periodontology

1. Figure 1. The five stages of extraction socket healing
Alaa Abdelhamid et al. Alveolar Bone Preservation. Biological Basis and Techniques. International Journal of Dental
Sciences and Research, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 3, 56-68. doi:10.12691/ijdsr-5-3-3
© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Science and Education Publishing.

2. Figure 3. (Left) Grade I socket with an intact buccal plate demonstrating less than 25% bone loss; (Center) Grade II
socket showing fissure, dehiscence, and approximately 50% buccal plate loss; (Right) Grade III socket with more than
50% buccal plate loss
Alaa Abdelhamid et al. Alveolar Bone Preservation. Biological Basis and Techniques. International Journal of Dental
Sciences and Research, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 3, 56-68. doi:10.12691/ijdsr-5-3-3
© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Science and Education Publishing.

3. Figure 4. Sagittal cross sections of CBCT images depicting Grade I (Left), Grade II (Center), and Grade III (Right) sockets.
Note the level of the buccal plate relative to the cementoenamel junction that is elucidated by this cross-cut
Alaa Abdelhamid et al. Alveolar Bone Preservation. Biological Basis and Techniques. International Journal of Dental
Sciences and Research, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 3, 56-68. doi:10.12691/ijdsr-5-3-3
© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Science and Education Publishing.

4. Figure 5. (Left) Example of adequate interproximal bone. The periodontium is healthy, and the bony peeks on either side
of the extraction socket are aiding in supporting the interproximal papilla. (Right) A mildly reduced periodontium.
Interproximal bone is present; there is enough bone to support full papilla in the embrasure spaces of the natural dentition
Alaa Abdelhamid et al. Alveolar Bone Preservation. Biological Basis and Techniques. International Journal of Dental
Sciences and Research, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 3, 56-68. doi:10.12691/ijdsr-5-3-3
© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Science and Education Publishing.