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StateEngineerOfficeWaterConservationProgram
                                                                                                                                                 FUNDED BY THE NEW MEXICO INTERSTATE STREAM COMMISSION.
                                                                                                                                                                                                               inviting. For New Mexico, it’s a water-smart and attractive way to landscape!
                                                                                                       PRODUCED BY SCHULTZ COMMUNICATIONS. DESIGNED BY GIANOPOULOS DESIGN. PHOTOGRAPHY BY CHARLES MANN.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     XERISCAPES ARE COLORFUL
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Xeriscaping makes an area colorful and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               juniper or yucca.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Zero-scaping uses lots of rocks and usually a
                                                                                               Landscaping with Native Plants of Texas and the Southwest by George O. Miller.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  efficient plants to create an oasis-like feeling.
                                                                                                                                        The Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf
                                                                                                                         Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke                                                                 Xeriscaping uses a wide variety of water-
                                                                                                                                             Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith Phillips                                                        scaping tends to be hot and less interesting.
                                                                                                                                                         Natural by Design by Judith Phillips                                                      Xeriscaping is lush and beautiful. Zero-
                                                                                                                                                                             Suggested reading
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        appearance and appeal.
                                                                                                                      Construction Services; and Dean Ricer, Living Desert State Park.                                                             nated approach, they are totally different in
                                                                                           Carol Schneider Dumont, and Hope Reed, Santa Fe Xeriscape Council; Pat Codd, Arrow                                                                    use less water than the traditional, turf-domi-
                                                                                            designer and consultant; Judith Phillips, Bernardo Beach Native Plant Farm; Mollie Toll,                                                            “zero-scaping.” While both of these landscapes
                                                                                           Special thanks to Curtis Smith, Cooperative Extension Service; David Cristiani, landscape
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Many people confuse xeriscaping with
                                                                                                                                                                           Acknowledgements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Xeriscaping vs. Zero-scaping
                                                                                                                                               505-827-3879
                                                                                                                                               WaterConservationProgram
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    In New Mexico, water-conserving landscaping is the natural choice.
                                                                                                                                               StateEngineerOffice
                                                                                                                                                                                                             a xeriscape can easily use less than one-half the water of a traditional landscape.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            landscape that uses plants selected for their water efficiency. Properly maintained,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   to create a visually attractive
                                                                                                                                                       efficient than traditional sprinklers.                              beauty and value of your property.        dry. The goal of xeriscape is
                                                                                                • For water-wise trees and plants, convert to drip irrigation–which is usually more                         also reduce maintenance costs–and increase the           word xeros, which means
                                                                                                     • Know your plants. Learn how much water they need, and don’t overwater!
                                                                                                                                                                                                              use can lower your water bill. Xeriscaping can            derived from the Greek
                                                                                                        your automatic sprinklers come on the day after a summer “monsoon.”)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Xeriscaping saves money. Reducing water               The term xeriscape is
                                                                                               • Adjust watering to compensate for seasons and rainfall. (In other words, don’t let
                                                                                                   • Water lawns during the cooler morning hours to avoid excessive evaporation.                            time you spend watering, fertilizing and mowing.          the natural environment.
                                                                                                                                            • Water plants–not sidewalks and driveways.                        This common-sense approach can reduce the             landscaping appropriate to
                                                                                                                                                                       and watering systems.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              use of bluegrass lawns and other thirsty plants.      be defined as water-efficient
                                                                                              • Water deeply but less frequently, keeping in mind the needs of specific soils, plants
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Xeriscaping saves time. It de-emphasizes the           makes sense. Xeriscape can
                                                                                                               Here’s how to save water no matter what kind of landscape you have.
                                                                                                                                                                       WateringTips                                                          reduce water use.         ed resource–xeriscaping
                                                                                                                                                                                                                other drought-tolerant plants can significantly     water is a precious and limit-
                                                                                                                                 in stages can be an excellent “do-it-yourself” project.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Xeriscaping saves water. Using native and             arid climate–and because
                                                                                             existing landscape to xeriscape. However, with a proper plan, xeriscaping your yard
                                                                                               • Hiring a landscape professional is probably the best way to completely convert an
                                                                                                                                                                                                             TheAdvantagesofXeriscape                                 Because of our state’s
                                                                                             landscape plan, you can convert to low-water-use plants one zone or area at a time.                                                                                   13 inches of rainfall per year.
                                                                                           • Xeriscaping doesn’t have to be an “all or nothing” proposition. After completing your
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Although rainfall can vary throughout the state, New Mexico averages less than
                                                                                                                   blue grama and buffalo grass need far less water than bluegrass.
                                                                                                                                                                                                             of our native plants have in common is the ability to survive on very little water.
                                                                                                • Consider converting to water-wise grasses. Native and low-water species such as



