The Fifth Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is the most comprehensive and relevant analysis of our changing climate. It provides the scientific fact base that will be used around the world to formulate climate policies in the coming years. This document is one of a series synthesizing the most pertinent findings of AR5 for specific economic and business sectors. It was born of the belief that the employment sector could make more use of AR5, which is long and highly technical, if it were distilled into an accurate, accessible, timely, relevant and readable summary. Although the information presented here is a ‘translation’ of the key content relevant to this sector from AR5, this summary report adheres to the rigorous scientific basis of the original source material. Grateful thanks are extended to all reviewers from both the science and business communities for their time, effort and invaluable feedback on this document. The basis for information presented in this overview report can be found in the fully-referenced and peer-reviewed IPCC technical and scientific background reports at: www.ipcc.ch

1. climate
everyone’s
business
Climate
Change:
Implica0ons
for
Employment
Key
Findings
from
the
Intergovernmental
Panel
on
Climate
Change
Fi7h
Assessment
Report
June
2014

2. climate
everyone’s
business
Climate
Change:
Jobs
&
Livelihoods
Climate
change
threats
to
ecosystems
such
as
forests
and
oceans
will
affect
economic
sectors
such
as
agriculture,
fisheries,
mining,
energy
produc0on,
pulp
and
paper
and
tourism.
Climate
change
effects
will
interact
with:
§ Popula0on
growth
§ Economic
development
§ Urbanisa0on
and
migra0on
§ Supply
chain
globalisa0on
Impacts
on
global
employment
will
be
both
direct
and
indirect,
and
jobs
will
be
created
as
well
as
lost.
People
living
in
poverty
will
be
most
affected.
Greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissions
at
current
rates
are
projected
to
raise
global
average
surface
temperature
by
2.6–4.8oC
by
2100.

3. climate
Climate
Change:
Impacts
on
Urban
&
Coastal
Zones
everyone’s
business Coastal
Zones
contain
10%
of
the
world
popula0on
(600
million
people),
and
65%
of
ci0es
over
5
million
people.
Urban
areas
will
be
affected
by:
§ DisrupOons
to
infrastructure
§ Insecurity
and
breakdown
of
food
systems
§ Limited
adapOon
ability
of
poor
residents
§ Increased
infrastructure
spending
§ Increased
municipal
jobs
Coastal
zones
will
be
affected
by:
§ Assets
exposed
to
sea-­‐level
rise
§ Storm
surges
and
extreme
weather
§ Decreases
in
tourism
§ Decline
in
fish
stocks
and
fisheries’
produc0on

4. climate
everyone’s
business
Climate
Change:
Rural
livelihoods
and
incomes
will
be
impacted
by:
§ Insufficient
access
to
water
§ Food
insecurity
§ Reduced
agricultural
produc0vity
People
living
in
poverty
will
be
affected
by:
§ Slow
economic
growth
§ Exis0ng
vulnerabili0es
exacerbated
by
climate
change
§ New
poverty
traps
triggered
by
climate
change
Climate
change
impacts
will
make
it
harder
for
people
to
escape
poverty.
Impacts
on
Rural
&
Poor
Poor
and
rural
regions
are
already
subject
to
non-­‐climate
stressors,
such
as:
§ Underinvestment
in
agriculture
§ Land
and
natural
resource
policy
problems
§ Environmental
degradaOon

5. climate
Climate
Change:
Economic
Ac0vity
everyone’s
business Ac0ons
and
policies
to
reduce
GHG
emissions
may
threaten
livelihoods
in
exisOng
industries,
but
should
create
opportuniOes
in
new
areas.
Climate-­‐sensi0ve
sectors,
such
as
agriculture,
forestry,
fisheries
and
tourism,
may
find
it
more
difficult
to
adapt
to
climate
change.
The
sectors
that
will
be
most
affected
include:
§ Energy
§ Water
§ Food
produc0on
and
agriculture
§ Tourism
§ Transport
Slow
impacts
will
indirectly
change
the
economic
viability
of
various
sectors.

6. climate
Climate
Change:
Migra0on
everyone’s
business Migra0ons
of
people
could
be
affected
by
climate
change
via:
§ IntensificaOon
of
natural
disasters
§ Shortages
of
food
or
water
§ Sea-­‐level
rise
in
coastal
areas
or
island
states
§ Increased
compe00on
or
violent
conflict
over
resources
MigraOon
can
have
both
posi0ve
and
nega0ve
effects:
Posi%ve:
Remi_ances
sent
back
home
from
migrants
abroad
Nega%ve:
Increased
burden
of
work
where
migrants
leave
Decreased
tradi0onal
knowledge
transmission
Demographic
and
resource
pressure
where
migrants
arrive
Migra0on
will
be
one
of
the
main
opOons
for
employment
adaptaOon
to
climate
change.

