Histology

1. STOMACH
A dilated segment of the digestive
tract.
Main Function:
To add fluid to the ingested food.
Digestive System 1

2. RUGAE
 Ridges or folds of mucosa with submucosal core
 Allow stomach to distend upon the entry of food
Digestive System 2

3. Digestive System 3
REGIONS OF THE
STOMACH
Cardiac, Fundus, Body, and Pylorus

4. CARDIAC REGION
Digestive System 4
(A): a simple columnar epithelium
(1) forms broad crypts or foveolae
(2). The mucous glands
(3 The lamina muscularis mucosae is well developed.
(4) Tela submucosa is a connective tissue layer
embedding blood vessels and nerve complexes.
(5) thick inner muscular layer is found
The cardiac glands produce an alkaline mucus and
lysozyme.

5. 5Digestive System 5
BODY

6. FUNDUS
Upper most curve of stomach
located to the left of the cardia.
Fig. Fundic stomach, dog. Superficially, the
gastric mucosa contains gastric pits, which
form superficial invaginations and are lined
by mucus-secreting columnar epithelial
cells. Deeper, the gastric glands are
primarily composed of intermixed chief
cells and parietal glands (fundus).
Digestive System 6

7. Digestive System 7
Cell present in
Body and Fundus

8. 8Digestive System 8

9. Isthmus mucous cell
TYPES OF CELL IN BODY
AND FUNDUS
Digestive System 9
Parietal (oxyntic) cells
 Produce the
hydrochloric acid
present in gastric juice.
 Secretes glycoprotein
that binds with Vit B12
and facilitates its
internal absorption.
 Present in the upper
region of the gland in
the transitional region
between neck and the
gastric pits.
 They secrete a neutral
mucus that lines and
protects the surface
from secreted acid.

10. Mucous neck cell
TYPES OF CELL IN BODY
AND FUNDUS
Digestive System 10
Zymogenic/ Chief Cell
 Have all the
characteristics of a
protein synthesizing
and exporting cell.
 In humans, they
produce the
enzymes pepsin and
lipase.
 Present in clusters or
single cell
 It has irregular in
shape
 Secrete an acid
mucus rich in
glycosaminoglycans.

11. Argentaffin/
Enterochromaffin cell
TYPES OF CELL IN BODY
AND FUNDUS
Digestive System 11
Other Endocrine cell
(APUD)
 Affinity for
chromium and silver
salts
 Characterized by the
presence of
abundant dense
secretory granules

12. PYLORUS
The cone-shaped constriction in the GI
tract.
 the pylorus contains
numerous glands, including gastric
pits, which constitute about half the
depth of the pyloric mucosa.
Digestive System 12

13. PRINCIPAL LAYERS OF
STOMACH

14. Digestive System 14

15. 15
TITLE HERE
MUCOSA SUBMUCOSA
MUSCULARIS
EXTERNA
SEROSA
a. Gastric pits
b. Gastric gland
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa
 Loose connective
tissue
 Contains the large
blood and lymph
vessels
Spiral smooth fibers
a. Longitudinal
b. Circular
c. oblique
Covers the outer
portion of the
stomach
• Mesothelium
• Thin lamina
propria
Digestive System 15

16. Digestive System 16

17. 17Digestive System 17

18. Digestive System
SMALL INTESTINE
Digestion of food is completed.
18

19. 19Digestive System 19
• Presence of
submucosal brunner's glands
• Villi are rather flatter in the
duodenum than in the jejunum,
and plicae are less frequent.
• Longest and most "typical"
region of the small intestine.
• Villi are rather longer and more
finger-like in the jejunum than
in the duodenum, and plicae
are usually apparent.
• Has proportionally more goblet
cells than more proximal
sections of the small intestine.
• The ileum also displays an
increase in the amount of
mucosal lymphoid tissue, which
forms conspicuous clusters
of lymph nodules,
called peyer's patches.