EnchantedXeriscape
                                       THE                                                                                                               plants are established, water less.                from the cool northern mountains to the hot deserts of the south, one thing most
                                                                                                 • Newly planted xeriscapes require additional water in the first year or two. After                        The natural landscapes of New Mexico are as varied as they are beautiful. But
                                                                                                         Here are some handy tips that can help create a successful xeric landscape.
                         inNewMexico                                                                                                                                 XeriscapeTips                                                                          WhatisXeriscape?
                 AGuidetoWater-wiseLandscaping
                                                                                                                     Appropriate Turf Areas                                                                   Xeriscaping uses the concept of “zoning.” By grouping plants with similar
ThePrinciplesofXeriscaping                                                                                              Let’s face it, Kentucky bluegrass isn’t native to New                             water needs together in specific “zones,” your landscape can use water more
    By applying xeriscape principles to your landscape, you’ll not only save                                         Mexico. While the statewide average is 13 inches of rain                             efficiently. Low-water-use plants should be grouped together, away from the high-
water–you’ll also enjoy the beauty and diversity of native and other water-wise                                      per year, Kentucky bluegrass requires 40 inches or more                              water plants and turf. Take advantage of warm or cool “microclimates” (the
(drought-tolerant) plants. Many delightful varieties of trees, shrubs, flowers and                                    to stay green and healthy. The difference in moisture                                actual climatic conditions around your property which can be influenced by the
grasses do very well in the climates of New Mexico. The following principles             must come from irrigation–lots of irrigation.                                                                    placement of walls and shade trees) to create areas of interest and diversity.
serve as a basic introduction to successful xeriscaping.                                     That’s why it’s important for New Mexicans to rethink lawns. Instead of
                                                                                         using a lawn to cover large areas, choose your lawn size and type to fit your family’s                                                    Efficient Irrigation
                                                                                         needs. Drought-tolerant grasses such as buffalo grass and blue grama grass may                                                             A well-planned and well-maintained irrigation system
                         Planning and Design                                             be substituted for water-thirsty bluegrass in many situations. Consider reducing the                                                     can significantly reduce a traditional landscape’s water
                            A beautiful xeriscape starts with a good design. The         size of your lawn and planting water-wise groundcovers and shrubs instead.                                                               use. For the most efficient use of water, irrigate turf areas
                         physical characteristics of the site should be considered–                                                                                                                                               separately from other plantings. Other irrigation zones
                         and so should your needs and your aesthetic preferences.                                                                                                                         should be designed so low-water-use plants receive only the water they require.
                            For example, here are a few of the considerations:                                                                                                                                Proper irrigation choices can also save water. Turf lawns are best watered by
•   Sun– What portions of the property receive hot, afternoon sun? What por-                                                                                                                              sprinklers. Trees, shrubs, flowers and groundcovers can be watered efficiently
tions receive morning sun and afternoon shade? The amount and time of sun                                                                                                                                 with low-volume drip emitters, sprayers and bubblers.
will affect the types of plants you choose.
•   Function– Do you need an outdoor living area? If so, consider expanding                                                                                                                                                       Mulching
the patio area with additional shade structures and low-water-use trees to pro-                                                                                                                                                     Mulches cover the soil and minimize evaporation, cool
vide privacy.                                                                                                                                                                                                                     the soil, reduce weed growth and slow erosion. Mulches
•   Views– Are there views you want to protect or screen? Know the mature                                                                                                                                                         can also provide landscape interest and offer protective
size of the plants you select to ensure the views and screening you desire.                                                                                                                                                       cover until plants mature. Organic mulches–including
•   Time– How much time do you plan to spend maintaining your landscape?                                                                                                                                  bark chips, wood grindings and composted cotton burrs–are commonly used in
If you’d rather enjoy your yard than work in it, choose low-maintenance plants.                                                                                                                           planting beds. Inorganic mulches, such as gravel and decomposed granite, can be
    A well-planned design enables you to convert to water-wise landscaping                                                                                                                                used to add texture and color under trees and around shrubs. (By the way, don’t
quickly or to install your xeriscape in phases. Whether you create your own                                                                                                                               use plastic underneath rock or bark. It prevents the soil from breathing and
design or call upon a landscape design professional, a properly designed xeriscape                                                                                                                        encourages shallow plant roots.)
can help meet your lifestyle needs.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Proper Maintenance
                         Soil Improvements                                                OUR ENCHANTED NEW MEXICO ENVIRONMENT IS A NATURAL XERISCAPE                                                                               Although most successful xeriscapes are low mainte-
                            To enable your soil to better absorb water, you may                                                                                                                                                   nance, they aren’t no maintenance. Keeping your xeri-
                         need to add soil amendments before you plant. The                                           Low-Water-Use Plants                                                                                         scape beautiful and water thrifty through a program of
                         water-retention abilities of most New Mexican soil is                                          Whenever possible, choose native and low-water-use                                                        well-timed mowing, fertilizing, pruning, pest control and
                         improved with the addition of organic matter. If you’re                                     plants. A delightful variety of water-wise plants can grow                           weeding will ensure that your landscape will develop beautifully.
landscaping with native plants, however, soil amendments may not be necessary.                                       in all of New Mexico’s climatic regions. Some are perfect                                To ensure continued water savings, keep irrigation systems properly adjusted.
Some well-adapted xeric plants prefer not to have too rich a soil. For these                                         for adding year-round greenery and texture; others are                               Properly maintained, a well-planned xeric landscape requires even less work as it
plants, doing as little as loosening the soil is all the soil preparation you’ll need.   great for adding seasonal color.                                                                                 matures–leaving you more time to enjoy your garden.
StateEngineerOfficeWaterConservationProgram
                                                                                                                                                 FUNDED BY THE NEW MEXICO INTERSTATE STREAM COMMISSION.
                                                                                                                                                                                                               inviting. For New Mexico, it’s a water-smart and attractive way to landscape!
                                                                                                       PRODUCED BY SCHULTZ COMMUNICATIONS. DESIGNED BY GIANOPOULOS DESIGN. PHOTOGRAPHY BY CHARLES MANN.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     XERISCAPES ARE COLORFUL
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Xeriscaping makes an area colorful and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               juniper or yucca.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Zero-scaping uses lots of rocks and usually a
                                                                                               Landscaping with Native Plants of Texas and the Southwest by George O. Miller.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  efficient plants to create an oasis-like feeling.
                                                                                                                                        The Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf
                                                                                                                         Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke                                                                 Xeriscaping uses a wide variety of water-
                                                                                                                                             Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith Phillips                                                        scaping tends to be hot and less interesting.
                                                                                                                                                         Natural by Design by Judith Phillips                                                      Xeriscaping is lush and beautiful. Zero-
                                                                                                                                                                             Suggested reading
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        appearance and appeal.

                                                                                                                      Construction Services; and Dean Ricer, Living Desert State Park.                                                             nated approach, they are totally different in
                                                                                           Carol Schneider Dumont, and Hope Reed, Santa Fe Xeriscape Council; Pat Codd, Arrow                                                                    use less water than the traditional, turf-domi-
                                                                                            designer and consultant; Judith Phillips, Bernardo Beach Native Plant Farm; Mollie Toll,                                                            “zero-scaping.” While both of these landscapes
                                                                                           Special thanks to Curtis Smith, Cooperative Extension Service; David Cristiani, landscape
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Many people confuse xeriscaping with
                                                                                                                                                                           Acknowledgements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Xeriscaping vs. Zero-scaping
                                                                                                                                               505-827-3879
                                                                                                                                               WaterConservationProgram
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    In New Mexico, water-conserving landscaping is the natural choice.
                                                                                                                                               StateEngineerOffice
                                                                                                                                                                                                             a xeriscape can easily use less than one-half the water of a traditional landscape.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            landscape that uses plants selected for their water efficiency. Properly maintained,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   to create a visually attractive
                                                                                                                                                       efficient than traditional sprinklers.                              beauty and value of your property.        dry. The goal of xeriscape is
                                                                                                • For water-wise trees and plants, convert to drip irrigation–which is usually more                         also reduce maintenance costs–and increase the           word xeros, which means
                                                                                                     • Know your plants. Learn how much water they need, and don’t overwater!
                                                                                                                                                                                                              use can lower your water bill. Xeriscaping can            derived from the Greek
                                                                                                        your automatic sprinklers come on the day after a summer “monsoon.”)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Xeriscaping saves money. Reducing water               The term xeriscape is
                                                                                               • Adjust watering to compensate for seasons and rainfall. (In other words, don’t let
                                                                                                   • Water lawns during the cooler morning hours to avoid excessive evaporation.                            time you spend watering, fertilizing and mowing.          the natural environment.
                                                                                                                                            • Water plants–not sidewalks and driveways.                        This common-sense approach can reduce the             landscaping appropriate to
                                                                                                                                                                       and watering systems.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              use of bluegrass lawns and other thirsty plants.      be defined as water-efficient
                                                                                              • Water deeply but less frequently, keeping in mind the needs of specific soils, plants
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Xeriscaping saves time. It de-emphasizes the           makes sense. Xeriscape can
                                                                                                               Here’s how to save water no matter what kind of landscape you have.
                                                                                                                                                                       WateringTips                                                          reduce water use.         ed resource–xeriscaping
                                                                                                                                                                                                                other drought-tolerant plants can significantly     water is a precious and limit-
                                                                                                                                 in stages can be an excellent “do-it-yourself” project.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Xeriscaping saves water. Using native and             arid climate–and because
                                                                                             existing landscape to xeriscape. However, with a proper plan, xeriscaping your yard
                                                                                               • Hiring a landscape professional is probably the best way to completely convert an
                                                                                                                                                                                                             TheAdvantagesofXeriscape                                 Because of our state’s
EnchantedXeriscape
EnchantedXeriscape                                                                           landscape plan, you can convert to low-water-use plants one zone or area at a time.
                                                                                           • Xeriscaping doesn’t have to be an “all or nothing” proposition. After completing your
                                                                                                                   blue grama and buffalo grass need far less water than bluegrass.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   13 inches of rainfall per year.
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Although rainfall can vary throughout the state, New Mexico averages less than
                                                                                                                                                                                                             of our native plants have in common is the ability to survive on very little water.
                                                                                                • Consider converting to water-wise grasses. Native and low-water species such as
                                       THE
                                       THE                                                                                                               plants are established, water less.                from the cool northern mountains to the hot deserts of the south, one thing most
                                                                                                 • Newly planted xeriscapes require additional water in the first year or two. After                        The natural landscapes of New Mexico are as varied as they are beautiful. But
                                                                                                         Here are some handy tips that can help create a successful xeric landscape.

