Short Presentation The Ultimate Algorithm For Creating IoT Hardware Devices. The Algorithm Consists Of 10 Steps:
1. Data & Actions
2. User Interface
3. Security
4. Data Representation
5. Internet Connection
6. Application Logic
7. Power Supply
8. Microcontroller
9. Development Tools
10. Other
2. A Set Of Benefits? Or… Expectations?
Save Resources
Increase Productivity
Improve Our Health
Enable New Services
To Free Our Time
To Make Our Life Better
Improving Human’s Is A Complicated Problem
3. „For every complex
problem there is a
solution that is
clear, simple
and wrong.“
Maybe IoT Is Such A Wrong Solution?
H. L. Mencken
4. Why?
Social Acceptance
Privacy
Data Confidentiality
Intellectual Property
Tracking
Manipulation
Control
Personal Freedom
Complexity
Technical Challenges
5. What Are The Predictions?
We Already Have 10+ Billion IoT Devices
In 10 Years It Is Expected Their Count To Be 50 - 100 Billion
The Expected Financial Impact Will Be $11+ Trillion
What Does It Mean?
6. What Do We Need To Do?
Solve All Social Issues
Decide The Level Of Intelligence
Create Reliable, Ubiquitous Network Connectivity
Cope With Noise And Interference
Provide Unlimited Electrical Power
Let’s Go Deeper…
9. Do You Think You’ll Be Able To Upload Your Selfie?
10. In Electronics We Can Use Shielding
And Filtering To Protect From Noise
Like We Use Umbrellas.
It Works Perfect For The Rain, But…
11. “No Matter How Many
Umbrellas We Have They Will
Not Stop The Tsunami”
Dr. Alexei Nikitin, TEDx
12. Network and Connectivity
Unlimited And Uninterrupted Internet Connection
50-100 Billion Unique Identifiers
Cope With Collisions And Other Issues
How Much It Will Cost?
13. How Much It Is Going To Cost?
Do The Math:
Assume That The Internet Connection In 2025 For A Device Will
Cost $0.1 / Month
$0.1 Х 50 Billion = $5 Billion / Month
Who Will Pay It?
14. What About Electricity?
IoT Will Require Enormous Amount Of Electrical Energy
More Math:
Average Consumption Of ESP8266 Is 80 mA
P module = I x U = 0,08A x 3V = 0,24 W
P total = 50 x 109 x 0,24 W = 12 000 MW
= 6X The Capacity Of “Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant”
E = $1,5 Billion / Hour
15. “We cannot solve the
problems with the
same level of
thinking that
created them”
17. Who Are ZEKENG?
ZEK Engineering Is A Hardware Designer Studio
Established In 2007 As A Freelancing Company By 2 Engineers
For 9 Active Years They Finished 150+ Projects
I Joined The Company 6 Years Ago Part Time
I Have Been Working Full Time For The Last 2 Years
I Am Responsible For Customer Relations, Business
Development And The Internal Projects
What ZEKENG’s Team Has Achieved Over The Time In Partnership
With Italian Designer Company
20. This Started In 2011 !!!
It Was Done Before The ESP8266 Era
When There Were No Tri-axial
Accelerometers And Gyroscopes
And Each Of These Sensors Cost About $30
23. In The Period 2014 - 2016
Advanced Power Grid Quality Monitoring Systems
IoT Motorcycles & Cars
Multipurpose Temperature Monitoring Systems
Intelligent Air Cleaning Systems
Home/Office Automation Systems
Antitheft Systems
GPS Trackers
People Meters
Flood/Smoke/Gas Detectors & Alarms
25. What Is An IoT System?
SENSOR 1
INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
ACTUATOR 1
SENSOR 2
SENSOR N
…
ACTUATOR 2
ACTUATOR M
…
MICROCONTROLLER
USER INTERFACE
26. The Ultimate IoT Design Algorithm
1. Data & Actions
2. User Interface
3. Security
4. Data Representation
5. Internet Connection
6. Application Logic
7. Power Supply
8. MCU
9. Development Tools
10. Other
30. 3. Security (From HW Perspective)
What Will Be The Level Of Security?
Can We Use Standard Solution?
Do We Need Additional Hardware?
What Computation Power Will Be Needed?
31. 4. Data Representation
Do We Need Special Conversions (Phase Correction,
Integration)?
What Accuracy Is Needed?
Do We Need Raw Or Processed Data?
Do We Need Compression?
32. 5. Internet Connection & Protocols
Connectivity
Wi-Fi or LAN?
GPRS/3G/4G
Bluetooth
ZigBee
Sub 1GHz
Other
Protocols
HTTP, TCP, UDP
MQTT, AMQP
Z-Wave
Thread
LoRaWAN
Other
33. 6. Application Logic
What Amount Of The Application Logic Will Be
Implemented On The IoT Device?
Centralized Or Decentralized System?
What Level Of Intelligence?
