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@EMARIANOMD
#WAS2020
“Opioid-Free Anesthesia”
Is Not a Thing
Edward R. Mariano, M.D., M.A.S.
Professor of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine
Stanford University School of Medicine
Chief, Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care
Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Disclosures
 None
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Overview
 How did we get here?
 Where is the evidence?
 What should we do for our patients?
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Overview
 How did we get here?
 Where is the evidence?
 What should we do for our patients?
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
The Opioid Epidemic
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/01/07/us/drug-overdose-deaths-in-the-us.html?_r=0
https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
The Opioid Epidemic
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/01/07/us/drug-overdose-deaths-in-the-us.html?_r=0
https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Brummett, et al. JAMA 2017
Klueh, et al. JGIM 2018
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
https://www.ncsl.org/research/health/prescribing-policies-states-confront-opioid-overdose-epidemic.aspx
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Mudumbai & Mariano, et al. Pain Med 2016
The Opioid Epidemic
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
The Opioid Epidemic
https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
The Opioid Epidemic
Mudumbai & Mariano, et al. Pain Med 2016
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Unintended Consequences
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Overview
 How did we get here?
 Where is the evidence?
 What should we do for our patients?
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
SPFA
Society for Paralysis-Free Anesthesia
BLOCK THE ROC
LET PATIENTS MOVE FREELY DURING SURGERY
☻ 2020 Society for Paralysis-Free Anesthesia. This is totally fake.
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Elkassabany & Mariano. Anaesthesia 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Elkassabany & Mariano. Anaesthesia 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Opioid-Free Anesthesia: PRO?
Lavand’homme. EJA 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Opioid-Free Anesthesia: CON
Lirk & Rathmell. EJA 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Fiore, et al. BJA 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Fiore, et al. BJA 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Kharasch, et al. Anesthesiology Feb 2020
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Kharasch, et al. Anesthesiology Feb 2020
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Overview
 How did we get here?
 Where is the evidence?
 What should we do for our patients?
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Schwenk & Mariano. KJA 2018
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Elkassabany & Mariano. Anaesthesia 2019
Opioid-
Free
Potential
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Mariano, Schatman. J Pain Res 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Think Beyond the PACU
Mariano, Walters, Kim, Kain. A&A 2015
Walters, Mariano, Clark. Pain Med 2015
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Tamboli, et al. Pain Med 2019
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Transitional Pain
Katz, et al. J Pain Res 2015
Huang, et al. Pain Manag 2016
@EMARIANOMD #WAS2020
Summary
 We discussed “opioid-free anesthesia” and
answered the following questions:
– How did we get here?
– Where is the evidence?
– What should we do for our patients?

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