                         inNewMexico                                                                                                                                 XeriscapeTips                                                                          WhatisXeriscape?
                 AGuidetoWater-wiseLandscaping



                                                                                                                     Appropriate Turf Areas
ThePrinciplesofXeriscaping                                                                                              Let’s face it, Kentucky bluegrass isn’t native to New
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Xeriscaping uses the concept of “zoning.” By grouping plants with similar
                                                                                                                                                                                                          water needs together in specific “zones,” your landscape can use water more
    By applying xeriscape principles to your landscape, you’ll not only save                                         Mexico. While the statewide average is 13 inches of rain                             efficiently. Low-water-use plants should be grouped together, away from the high-
water–you’ll also enjoy the beauty and diversity of native and other water-wise                                      per year, Kentucky bluegrass requires 40 inches or more                              water plants and turf. Take advantage of warm or cool “microclimates” (the
(drought-tolerant) plants. Many delightful varieties of trees, shrubs, flowers and                                    to stay green and healthy. The difference in moisture                                actual climatic conditions around your property which can be influenced by the
grasses do very well in the climates of New Mexico. The following principles             must come from irrigation–lots of irrigation.                                                                    placement of walls and shade trees) to create areas of interest and diversity.
serve as a basic introduction to successful xeriscaping.                                     That’s why it’s important for New Mexicans to rethink lawns. Instead of
                                                                                         using a lawn to cover large areas, choose your lawn size and type to fit your family’s                                                    Efficient Irrigation
                                                                                         needs. Drought-tolerant grasses such as buffalo grass and blue grama grass may                                                             A well-planned and well-maintained irrigation system
                         Planning and Design                                             be substituted for water-thirsty bluegrass in many situations. Consider reducing the                                                     can significantly reduce a traditional landscape’s water
                            A beautiful xeriscape starts with a good design. The         size of your lawn and planting water-wise groundcovers and shrubs instead.                                                               use. For the most efficient use of water, irrigate turf areas
                         physical characteristics of the site should be considered–                                                                                                                                               separately from other plantings. Other irrigation zones
                         and so should your needs and your aesthetic preferences.                                                                                                                         should be designed so low-water-use plants receive only the water they require.
                            For example, here are a few of the considerations:                                                                                                                                Proper irrigation choices can also save water. Turf lawns are best watered by
•   Sun– What portions of the property receive hot, afternoon sun? What por-                                                                                                                              sprinklers. Trees, shrubs, flowers and groundcovers can be watered efficiently
tions receive morning sun and afternoon shade? The amount and time of sun                                                                                                                                 with low-volume drip emitters, sprayers and bubblers.
will affect the types of plants you choose.
•   Function– Do you need an outdoor living area? If so, consider expanding                                                                                                                                                       Mulching
the patio area with additional shade structures and low-water-use trees to pro-                                                                                                                                                     Mulches cover the soil and minimize evaporation, cool
vide privacy.                                                                                                                                                                                                                     the soil, reduce weed growth and slow erosion. Mulches
•   Views– Are there views you want to protect or screen? Know the mature                                                                                                                                                         can also provide landscape interest and offer protective
size of the plants you select to ensure the views and screening you desire.                                                                                                                                                       cover until plants mature. Organic mulches–including
•   Time– How much time do you plan to spend maintaining your landscape?                                                                                                                                  bark chips, wood grindings and composted cotton burrs–are commonly used in
If you’d rather enjoy your yard than work in it, choose low-maintenance plants.                                                                                                                           planting beds. Inorganic mulches, such as gravel and decomposed granite, can be
    A well-planned design enables you to convert to water-wise landscaping                                                                                                                                used to add texture and color under trees and around shrubs. (By the way, don’t
quickly or to install your xeriscape in phases. Whether you create your own                                                                                                                               use plastic underneath rock or bark. It prevents the soil from breathing and
design or call upon a landscape design professional, a properly designed xeriscape                                                                                                                        encourages shallow plant roots.)
can help meet your lifestyle needs.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Proper Maintenance
                         Soil Improvements                                                OUR ENCHANTED NEW MEXICO ENVIRONMENT IS A NATURAL XERISCAPE                                                                               Although most successful xeriscapes are low mainte-
                            To enable your soil to better absorb water, you may                                                                                                                                                   nance, they aren’t no maintenance. Keeping your xeri-
                         need to add soil amendments before you plant. The                                           Low-Water-Use Plants                                                                                         scape beautiful and water thrifty through a program of
                         water-retention abilities of most New Mexican soil is                                          Whenever possible, choose native and low-water-use                                                        well-timed mowing, fertilizing, pruning, pest control and
                         improved with the addition of organic matter. If you’re                                     plants. A delightful variety of water-wise plants can grow                           weeding will ensure that your landscape will develop beautifully.
landscaping with native plants, however, soil amendments may not be necessary.                                       in all of New Mexico’s climatic regions. Some are perfect                                To ensure continued water savings, keep irrigation systems properly adjusted.
Some well-adapted xeric plants prefer not to have too rich a soil. For these                                         for adding year-round greenery and texture; others are                               Properly maintained, a well-planned xeric landscape requires even less work as it
plants, doing as little as loosening the soil is all the soil preparation you’ll need.   great for adding seasonal color.                                                                                 matures–leaving you more time to enjoy your garden.
T           H            E
                                                                       E                             N C H A N T E                                                                                                                                                             D
                                                                                                      X E R I S C A P E
                                                                                          One of the keys to creating a suc-
                                                                                          cessful xeriscape is planning for dif-
                                                                                                                                                    CreatingYourXeriscape                                                       Transition – Zone 2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     This intermediate zone takes
                                                                                          ferent areas of landscape use. By                                                                                                     advantage of low- and moderate-
                                                                                          putting plants into specific zones                                                                                                     water-use plants. The transition
                                                                                          based upon the functions you want
                                                                                                                                     Zone1 Arid                                                                                 zone is used to blend lush areas
                                                                                          your yard to serve and the water                                                                                                      with the more arid parts of the
                                                                                          needs of the plants you select, you        Zone2 Transition                                                                           landscape. These plants need
                                                                                          can create a water-efficient land-                                                                                                     infrequent supplemental watering
                                                                                          scape that is both beautiful and                                                                                                      (usually once a week or less).
                                                                                                                                     Zone3 Mini-Oasis
                                                                                          functional.
                                                                                               Typically, there are three                                                                                                       Mini-Oasis – Zone 3
                                                                                          xeriscape zones: arid, transition                                                                                                          Your “outdoor living room”
                                                                                          and mini-oasis.                                                                                                                       (where you spend the most time
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                outdoors) should be in or near a
                                                                                          Arid – Zone 1
                                                                                               Far away from the house and
                                                                                                                                                  SelectingtheRightPlants                                                       mini-oasis. This is the area nearest
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                to the house where the highest
                                                                                          removed from the most active                       Based upon your local climate (see the New Mexico                                  water-use plants are closely placed,
                                                                                          areas of the landscape, Zone1 land-            Climate Areas map below) and the water-use zones you’d                                 creating the lushest zone. The
                                                                                          scaping features the most drought-             like to create in your landscape plan, you’ll need to select                           mini-oasis zone includes the lawn
                                                                                          tolerant vegetation. Choose native                the appropriate plants. Use these three regional lists                              area (if any) – which is typically the
                                                                                          plants and other varieties that only                                as a starting point.                                              highest water-use area. This zone
                                                                                          rarely require supplemental water-                      Please keep in mind that this is merely a small                               also includes the shady north and
                                                                                          ing. Rainwater can be directed                    sampling of plants that will grow in the various areas                              east sides of a house – which are
                                                                                          toward these xeric plants with                and zones. There are literally hundreds of species that grow                            usually the coolest parts of the site.
                                                                                          land contouring to provide                      and thrive in New Mexico. For more information about                                      And, anywhere water collects–
                                                                                          virtually all the water                          additional plants to meet your landscape requirements,                                        off a roof or at the base of a
                                                                                          they need once the                                  contact a local nursery or landscape professional.                                              slope – can be turned
                                                                                          plants are well                                                                                                                                         into a mini-oasis.
                                                                                          established.