34. 7. Power Supply
DC-DC Adaptor?
Battery – Rechargeable Or Not?
Both?
Energy Harvesting?
35. 8. Microcontroller
How Much Computational Power? DSP?
How Much Memory (RAM, Flash)?
Do We Need Non-volatile Memory? (EEPROM)
Do We Need RTC? How Accurate?
Do We Need Low Power Modes? (Battery Power Supply)
SoC Or SoM?
36. 9. Development Tools
Hardware
Evaluation Kits
Oscilloscope
Other Calibration Tools
Debugger (JTAG)
Interfaces (USB->RS232)
Software
Compiler – Price/License
IDE
Server Environments
Other Software
OS (Real Time / Multitasking)
37. 10. Other
Schematic Design
PCB Design
3D Design
Software
Firmware
Sophisticated Algorithms
40. Example: Requirements
MICROCONTROLLER
T H PIR
T H
ALARM
LED
INDICATOR
S
BATTERY POWER SUPPLY
Wi-Fi
MICROCONTROLLER
GRID POWER SUPPLY
RELAY IR Wi-Fi
ALARM
LED
INDICATOR
THERMOSTAT ACTUATOR
41. Example: The Ultimate Algorithm
1. Data & Actions
2. User Interface
3. Security
4. Data Representation
5. Internet Connection
6. Business Logic
7. Power Supply
8. MCU
9. Development Tools
10. Other
44. Example: Data Representation & Security
Data Representation:
- Binary, Fixed Point, TCP
- | UID | TS | TEMP | HUM | MOTION | ALARM | CS |
Use Embedded Security Options
45. Example: Internet Connection & NW
Topology
INTERNET
Wi-Fi GATEWAY
THERMOSTAT
ACTUATOR
COOLER
ACTUATOR
HUMIDITY
ACTUATOR
HEATER
CLOUD SERVICE
REMOTE
CLIENT
LOCAL
CLIENT
46. Example: Application Logic
All Devices Connect Virtually To The Cloud Service
We Need Device Interaction
Actuators Should Implement The Part Of The Application
48. Example: Microcontroller
Wide Power Supply Range: 2.1 – 3.6V
SoC – Wi-Fi ARM Core + ARM Cortex M4 @ 80MHz
Hibernate Low Power Mode – 4µA
12-bit ADC, SD/MMC, 4 Timers, PWM, RTC
SPI, I2C, UART
Hardware Crypto Engine
Hardware CRC and Checksum
IP Stack
TCP/UDP Sockets
49. Example: Development Tools
SimpleLink Wi-Fi CC3200 module LaunchPad
SimpleLink Wi-Fi CC3200 Software Development Kit (SDK)
Code Composer Studio (CCS) or IAR
JTAG – XDS100
TI RTOS
50. YOU CAN DO IoT!
But Would You?
Or
You Will Try To Avoid The IoT Hype?
51. “You can avoid reality,
but you cannot avoid
the consequences of
avoiding reality”
Ayn Rand
52. Thank you!
email: emil.k@zekeng.com
phone: +359 88 531 2217
www: http://www.zekeng.com/contact-us/
Fb: https://www.facebook.com/zekengineering/
GET THE FREE BOOK: IoT Design Full Guide
http://www.zekeng.com/iot-design-full-
guide-optin/
Bonus: FREE Consultation
Notes de l'éditeur
GREET, GLAD TO SEE YOU
THANK ORGANIZERS (Mihail)
MY NAME IS EMIL ENGINEER AND TODAY WE’LL TALK ABOUT HARDWARE CHALLENGES
I’LL TELL YOU MORE ABOUT ME AND MY COMPANY LATER
YOU’RE NOT HERE BECAUSE OF ME BUT BECAUSE OF YOU
-> BEFORE WE START
WHAT IS IOT?
A HYPE? A SET OF BENEFITS? OR EXPECTATIONS?
