The document discusses toothbrushes, including their history, components, types, proper use, and care. Toothbrushes have existed for nearly 5,000 years, starting as chew sticks, and now come in manual and powered varieties. Key parts are the bristle head and handle, which come in different shapes, patterns, and designs. Toothbrushes should be chosen based on size and replaced every 3-4 months to effectively clean teeth and gums.

1. “TOOTHBRUSH”
 AGUILAR CAMACHO EMILY RENATA
 AVILÉS UREÑA MARIA DEL CARMEN
 ARELLANO CARRAZCO IRASEMA
 ESPINOZA LEYVA MARÍA FERNANDA
 MENDOZA CABRERA PAOLA AMAIRANY
 OSUNA HERNÁNDEZ KATHYA
TEAM #2
“PASTORES 2.0”

2. WHAT IS IT?
The toothbrush is an oral hygiene
instrument used to clean the teeth
and gums in conjunction with
toothpaste, which often
contains fluoride, to increase the
effectiveness of tooth brushing.

3.  Tooth brushes are the most widely used oral hygiene aid. It is the
main instrument in general use for accomplishing plaque control.
 According to American Dental Association:
“The toothbrush is designed primarily to promote cleanliness of teeth
and oral cavity”.
OBJECTIVES OF TOOTH-BRUSHING
To clean teeth and interdental spaces of
food remnants, and stains.
To prevent plaque formation.
To disturb and remove plaque.
To stimulate and massage gingival tissues.
To clean the tongue.

4. HISTORY
 Toothbrush design and materials have come a long
way. Early forms of the toothbrush have existed for
nearly 5000 years.
 Ancient civilizations used a “chew stick”, a thin twig
with a frayed end. The sticks were rubbed against
the teeth to remove food.
 In the past 500 or so years, toothbrushes were
crafted with bone, wood or ivory handles that held
the stiff bristles of hogs, boars or other animals.
 The nylon-bristled toothbrush as we know it today
was invented in 1938.

5. FEATURES:
Toothbrushes consist of a
head of tightly
clustered bristles mounted
on a handle, which facilitates
the cleansing of hard-to-
reach areas of the mouth.

6. TYPES
 MANUAL TOOTHBRUSH
It should confirm to individual patient
requirement in size, shape and texture.
It should be easily and effectively
manipulated.
It should be durable and inexpensive.
It should be designed for utility, efficiently
and cleanliness.

7.  Diamond shape
The tips of these toothbrush heads are
narrower than those of the conventional ones.
These tips are designed for easy access to
posterior teeth
 Conventional
All conventional toothbrush head designs are
effective in cleaning every tooth surface
SHAPE OF TOOTHBRUSH HEAD

8. 0-2 years
Brush head size
should be
approximately
15mm of diameter
2-6 years
Brush head size
should be
approximately
19mm.
6-12 years
Brush head size
should be 22mm.
12 years and above
Brush head size
should be
approximately 25mm

9. Wavy or V-shape pattern
The bristles form a V-shape or wavy pattern. According to the
manufacturer, this is intended to give the bristles a better contact with
the areas around the adjacent tooth surfaces.
BRISTLE PATTERN
Block pattern
The bristles are of the same length and are arranged neatly like a
block.
Multilevel trim pattern
The manufacturer claimed that it enables the
brush to reach difficult-to-clean areas.

10.  Criss-cross pattern
According to the manufacturer, this design can lift
up plaque effectively.
 Polishing-cup bristles
It is claimed that the bristles can clean surface
stains effectively.

11. HANDLE DESIGN
 Straight handle
All conventional toothbrushes have straight handles that are easier to
control.
 Contra-angle handle
This handle design is similar to a dental instrument, intending to
access to the difficult-to-clean areas.
 Flexible handle
This kind of handle intends to reduce gum injury caused by excessive
brushing force.
 Slip prevention grip handle
This handle intends to prevent the toothbrush from slipping away
during toothbrushing.

12.  POWERED TOOTHBRUSH
o An electric toothbrush performs oscillations or rotations of
its bristles, driven by a motor.
o Most studies report a medical performance equal to that of
a manual brush, the electric version can be more
comfortable, and an additional timer and pressure sensors
can encourage a correct cleaning process.
o Electric toothbrushes can be classified according to the
speed of their movements as standard power toothbrushes,
sonic toothbrushes or ultrasonic toothbrushes

13. Uses less brushing force than manual
toothbrushes
Brushing timer is incorporated in some brushes
to help the patient in brushing for the required
duration.
Mostly indicated for handicapped and eldery
patients

14. HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT
TOOTHBRUSH?
 It is essential that the toothbrush can move freely in your mouth to clean every
tooth surface. The bristles should be soft so that it does not injure the gums.
 The size of the toothbrush head should be appropriate to the size of the oral
cavity. In general, the size of a toothbrush head which is about the diameter of
a one-dollar coin will be suitable for adults.
 The bristle pattern and handle design should be determined
by personal preference and habit.

15.  Both manual and powered toothbrushes
clean the teeth effectively as long as they
are used correctly..
 Look for toothbrushes that display the ADA
Seal of Acceptance. The Seal assures you
that the product has been evaluated for
safety and effectiveness meaning that the
toothbrush components are safe for use in
the mouth.

16. HYGIENE AND CARE
Don’t share toothbrushes
Using someone else’s toothbrush exposes you to another person’s body fluids and
potential germs, which could make you sick. People with compromised immune systems or
who are sick with something they could pass on to another person should take special care
to use only their own toothbrush.
Rinse your toothbrush after brushing
Give it a thorough washing to remove any leftover toothpaste or debris.
Store your toothbrush in an upright position
When you’re done brushing, try to store it standing straight up and allow it to air-dry until
your next brushing. If there’s more than one brush in the same holder, try to keep them as
separate as possible to prevent cross-contamination.

17. Keep your toothbrush out in the open
Do not routinely cover toothbrushes or store them in
closed containers. A moist environment, such as a
closed container, is more conducive to the growth of
microorganisms than the open air.
Replace your toothbrush every 3-4
months
Bristles that become frayed and worn with use and will
be less effective at cleaning teeth.