                                                           PRAIRIE CONEFLOWER Ratibida columnifera                 NORTHERN NEW MEXICO XERISCAPE This “outdoor room” is surrounded by islands of color. Flowering yarrow                              PINELEAF PENSTEMON Penstemon pinifolius
                                                                                                                   (at far left), coreopsis (foreground, center) and verbascum (foreground, right) provide bright yellows. Red penstemon
                                                                                                                   (foreground, center) and purple iceplant along the pathway provide additional color.


                                                                                            Zone1 Drought-tolerant plants–water only rarely                                                      Zone2 Water-wise plants–water infrequently
                                                                                            Perennials and groundcovers: Blue Euphorbia, Gayfeather,
                                                                                            Pineleaf Penstemon, Prairie Coneflower, Prairie Sage,
                                                                                                                                                                    NMClimate                    Perennials and groundcovers: Blanket Flower, Common Yarrow,
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Lamb’s Ears, Perennial Bachelor’s Button, Purple Coneflower,
                                                                                               Sunrose. Shrubs and accents: Apache Plume, Big
                                                                                                    Sagebrush, Chamisa, Littleleaf Mountain Mahogany,               Area1                        Snow-in-Summer, Wooly Thyme. Shrubs and accents:
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Cliffrose, Common Lilac, Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany,
                                                                                                        Sea Buckthorn, Wax Currant. Trees: New
                                                                                                            Mexico Locust, One-Seed Juniper, Piñon                 North /Mtn.                   Fernbush, Silver Fleece. Trees: Austrian Pine,
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Bristlecone Pine, Cockspur Hawthorne,
                                                                                                                Pine, Utah Juniper.                                                              Gambel Oak, Golden Rain Tree, Rocky
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Mountain Juniper.

                                                                    NMClimate                                                         Zone3 Mini-oasis plants–regular supplemental water
                                                                                                                                       Perennials and groundcovers: Blue Flax, Creeping Potentilla, Daylily,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          NMClimate
       SPOTTED GAYFEATHER Liatris punctata

                                                                   Area2                                                                  Gloriosa Daisy, Rocky Mountain Columbine, Silverleaf Potentilla.
                                                                                                                                          Shrubs and accents: Blue Avena, Boulder Raspberry, Butterfly                                                                     Area3                 BLANKET FLOWER Gaillardia




                                                                      Central                                                               Bush, Virginia Creeper, Western Sandcherry. Trees: Aspen,
                                                                                                                                                Bigtooth Maple, Blue Spruce, Japanese White Pine,                                                                          South
                                                                                                                                                      Kentucky Coffeetree, Littleleaf Linden.

