2. Introduction
Blow room is the first step of yarn production in
spinning mills. A section in which compressed bales are
opened, cleaned and blending or mixing to form
uniforms lap of specific length is called Blow room
section. The cleaning efficiency of blow room is 40 to
70%. This is the first section of spinning line for spinning
of cotton yarn.
3. Functions of blow room
1. Opening the compressed bales of fiber and making
the cotton tuft a small size as far as possible.
2. Detecting the metal objects and fire in fiber
3. Cleaning the fiber by removing the dust, dirt, broken
seeds etc. and other foreign materials from the fibers.
4. Mixing and blending of different classes or grades of
fibers
5. Removing foreign fibers and plastic contaminations
6. Uniform feeding to the next stage.
4. Opening: Opening is the first operation in the blow
room carried out to the stage of Flocks. ln the-blow
room and to the stage of individual fibers in the cards.
In the stages of the opening, machines with an opening
function have the task of separating clumps of fiber
into smaller ones. The sizes of the clumps, and of the
teeth that deal with them, are progressively reduced.
In general terms, grasping clumps of fibers with sets of
teeth and dragging the clumps across another set of
teeth or grids perform the opening function.
5. Cleaning: With cotton, there are often seed coat
fragments attached to them. It is difficult to
remove some of the extraneous matter without
vigorous mechanical action and without adequate
opening. Every time a clump of fibers is divided,
a new surface is exposed from which it is
relatively easy to remove the loose unwanted
matter (trash).
6. Working Principle of Unifloc/BDT/Automatic Bale
Opener
In this zone, basic function is to open the fiber from the
bale where fibers are at very compressed and
disoriented state. The opening device has to penetrate
into the bale and pick up the tuft of fiber during
releasing from different bales simultaneously. The size
of fiber package is converted from 200 kg to 10 gm/tuft
in this zone. The machine moves to cover maximum
bales. Generally, roller with toothed disc is used for
opening device. No beating action but picking is
performed here.
7. Working Principle of Metal & fire detector/ SP-EM
The electronic Metal Separator SP-EM helps to protect
the cleaners and cards from metal parts at the
interface between bale work-off and mixers/cleaners.
Since, in the process, the material transport is
performed by the downstream machine, it is free of
exhaust air and requires no filter capacity. In order to
reduce fire damage, the machine is equipped with
sensors. They are connected to the installation control.
8. Working Principle of CL-P/Pre-Cleaner
In this zone, basic function is to open the fiber
tuft to smaller size and to clean the tuft
removing big size of trash but
smaller size of impurities which are trapped
between fibers is not removed here. Gentle
beating action but no picking is performed here.
