Home automation under wi fi through android apps from any smart phone

Home automation under
Wi-Fi through Android apps
from any smart phone

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Home automation under Wi-Fi through
Android apps from any smart phone
Introduction
 The main aim of the project is to control multiple electrical loads remotely
over internet falling under the basic principles of Internet of Things-IOT. For
this real-time scenario we use an Android app on any smart cell phone with
user configurable front end (GUI). The data sent from the cell phone upon
touch commands are sent through allotted IP fed to it, to any nearby
wireless modem which is then received by a Wi-Fi module interfaced to a
microcontroller of 8051 series, under TCP IP via networked wireless modem
environment.

Block Diagram

Hardware Requirements
 Microcontroller
 LCD display
 A to D converter
 Temperature sensors
 Relay
 Resistors
 Capacitors
 Diodes
 Transformer
 Voltage Regulator
 Transistors
 relays
 WiFi module as required

Software Requirements
 Keil compiler
 Language: Embedded C or Assembly.

Wi-Fi through android apps
 The Wi-Fi works on radio waves technology.
 The data to be passed through Wi-Fi is converted into the electromagnetic
signal which is then sent using the antenna.
 This signal is received and decoded by the outer at the receiving end.
 This signal is passed to the controller which is nothing but AVR controller.

Home automation
 Home automation is the residential extension of building automation and
involves the control and automation of lighting, heating, ventilation, air
conditioning (HVAC), appliances, and security.
 Modern systems generally consist of switches and sensors connected to a
central hub sometimes called a "gateway"
 From which the system is controlled with a user interface that is
interacted either with a wall-mounted terminal, mobile phone software,
tablet computer or a web interface.

Micro Controller
 Compatible with MCS®-51 products
 8K bytes of in-system programmable (ISP)
flash memory
 4.0V to 5.5V operating range
 Crystal frequency 11.0592mhz
 Three-level program memory lock
 256 x 8-bit internal RAM
 32 programmable I/O lines AT89S52

Home automation
 Home automation is the residential extension of building automation.
 And involves the control and automation of lighting, heating, ventilation,
air conditioning (HVAC), appliances, and security.
 Modern systems generally consist of switches and sensors connected to a
central hub sometimes called a "gateway"
 From which the system is controlled with a user interface that is
interacted either with a wall-mounted terminal, mobile phone software,
tablet computer or a web interface.

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
 Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2
displays.
 This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line by 2
lines, respectively.
 The standard is referred to as HD44780U
 It refers to the controller chip which receives data from an external source
(and communicates directly with the LCD.

A to D Converter
 Analog signals – directly measurable quantities in terms of some other
quantity
Examples:
 Thermometer – mercury height rises as temperature rises
 Car Speedometer – Needle moves farther right as you accelerate
 Stereo – Volume increases as you turn the knob.
Analog Signal

A to D Converter
 Digital Signals – have only two states. For digital computers, we refer to
binary states, 0 and 1. “1” can be on, “0” can be off.
Examples:
 Light switch can be either on or off
 Door to a room is either open or closed
Digital Signal

A to D Converter
 Converts analog signals into binary words

A to D Converter
 Quantizing - breaking down analog
value is a set of finite states
Example:
 You have 0-10V signals. Separate
them into a set of discrete states
with 1.25V increments. (How did
we get 1.25V? See next slide…)
Output
States
Discrete Voltage
Ranges (V)
0 0.00-1.25
1 1.25-2.50
2 2.50-3.75
3 3.75-5.00
4 5.00-6.25
5 6.25-7.50
6 7.50-8.75
7 8.75-10.0

A to D Converter
 Encoding - assigning a digital word
or number to each state and
matching it to the input signal
Example:
 Here we assign the digital value
(binary number) to each state for
the computer to read.
Output
States
Output Binary Equivalent
0 000
1 001
2 010
3 011
4 100
5 101
6 110
7 111

Relay
 It is A electro magnetic switch
 Used to control the electrical devices
 Copper core magnetic flux plays main role here

Relay Driver ULN2003
 ULN is relay driver application
 The ULN2003 is A monolithic high voltage and high current darlington
transistor arrays.
 It consists of seven NPN darlington pairs that features high-voltage
outputs with common-cathode clamp diode for switching inductive
loads.
 The collector-current rating of a single darlington pair is 500ma.
 The darlington pairs may be paralleled for higher current capability.

Relay Driver ULN2003
 The ULN functions as an inverter.
 If the logic at input 1b is high then
the output at its corresponding pin 1c
will be low.

Working Principle
 The data sent from the cell phone upon touch commands are sent through
allotted IP fed to it, to any nearby wireless modem.
 Which is then received by a Wi-Fi module interfaced to a microcontroller
of 8051 series, under TCP IP via networked wireless modem environment.
 Relays are then driven as per the command received at the controller end
to handle electrical loads.

Working Principle
 The real time data is also seen at the sending end upon a LCD display
interfaced to the microcontroller that displays the status of the loads too.
 The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which
steps down the voltage to 12V AC.
 This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier and
 It is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805
 Which is required for the operation of the microcontroller , 3.3 volt for the
Wi-Fi unit and other components.

Applications
 Home automation – This project can be used to control various Home
Appliances
 We can control device from a long distance, thus it gives ease of access.
 Faster operation and efficient.
 No need to carry separate remote or any other controlling unit.

Conclusion
 Home automation under Wi-Fi through Android apps from any smart
phone was designed and implemented to control multiple electrical loads
remotely over internet falling under the basic principles of Internet of
Things-IOT. For this real-time scenario we use an Android app on any smart
cell phone with user configurable front end (GUI).

Home automation under wi fi through android apps from any smart phone

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