                                                                   Zone1 Drought-tolerant plants–water only rarely                                                                                                                         Zone1Drought-tolerant plants–water only rarely
                                                                   Perennials and groundcovers: Blackfoot Daisy, Bush                         FARMINGTON                                      RATON                              Perennials and groundcovers: Blackfoot Daisy, Desert
                                                                   Morning Glory, Chocolate Flower, Gray Santolina, Paperflower,                                                                                              Marigold, Desert Zinnia, Parry’s Penstemon. Shrubs and
                                                                   Palmer Penstemon. Shrubs and accents: Apache Plume, Beargrass,                                          SANTA FE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         accents: Beargrass, Creosote Bush, Ocotillo, Prickly Pear Cactus,
                                                                   Bird of Paradise, Chamisa, Creosote Bush, Mormon Tea, Three-Leaf                                                                                    Texas Ranger, Turpentine Bush. Trees: Arizona Cypress, Coolibah,
                                                                   Sumac. Trees: Arizona Cypress, Desert Willow, Honey Mesquite,                      GRANTS                                                           Desert Willow, Honey Mesquite, Jerusalem Thorn.
                                                                   One-Seed Juniper.                                                                                                              TUCUMCARI
                                                                                                                                                               ALBUQUERQUE                                             Zone2 Water-wise plants–water infrequently
                                                                   Zone2       Water-wise plants–water infrequently
                                                                                                                                                                                    VAUGHN
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Perennials and groundcovers: Blanket Flower, Mexican Evening
                                                                   Perennials and groundcovers: Blanket Flower, Cotoneaster,                                                                                           Primrose, Prostrate Desert Broom, Prostrate Rosemary, Verbena.
                                                                   Mexican Evening Primrose, Purple Iceplant, Sedum, Spotted                                                                                           Shrubs and accents: Arizona Yellowbells, Autumn Sage,
                                                                   Gayfeather. Shrubs and accents: Chamisa, Cliffrose, Fernbush,                                                                ROSWELL                Chihuahuan Sage, Deergrass, Sugarbush Sumac, Texas Mountain
                                                                                                                                                                               RUIDOSO
                                                                                                                                                             T OR C
                                                                   Fountain Grass, Rosemary, Spanish Broom. Trees: Blue Atlas Cedar,                                                                                   Laurel. Trees: Chaste Tree, Chinese Pistache, Cork Oak, Golden
                                                                   Chaste Tree, Chinese Pistache, Desert Willow, Mexican Elder,                                                    ALAMOGORDO            HOBBS         Ball Lead Tree, Mexican Buckeye, Mexican Elder.
                                                                   New Mexico Olive.                                                          SILVER CITY             LAS CRUCES
                                                                                                                                                                                               CARLSBAD
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Zone3 Mini-oasis plants–regular supplemental water
                                                                   Zone3 Mini-oasis plants–regular supplemental water                                                                                                        Perennials and groundcovers: Creeping Lily Turf, Golden-
                                                                   Perennials and groundcovers: Blue Flax, Daylily, Honey-                                                                                                      Spurred Columbine, Lily of the Nile, Mexican Evening
                                                                   suckle, Snow-in-Summer. Shrubs and accents: Autumn
                                                                   Sage, Blue Avena, Burkwood Viburnum, Evergreen
                                                                                                                                                NewMexicoClimateAreas                                                              Primrose, Prostrate Rosemary. Shrubs and accents:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Autumn Sage, Deergrass, Desert Honeysuckle,
                                                                   Silverberry, Pampas Grass, Pomegranate. Trees:
                                                                                                                                        Several factors influence regional and local climatic conditions.                                   Evergreen Silverberry, Pomegranate, Redtip
CENTRAL NEW MEXICO XERISCAPE A dry streambed                                                                                              These include latitude, elevation, terrain, exposure and pre-                                                                                         SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO XERISCAPE Pink Mexican prim-
is framed by wooly veronica (foreground, left) and creeping        Arizona Sycamore, Japanese Pagoda Tree,                                                                                                                                     Photinia. Trees: Arizona Sycamore, Calif-        rose (foreground) thrives amidst the heat- and drought-toler-
                                                                                                                                           cipitation. Although there is no foolproof way to completely
thyme (foreground, right). Pineleaf penstemon provides bright      New Mexico Olive, Oklahoma Redbud,                                                                                                                                               ornia Fan Palm,Carolina Cherry Laurel,      ant prickly pear cactus. The beautiful purple flowering verbe-
red-orange flowers, while paper flower adds a dash of yellow.                                                                               account for these variations, this map can serve as a guide to                                                                                        na completes the garden.
                                                                   Southern Live Oak.                                                                                                                                                                   Lacebark Elm, Southern Magnolia.
In the background at right, fountain grass adds visual interest.                                                                         determining the appropriate plants and trees for your location.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ALL PHOTOGRAPHY BY CHARLES MANN

                         APACHE PLUME Fallugia paradoxa                                                                                                                                                                                                                          BLACKFOOT DAISY Melampodium leucanthum




                                                                                                                                    StateEngineerOfficeWaterConservationProgram
                                                                                                                                            FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT WATER CONSERVATION, CALL

                                                                                                                                                               1-800-WATER-NM
                                                                                                                                                                       (1-800-928-3766)

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The Enchanted Xeriscape: a Guide to Water Wise Landscaping in New Mexico - New Mexico State Engineer