IOT IS SUPPOSED TO HELP US
SAVE RESOURCES *** INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY *** AND IMPROVE OUR HEALTH
ENABLER FOR NEW SERVICES - REMOTE MAINTENANCE & CONTROL…
SUPPOSED TO FREE TIME AND MAKE LIFE BETTER – FOCUS ON OTHER THINGS
REFRIGERATOR EXAMPLE -> DO GROCERIES FOCUS ON BETTER THINGS IN LIFE LIKE
SITTING OUTSIDE, PLAYING GUITAR & DRINKING BEER
HENRY LOUIS MENCKEN
FOR EVERY COMPLEX CPROBLEM THERE IS A SOLUTION THAT IS
CLEAR, SIMPLE AND WRONG
MAYBE IOT IS SUCH A WRONG SOLUTION
GET BACK TO THE FRIDGE
IT TAKES CARE – FAVORITE BRAND OF BEER AND FRESH MEAT FOR BBQ EVERY DAY
MY WATCH IS ALSO SMART – MEASURES PULSE AND BLOOD PREASHURE ***
AND IT TALKES TO THE FRIDGE – AND THE FRIDGE CHNGES IT’S SHOPPING HABITS
INSTEAD OF MEET AND BEER – I FIND VEGITABLES AND FRUITS
REPORT TO MY PHYSICIAN
REPORT TO MY FITNESS INSTRUCTOR
INSURANCE COMPANY
MY BIGGEST CONCERNS: PERSONAL FREEDOM (HEALTHY AND MISERABLE) *** COMPLEXITY *** TECH
10+ B DEVICES ALREADY
50-100B IN 10 YEARS
11 + BILLION DOLLARS IMPACT
THE TABLE TENNIS BALLS
$11,1 TRILLION 18 000KM PILE OF $100 NOTES ALMOST TWICE THE HEIGHT OF MOUNT EVEREST
SOLVE SOCIAL ISSUES
DECIDE THE LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE – THE MAIN BRAIN
REILIABLE, UBIQUITOUS NETWORK
COPE WITH NOISE AND INTERFERENCE – RADIO NOISE & DATA NOISE (4000 EXABYTES)
UNLIMITED ELECTRICAL SUPPLY
THE CHARGERS – NOSIY DEVICES THAT BECOM PART OF THE NETWORK
ASSUME YOU’RE ON A CONCERT
AND YOU WANT TO MAKE A CALL – IF THE NW CAN MANAGE IT YOU CAN SHOUT AND DO IT SOMEHOW
BUT IT IS NOT THE SAME IF YOU TAKE A SELFIE AND TRY TO UPLOAD IT
ONE DEVICE IS LIKE A DROP OF WATER
MANY DEVICES ARE LIKE THE RAIN – WE CAN USE UMBRELLAS
WE ALREADY USE FILTERING AND SHIELDING
All this means that we will need much more tech support than ever
WE CANNOT SOLVE THE PROBLEMS THAT WILL APPEAR WITH THIS LEVEL OF THINKING
MAYBE WE HAVE TO PREVENT THE TSUNAMI OR CREATE A COMPLETELY NEW PARADIGM
DO YOU KNOW THIS GUY – RONALDO
WHAT IS SPECIAL ABOUT THIS IMMAGE
THIS IS AN ADD OF A DEVICE THAT MEASURES THE QUALITY OF THE JUMP
THE HARDWARE FOR THIS DEVICE WAS DESIGNED BY ITALIAN COMPANY IN COOPERATION WITH ZEKENG
AND THE PROTOTYPES WERE MANUFACTURED HERE IN BULGARIA
YOU DON’T BELIEVE!?
ACTUALLY THIS PRODUCT EVOLVED IN A COMPLETE FITNESS SOLUTION
AND THIS HAPPENED IN 2011
BEFORE THE ESP8266 ERA
WHEN ACCELEROMETERS AND GYROSCOPES WERE 2 AXIS AND COSTED ABOUT $30
NEXT PRODUCT IS DIRECT COMPETITOR OF WHISLE
CREATED AT THE SAME TIME
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SPORTSWEAR
MEASURES ECG
IN THE LAST 2 YEARS
POWER GRID MONITORING
TEMPERATURE AND AIR MONITORING
HOME/OFFICE AUTOMATION
ANTITHEFT SYSTEMS
TRACKERS
PPL METERS
GAS DETECTORS
RELAYS *** VALVES *** PWM *** STEPPERS *** OTHER
SAME PARAMETERS
INSTEAD OF DATA RATE - SPEED
UI – USED MAINLY FOR CONTROL
DISPLAY *** TOUCH SCREEN *** BUTTONS *** POTENTIOMETERS *** LEDs
INTERFACE / PROTOCOL *** POWER *** PRICE
FROM HW VIEWPOINT
LEVEL OF SECURITY – SHOULD WE IMPLEMENT SPECIAL HARDWAR OR USE
STANDARD SOLUTIONS
DO WE NEED MORE COMPUTATION POWER TO IMPLEMENT SOPHISTICATED ENCRYPTION ALGORITHMS
SPECIAL CONVERSIONS? – EXAMPLE – POWER METERS – CURRENT TRANSFORMERS – DSP, FILTERS, etc
HOW ACCURATE SHOULD BE? EXPENSIVE ADCs
RAW OR PROCESSED DATA – WE MAY NEED
COMRESSION
WHAT PART OF THE APPLICATION LOGIC SHOULD BE IMPLEMENTED IN THE HARDWARE??
DO WE NEED CENTRIALIZED SYSTEM MIND?
WHAT WILL BE THE LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE? – HUMAN SMART, ROBOT SMART, OR?
IF THE FRIDGE KILLS ME
COMPUTATIONAL POWER. DO WE NEED DSP
MEMORY (RAM, FLASH) – THE TRICK
NON-VOLATILE MEMORY
RTC – HOW ACCURATE?
LOW POWER MODES – HOW LOW?
SoC OR SoM
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