2013 EERI Annual Meeting Session: Resilience Planning

1. Yumei Wang, DOGAMI
EERI Seattle, Feb 13, 2013
Resilience Planning in Oregon
Critical Energy
Infrastructure
Statewide
50-Year Vision
www.oregon.gov/omd/oem www.oregon.gov/puc/docs/DOGAMICEIHubreport-8-1-12-R1.pdf

2. OSSPAC’s Resilience Plan (Feb 2013)
6/16/2015 Y. Wang
• Kent Yu (Chair) & J Wilson (VC)
• Over 150+ contributors
• Industry & business driven
• Built on earlier work
• Gap Analyses
• Consensus: Recommendations
• 2011 Legislature Directive
www.oregon.gov/omd/oem

3. 6/16/2015 Y. Wang
public safety+
Oregonian
Editorial:
Jan. 2011

4. March 2011 Tohoku M9
Mirror image (but, Japan prepared)
Japan
(2011)
(Source NOAA)
Cascadia
(when?)
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

5. OSSPAC Earthquake Commission
• Rep. Deb Boone’s House Resolution 3
April 18, 2011 after Japan’s disaster
• Directs OSSPAC to “lead & coordinate preparation of an
Oregon Resilience Plan that . . . makes
recommendations on policy direction to protect lives &
keep commerce flowing during & after a Cascadia
(megathrust) earthquake & tsunami.”
• Kent Yu, Ph.D. OSSPAC Chair, championed effort
6/16/2015 Y. Wang

6. Oregon Resilience Plan:
Seismic Resilience Goal
“Oregon citizens will not only be protected from
life-threatening physical harm, but because of
risk reduction measures & pre-disaster
planning, communities will recover more
quickly & with less continuing vulnerability
following a Cascadia subduction zone
earthquake & tsunami.”
6/16/2015 Y. Wang

7. CDRM
Resilience Triangle
Infrastructure & Human Resilience
Reduce Losses, Speed Recovery, & Rebuild Better
Wang, Miles
Bartlett, 2012 Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

8. 8 Task Groups
• Earthquake and Tsunami Scenario
• Business and Work Force
• Coastal Communities
• *Critical Buildings
• Transportation
• *Energy
• Information and Communications
• Water and Waste Water
6/16/2015 Y. Wang

9. 8 Task Groups Mission
1. Determine likely impacts of magnitude 9.0 Cascadia
earthquake & tsunami on its assigned sector, &
estimate time required to restore functions in that
sector if earthquake were to strike under present
conditions
2. Define acceptable timeframes to restore functions
after a future Cascadia earthquake to fulfill expected
resilient performance
3. Recommend changes in practice & policies that, if
implemented during the next 50 years, will allow
Oregon to reach desired resilience targets
6/16/2015 Y. Wang

10. Critical Buildings Task Group
Chairs: Ed Quesenberry and Trent Nagele
• *Emergency Operations Centers
• *Education facilities (K-12, College and University)
• *Healthcare facilities (Hospitals and MOBs)
• *Police and Fire Stations
• Critical government administration/services facilities
• Emergency sheltering facilities
• Community retail centers
• Financial/banking Buildings
• Residential Housing
• Killer buildings (URM and non-ductile RC buildings)
*2007 DOGAMI report with seismic scores
*2009 launched Oregon Seismic Rehabilitation Grant Program
6/16/2015 Y. Wang

11. CDRM
Cascadia Fault & 4 zones: 1) tsunami zone, 2) coast, 3) valley, 4) east
Determined Oregon’s 4 Zones
Source: I. Madin,
DOGAMI
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

12. CDRM
Findings for Cascadia Magnitude 9 Scenario
Business Group
Tolerate 2 wks to 1 mo.
outages or gone …
Portland/Valley
-Electricity: 1 mo to 3 mo
-Water: 1 mo to 1 yr
-Fire/Police: 2 to 4 mo
-Healthcare Facilities: 18 mo Source: I. Madin,
DOGAMI
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

13. Recommendations to 2013 Legislature
1. Undertake comprehensive assessments of key
structures & systems that underpin Oregon’s economy
2. Launch sustained program of capital investment in
Oregon’s public structures
3. Craft package of incentives to engage Oregon’s private
sector to advance seismic resilience
4. Update Oregon’s public policies
6/16/2015 Y. Wang

14. Resilience Planning in Energy Sector
6/16/2015 Y. Wang
5-yr effort: DOE,
PUC, DOGAMI
2012 DOGAMI
earthquake study
Co-authors:
Scott Miles, WWU
Steve Bartlett, UU