  • 1. StateEngineerOfficeWaterConservationProgram FUNDED BY THE NEW MEXICO INTERSTATE STREAM COMMISSION. inviting. For New Mexico, it’s a water-smart and attractive way to landscape! PRODUCED BY SCHULTZ COMMUNICATIONS. DESIGNED BY GIANOPOULOS DESIGN. PHOTOGRAPHY BY CHARLES MANN. XERISCAPES ARE COLORFUL Xeriscaping makes an area colorful and juniper or yucca. Zero-scaping uses lots of rocks and usually a Landscaping with Native Plants of Texas and the Southwest by George O. Miller. efficient plants to create an oasis-like feeling. The Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke Xeriscaping uses a wide variety of water- Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith Phillips scaping tends to be hot and less interesting. Natural by Design by Judith Phillips Xeriscaping is lush and beautiful. Zero- Suggested reading appearance and appeal. Construction Services; and Dean Ricer, Living Desert State Park. nated approach, they are totally different in Carol Schneider Dumont, and Hope Reed, Santa Fe Xeriscape Council; Pat Codd, Arrow use less water than the traditional, turf-domi- designer and consultant; Judith Phillips, Bernardo Beach Native Plant Farm; Mollie Toll, “zero-scaping.” While both of these landscapes Special thanks to Curtis Smith, Cooperative Extension Service; David Cristiani, landscape Many people confuse xeriscaping with Acknowledgements Xeriscaping vs. Zero-scaping 505-827-3879 WaterConservationProgram In New Mexico, water-conserving landscaping is the natural choice. StateEngineerOffice a xeriscape can easily use less than one-half the water of a traditional landscape. landscape that uses plants selected for their water efficiency. Properly maintained, to create a visually attractive efficient than traditional sprinklers. beauty and value of your property. dry. The goal of xeriscape is • For water-wise trees and plants, convert to drip irrigation–which is usually more also reduce maintenance costs–and increase the word xeros, which means • Know your plants. Learn how much water they need, and don’t overwater! use can lower your water bill. Xeriscaping can derived from the Greek your automatic sprinklers come on the day after a summer “monsoon.”) Xeriscaping saves money. Reducing water The term xeriscape is • Adjust watering to compensate for seasons and rainfall. (In other words, don’t let • Water lawns during the cooler morning hours to avoid excessive evaporation. time you spend watering, fertilizing and mowing. the natural environment. • Water plants–not sidewalks and driveways. This common-sense approach can reduce the landscaping appropriate to and watering systems. use of bluegrass lawns and other thirsty plants. be defined as water-efficient • Water deeply but less frequently, keeping in mind the needs of specific soils, plants Xeriscaping saves time. It de-emphasizes the makes sense. Xeriscape can Here’s how to save water no matter what kind of landscape you have. WateringTips reduce water use. ed resource–xeriscaping other drought-tolerant plants can significantly water is a precious and limit- in stages can be an excellent “do-it-yourself” project. Xeriscaping saves water. Using native and arid climate–and because existing landscape to xeriscape. However, with a proper plan, xeriscaping your yard • Hiring a landscape professional is probably the best way to completely convert an TheAdvantagesofXeriscape Because of our state’s landscape plan, you can convert to low-water-use plants one zone or area at a time. 13 inches of rainfall per year. • Xeriscaping doesn’t have to be an “all or nothing” proposition. After completing your Although rainfall can vary throughout the state, New Mexico averages less than blue grama and buffalo grass need far less water than bluegrass. of our native plants have in common is the ability to survive on very little water. • Consider converting to water-wise grasses. Native and low-water species such as EnchantedXeriscape THE plants are established, water less. from the cool northern mountains to the hot deserts of the south, one thing most • Newly planted xeriscapes require additional water in the first year or two. After The natural landscapes of New Mexico are as varied as they are beautiful. But Here are some handy tips that can help create a successful xeric landscape. inNewMexico XeriscapeTips WhatisXeriscape? AGuidetoWater-wiseLandscaping Appropriate Turf Areas Xeriscaping uses the concept of “zoning.” By grouping plants with similar ThePrinciplesofXeriscaping Let’s face it, Kentucky bluegrass isn’t native to New water needs together in specific “zones,” your landscape can use water more By applying xeriscape principles to your landscape, you’ll not only save Mexico. While the statewide average is 13 inches of rain efficiently. Low-water-use plants should be grouped together, away from the high- water–you’ll also enjoy the beauty and diversity of native and other water-wise per year, Kentucky bluegrass requires 40 inches or more water plants and turf. Take advantage of warm or cool “microclimates” (the (drought-tolerant) plants. Many delightful varieties of trees, shrubs, flowers and to stay green and healthy. The difference in moisture actual climatic conditions around your property which can be influenced by the grasses do very well in the climates of New Mexico. The following principles must come from irrigation–lots of irrigation. placement of walls and shade trees) to create areas of interest and diversity. serve as a basic introduction to successful xeriscaping. That’s why it’s important for New Mexicans to rethink lawns. Instead of using a lawn to cover large areas, choose your lawn size and type to fit your family’s Efficient Irrigation needs. Drought-tolerant grasses such as buffalo grass and blue grama grass may A well-planned and well-maintained irrigation system Planning and Design be substituted for water-thirsty bluegrass in many situations. Consider reducing the can significantly reduce a traditional landscape’s water A beautiful xeriscape starts with a good design. The size of your lawn and planting water-wise groundcovers and shrubs instead. use. For the most efficient use of water, irrigate turf areas physical characteristics of the site should be considered– separately from other plantings. Other irrigation zones and so should your needs and your aesthetic preferences. should be designed so low-water-use plants receive only the water they require. For example, here are a few of the considerations: Proper irrigation choices can also save water. Turf lawns are best watered by • Sun– What portions of the property receive hot, afternoon sun? What por- sprinklers. Trees, shrubs, flowers and groundcovers can be watered efficiently tions receive morning sun and afternoon shade? The amount and time of sun with low-volume drip emitters, sprayers and bubblers. will affect the types of plants you choose. • Function– Do you need an outdoor living area? If so, consider expanding Mulching the patio area with additional shade structures and low-water-use trees to pro- Mulches cover the soil and minimize evaporation, cool vide privacy. the soil, reduce weed growth and slow erosion. Mulches • Views– Are there views you want to protect or screen? Know the mature can also provide landscape interest and offer protective size of the plants you select to ensure the views and screening you desire. cover until plants mature. Organic mulches–including • Time– How much time do you plan to spend maintaining your landscape? bark chips, wood grindings and composted cotton burrs–are commonly used in If you’d rather enjoy your yard than work in it, choose low-maintenance plants. planting beds. Inorganic mulches, such as gravel and decomposed granite, can be A well-planned design enables you to convert to water-wise landscaping used to add texture and color under trees and around shrubs. (By the way, don’t quickly or to install your xeriscape in phases. Whether you create your own use plastic underneath rock or bark. It prevents the soil from breathing and design or call upon a landscape design professional, a properly designed xeriscape encourages shallow plant roots.) can help meet your lifestyle needs. Proper Maintenance Soil Improvements OUR ENCHANTED NEW MEXICO ENVIRONMENT IS A NATURAL XERISCAPE Although most successful xeriscapes are low mainte- To enable your soil to better absorb water, you may nance, they aren’t no maintenance. Keeping your xeri- need to add soil amendments before you plant. The Low-Water-Use Plants scape beautiful and water thrifty through a program of water-retention abilities of most New Mexican soil is Whenever possible, choose native and low-water-use well-timed mowing, fertilizing, pruning, pest control and improved with the addition of organic matter. If you’re plants. A delightful variety of water-wise plants can grow weeding will ensure that your landscape will develop beautifully. landscaping with native plants, however, soil amendments may not be necessary. in all of New Mexico’s climatic regions. Some are perfect To ensure continued water savings, keep irrigation systems properly adjusted. Some well-adapted xeric plants prefer not to have too rich a soil. For these for adding year-round greenery and texture; others are Properly maintained, a well-planned xeric landscape requires even less work as it plants, doing as little as loosening the soil is all the soil preparation you’ll need. great for adding seasonal color. matures–leaving you more time to enjoy your garden.