7. climate
Climate
Change:
Implica0ons
for
Employment
everyone’s
business Most
regions
and
sectors
will
experience
nega0ve
employment
effects.
§ Extreme
weather
and
other
climate
impacts
threaten
supply
chains
and
logis0cs.
§ Rising
temperatures
and
disease
will
reduce
labour
produc0vity.
Some
regions
and
sectors
will
experience
posi0ve
employment
effects.
Jobs
can
be
created
through
climate
change
adaptaOon
efforts
such
as:
§ Flood
relief
measures
§ Roll-­‐out
of
renewable
energy
capacity
§ Energy
efficiency
ini0a0ves

8. climate
Climate
Change:
Resilience
(1/3)
everyone’s
business Public
investment
and
private
involvement
§ Climate
policies
Increasing
energy
from
renewable
resources
Encouraging
culOvaOon
of
biofuels
Payments
under
the
REDD
markets
§ Agriculture
Reducing
market
vola0lity
Making
global
agricultural
markets
more
predictable
and
reliable
§ Insurance
programmes
Social
protec0on
measures
Disaster
risk
management
will
be
criOcal
to
climate
change
adaptaOon,
and
can
include
individuals,
SMEs
and
large
corpora0ons.

9. climate
Climate
Change:
Resilience
(2/3)
everyone’s
business PotenOal
adaptaOon
opOons
exist
and
can
directly
benefit
§ Adapta0on
across
food
system
ac0vi0es
Focus
on
food
security
and
equity
likely
to
have
most
direct
livelihood
benefits.
Food
producOon
Processing
Packaging
Transport
Storage
and
trade
the
§ Fishery
and
aquaculture
Maintaining
resilient
ecosystems
Developing
early
warning
systems
Be^er-­‐adapted
livestock
breeds
Improving
access
to
credit
for
adapta0on
measures
livelihoods.

10. climate
Climate
Change:
Resilience
(3/3)
everyone’s
business § Resilient
infrastructure
for
urban
areas
Water
supply
SanitaOon
Storm
and
waste
water
drains
Electricity
Transport
TelecommunicaOons
Healthcare
EducaOon
Emergency
response
Building
resilient
systems
will
be
crucial
to
maintain
economic
acOvity
and
support
jobs.
Urban
areas
hold
more
than
half
of
the
world
popula0on,
most
of
its
built
assets
and
most
of
its
economic
ac0vi0es.

11. climate
Climate
Change:
Mi0ga0on
Poten0al
everyone’s
business Op0ons
available
to
policymakers
for
climate
change
miOgaOon
include:
Decoupling
economic
growth
from
an
increase
in
GHG
emissions,
requiring
large-­‐scale
transformaOons
in
the
way
the
economy
works.
Developing
a
workforce
capable
of
working
in
‘green
jobs’,
including
renewable
energy,
green
buildings,
decentralised
energy
and
efficiency.
Reducing
energy
demand,
through
energy
efficiency
and
behavioural
change.
Increasing
supply-­‐side
energy
measures
such
as
renewable
technologies,
nuclear
power
and
carbon
capture
and
storage
(CCS).

12. climate
Climate
Change:
Conclusion
everyone’s
business Coastal
regions,
ci0es
and
rural
areas
are
all
at
risk
from
different
climate-­‐related
events.
Climate
change
effects
will
disrupt
economic
acOvity
and
jobs,
both
in
specific
sectors
and
also
by
effects
on
the
en0re
economic
infrastructure.
AdapOng
to
climate
change
effects
will
present
both
nega0ve
impacts
as
well
as
employment
opportuni0es.
Climate
change
poses
a
moderate
threat
to
sustainable
development
today
and
a
severe
threat
to
future
sustainable
development,
and
thus
to
employment,
livelihoods
and
jobs.
Threat
Mul0plier
A
factor
that
exacerbates
the
negaOve
effects
of
other
drivers
of
change.

13. For
more
informa0on
Cambridge
InsOtute
for
Sustainability
Leadership
ipcc@cisl.cam.ac.uk
Bela
Galgoczi,
ETUI
bgalgoczi@etui.org
European
Climate
FoundaOon
AR5@europeanclimate.org
www.cisl.cam.ac.uk/ipcc
www.etui.org
www.europeanclimate.org
The
ETUI
is
financially
supported
by
the
EU.