15. 6/16/2015Yumei Wang,
DOGAMI,
Memphis (Tierney and Nigg, 1995)
Des Moines (Tierney and Nigg, 1995)
Northridge Earthquake
(Tierney, 1997)
Importance of Energy to Businesses

16. Critical Energy Infrastructure (CEI) Hub
 Intersection of:
 Petroleum
 Natural Gas
 Electric
 Liquefaction zone
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

17. Liquefaction Hazards
Energy Facilities Built on Hydraulic Fill
1905 expo
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

18. Energy Facilities on Liquefiable Ground
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

19. Energy Facilities: Marine Oil Terminals,
Tank Farms, River Crossings
Hypothetical M8
Possible Damage to:
Docks: Structural, Foundation,
Pipes, Cranes, Ships
Tanks: Structural, Foundation,
Rigid Fittings,
Floating equipment, Sloshing
(5-10 ft high)
Buildings: Structural, non-
structural, lifelines, SCADA
Structures/Equipment:
Loading racks, containment,
pipes, pipe racks,
towers, lines, mechanical,
electrical, telcoY Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

20. CDRM
Electricity, Fuel & Gas: Ground Movement
Ground movement hazards: liquefaction
(quicksand), lateral spreading, & landslides
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

21. Energy Facilities: Buildings, Tanks, Pipes, Piers,
Components & Interdependencies
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

22. Fuel Oil Ports in Portland
Many facilities built
before seismic design
codes & vulnerable
June 2011, Yumei Wang, DOGAMI
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

23. Fuel Oil Terminals in Portland
June 2011, Yumei Wang, DOGAMI
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

24. 1964 Alaska Earthquake – Anchorage
timber
piles
ground
displacement
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

25. Earthquake Damage to Facilities
6/16/2015Yumei Wang,
DOGAMI Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013
Chile’s Damage

26. CDRM
Towers with Ground Movement Hazard >1m
Source: I. Madin,
DOGAMI
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013
Chile’s Damage

27. Key Findings: Energy Sector
• Energy Sector at High Risk & Low Resilience
• Lots of Vulnerable Structures
• Ground Development History: Highly Liquefiable Soils
• Building Codes Inadequate (until 1994)
- Requirements on Liquefiable Soils Inadequate (until 2004)
• Systems with Minimal Redundancy, & Many Interdependencies
• Expect extensive, prolonged disruption (unless mitigated)
• Recommendations: Analyze, Mitigate, Oversight on Progress
• 2012 DOGAMI Report at:
http://www.oregon.gov/puc/docs/DOGAMICEIHubreport-8-1-12-R1.pdf
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

28. Page: 28TEPCO 2011
Tokyo Electric Company (TEPCO)
Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

29. Page: 29
Scheduled Rolling Black Outs
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

30. Electric Transmission & Distribution
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

31. Liquid Fuel & Natural Gas
Severe gas shortage for emergency response
Long gas lines & rationing
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

32. 6/16/2015 Y. Wang
Energy Sector’s Gap Analysis
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

33. 6/16/2015 Y. Wang
Energy Sector’s Recommendations
1. OPUC provide oversight for seismic preparedness of energy operators that they
regulate
2. Develop new regulatory oversight for energy operators not regulated by OPUC, and
create engagement in seismic mitigation efforts for them
3. Energy operators conduct seismic vulnerability assessments of critical energy
infrastructure facilities and develop mitigation plans
4. Energy operators institutionalize long-term seismic mitigation programs and work with
the appropriate oversight authority
5. State provide immunity of liability, in statute, for seismic vulnerabilities that are
identified by the energy operators in their seismic vulnerability assessments
6. State provide statutory authority for prescriptive waivers of routine permitting
requirements for design, construction, and restoration of energy infrastructure, if in the
public interest and needed due to disaster
7. Form public-private partnership to evaluate the diversification of locations of liquid
fuels storage and new energy corridors
8. State require liquid fuel wholesale and retail operators to provide access to and
alternate means of delivering fuels
9. Evaluate options for improving power supply to coastal areas located outside of the
tsunami inundation zone
10. Public-private sector employee to ensure coordinated planning, information sharing,
and interoperability among critical organizations and agencies

34. CDRM
Mitigation Planning Activities
ODOT Prioritization:
Tier 1 Highway in
Cascadia earthquake
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013

35. Mitigation Activities
BPA estimates
up to 25 Ft
movement
towards river.
Mitigate in 2014.
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013
Chile’s Damage
Portland

36. 6/16/2015Yumei Wang,
DOGAMI,
Possible Future Ground Improvement at
Oil Facility During Expansion
2007 Tanks &
Ground Improvement
Possible Future Tanks
& Ground Improvement

37. YWang, DOGAMI, 3/08
Hokusai no
QUESTIONS?
Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2012Y Wang, DOGAMI, 2013