  • 2. StateEngineerOfficeWaterConservationProgram FUNDED BY THE NEW MEXICO INTERSTATE STREAM COMMISSION. inviting. For New Mexico, it’s a water-smart and attractive way to landscape! PRODUCED BY SCHULTZ COMMUNICATIONS. DESIGNED BY GIANOPOULOS DESIGN. PHOTOGRAPHY BY CHARLES MANN. XERISCAPES ARE COLORFUL Xeriscaping makes an area colorful and juniper or yucca. Zero-scaping uses lots of rocks and usually a Landscaping with Native Plants of Texas and the Southwest by George O. Miller. efficient plants to create an oasis-like feeling. The Xeriscape Flower Gardener by James Knopf Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke Xeriscaping uses a wide variety of water- Plants for Natural Gardens by Judith Phillips scaping tends to be hot and less interesting. Natural by Design by Judith Phillips Xeriscaping is lush and beautiful. Zero- Suggested reading appearance and appeal. Construction Services; and Dean Ricer, Living Desert State Park. nated approach, they are totally different in Carol Schneider Dumont, and Hope Reed, Santa Fe Xeriscape Council; Pat Codd, Arrow use less water than the traditional, turf-domi- designer and consultant; Judith Phillips, Bernardo Beach Native Plant Farm; Mollie Toll, “zero-scaping.” While both of these landscapes Special thanks to Curtis Smith, Cooperative Extension Service; David Cristiani, landscape Many people confuse xeriscaping with Acknowledgements Xeriscaping vs. Zero-scaping 505-827-3879 WaterConservationProgram In New Mexico, water-conserving landscaping is the natural choice. StateEngineerOffice a xeriscape can easily use less than one-half the water of a traditional landscape. landscape that uses plants selected for their water efficiency. Properly maintained, to create a visually attractive efficient than traditional sprinklers. beauty and value of your property. dry. The goal of xeriscape is • For water-wise trees and plants, convert to drip irrigation–which is usually more also reduce maintenance costs–and increase the word xeros, which means • Know your plants. Learn how much water they need, and don’t overwater! use can lower your water bill. Xeriscaping can derived from the Greek your automatic sprinklers come on the day after a summer “monsoon.”) Xeriscaping saves money. Reducing water The term xeriscape is • Adjust watering to compensate for seasons and rainfall. (In other words, don’t let • Water lawns during the cooler morning hours to avoid excessive evaporation. time you spend watering, fertilizing and mowing. the natural environment. • Water plants–not sidewalks and driveways. This common-sense approach can reduce the landscaping appropriate to and watering systems. use of bluegrass lawns and other thirsty plants. be defined as water-efficient • Water deeply but less frequently, keeping in mind the needs of specific soils, plants Xeriscaping saves time. It de-emphasizes the makes sense. Xeriscape can Here’s how to save water no matter what kind of landscape you have. WateringTips reduce water use. ed resource–xeriscaping other drought-tolerant plants can significantly water is a precious and limit- in stages can be an excellent “do-it-yourself” project. Xeriscaping saves water. Using native and arid climate–and because existing landscape to xeriscape. However, with a proper plan, xeriscaping your yard • Hiring a landscape professional is probably the best way to completely convert an TheAdvantagesofXeriscape Because of our state’s EnchantedXeriscape EnchantedXeriscape landscape plan, you can convert to low-water-use plants one zone or area at a time. • Xeriscaping doesn’t have to be an “all or nothing” proposition. After completing your blue grama and buffalo grass need far less water than bluegrass. 13 inches of rainfall per year. Although rainfall can vary throughout the state, New Mexico averages less than of our native plants have in common is the ability to survive on very little water. • Consider converting to water-wise grasses. Native and low-water species such as THE THE plants are established, water less. from the cool northern mountains to the hot deserts of the south, one thing most • Newly planted xeriscapes require additional water in the first year or two. After The natural landscapes of New Mexico are as varied as they are beautiful. But Here are some handy tips that can help create a successful xeric landscape. inNewMexico XeriscapeTips WhatisXeriscape? AGuidetoWater-wiseLandscaping Appropriate Turf Areas ThePrinciplesofXeriscaping Let’s face it, Kentucky bluegrass isn’t native to New Xeriscaping uses the concept of “zoning.” By grouping plants with similar water needs together in specific “zones,” your landscape can use water more By applying xeriscape principles to your landscape, you’ll not only save Mexico. While the statewide average is 13 inches of rain efficiently. Low-water-use plants should be grouped together, away from the high- water–you’ll also enjoy the beauty and diversity of native and other water-wise per year, Kentucky bluegrass requires 40 inches or more water plants and turf. Take advantage of warm or cool “microclimates” (the (drought-tolerant) plants. Many delightful varieties of trees, shrubs, flowers and to stay green and healthy. The difference in moisture actual climatic conditions around your property which can be influenced by the grasses do very well in the climates of New Mexico. The following principles must come from irrigation–lots of irrigation. placement of walls and shade trees) to create areas of interest and diversity. serve as a basic introduction to successful xeriscaping. That’s why it’s important for New Mexicans to rethink lawns. Instead of using a lawn to cover large areas, choose your lawn size and type to fit your family’s Efficient Irrigation needs. Drought-tolerant grasses such as buffalo grass and blue grama grass may A well-planned and well-maintained irrigation system Planning and Design be substituted for water-thirsty bluegrass in many situations. Consider reducing the can significantly reduce a traditional landscape’s water A beautiful xeriscape starts with a good design. The size of your lawn and planting water-wise groundcovers and shrubs instead. use. For the most efficient use of water, irrigate turf areas physical characteristics of the site should be considered– separately from other plantings. Other irrigation zones and so should your needs and your aesthetic preferences. should be designed so low-water-use plants receive only the water they require. For example, here are a few of the considerations: Proper irrigation choices can also save water. Turf lawns are best watered by • Sun– What portions of the property receive hot, afternoon sun? What por- sprinklers. Trees, shrubs, flowers and groundcovers can be watered efficiently tions receive morning sun and afternoon shade? The amount and time of sun with low-volume drip emitters, sprayers and bubblers. will affect the types of plants you choose. • Function– Do you need an outdoor living area? If so, consider expanding Mulching the patio area with additional shade structures and low-water-use trees to pro- Mulches cover the soil and minimize evaporation, cool vide privacy. the soil, reduce weed growth and slow erosion. Mulches • Views– Are there views you want to protect or screen? Know the mature can also provide landscape interest and offer protective size of the plants you select to ensure the views and screening you desire. cover until plants mature. Organic mulches–including • Time– How much time do you plan to spend maintaining your landscape? bark chips, wood grindings and composted cotton burrs–are commonly used in If you’d rather enjoy your yard than work in it, choose low-maintenance plants. planting beds. Inorganic mulches, such as gravel and decomposed granite, can be A well-planned design enables you to convert to water-wise landscaping used to add texture and color under trees and around shrubs. (By the way, don’t quickly or to install your xeriscape in phases. Whether you create your own use plastic underneath rock or bark. It prevents the soil from breathing and design or call upon a landscape design professional, a properly designed xeriscape encourages shallow plant roots.) can help meet your lifestyle needs. Proper Maintenance Soil Improvements OUR ENCHANTED NEW MEXICO ENVIRONMENT IS A NATURAL XERISCAPE Although most successful xeriscapes are low mainte- To enable your soil to better absorb water, you may nance, they aren’t no maintenance. Keeping your xeri- need to add soil amendments before you plant. The Low-Water-Use Plants scape beautiful and water thrifty through a program of water-retention abilities of most New Mexican soil is Whenever possible, choose native and low-water-use well-timed mowing, fertilizing, pruning, pest control and improved with the addition of organic matter. If you’re plants. A delightful variety of water-wise plants can grow weeding will ensure that your landscape will develop beautifully. landscaping with native plants, however, soil amendments may not be necessary. in all of New Mexico’s climatic regions. Some are perfect To ensure continued water savings, keep irrigation systems properly adjusted. Some well-adapted xeric plants prefer not to have too rich a soil. For these for adding year-round greenery and texture; others are Properly maintained, a well-planned xeric landscape requires even less work as it plants, doing as little as loosening the soil is all the soil preparation you’ll need. great for adding seasonal color. matures–leaving you more time to enjoy your garden.
  • 3. T H E E N C H A N T E D X E R I S C A P E One of the keys to creating a suc- cessful xeriscape is planning for dif- CreatingYourXeriscape Transition – Zone 2 This intermediate zone takes ferent areas of landscape use. By advantage of low- and moderate- putting plants into specific zones water-use plants. The transition based upon the functions you want Zone1 Arid zone is used to blend lush areas your yard to serve and the water with the more arid parts of the needs of the plants you select, you Zone2 Transition landscape. These plants need can create a water-efficient land- infrequent supplemental watering scape that is both beautiful and (usually once a week or less). Zone3 Mini-Oasis functional. Typically, there are three Mini-Oasis – Zone 3 xeriscape zones: arid, transition Your “outdoor living room” and mini-oasis. (where you spend the most time outdoors) should be in or near a Arid – Zone 1 Far away from the house and SelectingtheRightPlants mini-oasis. This is the area nearest to the house where the highest removed from the most active Based upon your local climate (see the New Mexico water-use plants are closely placed, areas of the landscape, Zone1 land- Climate Areas map below) and the water-use zones you’d creating the lushest zone. The scaping features the most drought- like to create in your landscape plan, you’ll need to select mini-oasis zone includes the lawn tolerant vegetation. Choose native the appropriate plants. Use these three regional lists area (if any) – which is typically the plants and other varieties that only as a starting point. highest water-use area. This zone rarely require supplemental water- Please keep in mind that this is merely a small also includes the shady north and ing. Rainwater can be directed sampling of plants that will grow in the various areas east sides of a house – which are toward these xeric plants with and zones. There are literally hundreds of species that grow usually the coolest parts of the site. land contouring to provide and thrive in New Mexico. For more information about And, anywhere water collects– virtually all the water additional plants to meet your landscape requirements, off a roof or at the base of a they need once the contact a local nursery or landscape professional. slope – can be turned plants are well into a mini-oasis. established. PRAIRIE CONEFLOWER Ratibida columnifera NORTHERN NEW MEXICO XERISCAPE This “outdoor room” is surrounded by islands of color. Flowering yarrow PINELEAF PENSTEMON Penstemon pinifolius (at far left), coreopsis (foreground, center) and verbascum (foreground, right) provide bright yellows. Red penstemon (foreground, center) and purple iceplant along the pathway provide additional color. Zone1 Drought-tolerant plants–water only rarely Zone2 Water-wise plants–water infrequently Perennials and groundcovers: Blue Euphorbia, Gayfeather, Pineleaf Penstemon, Prairie Coneflower, Prairie Sage, NMClimate Perennials and groundcovers: Blanket Flower, Common Yarrow, Lamb’s Ears, Perennial Bachelor’s Button, Purple Coneflower, Sunrose. Shrubs and accents: Apache Plume, Big Sagebrush, Chamisa, Littleleaf Mountain Mahogany, Area1 Snow-in-Summer, Wooly Thyme. Shrubs and accents: Cliffrose, Common Lilac, Curlleaf Mountain Mahogany, Sea Buckthorn, Wax Currant. Trees: New Mexico Locust, One-Seed Juniper, Piñon North /Mtn. Fernbush, Silver Fleece. Trees: Austrian Pine, Bristlecone Pine, Cockspur Hawthorne, Pine, Utah Juniper. Gambel Oak, Golden Rain Tree, Rocky Mountain Juniper. NMClimate Zone3 Mini-oasis plants–regular supplemental water Perennials and groundcovers: Blue Flax, Creeping Potentilla, Daylily, NMClimate SPOTTED GAYFEATHER Liatris punctata Area2 Gloriosa Daisy, Rocky Mountain Columbine, Silverleaf Potentilla. Shrubs and accents: Blue Avena, Boulder Raspberry, Butterfly Area3 BLANKET FLOWER Gaillardia Central Bush, Virginia Creeper, Western Sandcherry. Trees: Aspen, Bigtooth Maple, Blue Spruce, Japanese White Pine, South Kentucky Coffeetree, Littleleaf Linden. Zone1 Drought-tolerant plants–water only rarely Zone1Drought-tolerant plants–water only rarely Perennials and groundcovers: Blackfoot Daisy, Bush FARMINGTON RATON Perennials and groundcovers: Blackfoot Daisy, Desert Morning Glory, Chocolate Flower, Gray Santolina, Paperflower, Marigold, Desert Zinnia, Parry’s Penstemon. Shrubs and Palmer Penstemon. Shrubs and accents: Apache Plume, Beargrass, SANTA FE accents: Beargrass, Creosote Bush, Ocotillo, Prickly Pear Cactus, Bird of Paradise, Chamisa, Creosote Bush, Mormon Tea, Three-Leaf Texas Ranger, Turpentine Bush. Trees: Arizona Cypress, Coolibah, Sumac. Trees: Arizona Cypress, Desert Willow, Honey Mesquite, GRANTS Desert Willow, Honey Mesquite, Jerusalem Thorn. One-Seed Juniper. TUCUMCARI ALBUQUERQUE Zone2 Water-wise plants–water infrequently Zone2 Water-wise plants–water infrequently VAUGHN Perennials and groundcovers: Blanket Flower, Mexican Evening Perennials and groundcovers: Blanket Flower, Cotoneaster, Primrose, Prostrate Desert Broom, Prostrate Rosemary, Verbena. Mexican Evening Primrose, Purple Iceplant, Sedum, Spotted Shrubs and accents: Arizona Yellowbells, Autumn Sage, Gayfeather. Shrubs and accents: Chamisa, Cliffrose, Fernbush, ROSWELL Chihuahuan Sage, Deergrass, Sugarbush Sumac, Texas Mountain RUIDOSO T OR C Fountain Grass, Rosemary, Spanish Broom. Trees: Blue Atlas Cedar, Laurel. Trees: Chaste Tree, Chinese Pistache, Cork Oak, Golden Chaste Tree, Chinese Pistache, Desert Willow, Mexican Elder, ALAMOGORDO HOBBS Ball Lead Tree, Mexican Buckeye, Mexican Elder. New Mexico Olive. SILVER CITY LAS CRUCES CARLSBAD Zone3 Mini-oasis plants–regular supplemental water Zone3 Mini-oasis plants–regular supplemental water Perennials and groundcovers: Creeping Lily Turf, Golden- Perennials and groundcovers: Blue Flax, Daylily, Honey- Spurred Columbine, Lily of the Nile, Mexican Evening suckle, Snow-in-Summer. Shrubs and accents: Autumn Sage, Blue Avena, Burkwood Viburnum, Evergreen NewMexicoClimateAreas Primrose, Prostrate Rosemary. Shrubs and accents: Autumn Sage, Deergrass, Desert Honeysuckle, Silverberry, Pampas Grass, Pomegranate. Trees: Several factors influence regional and local climatic conditions. Evergreen Silverberry, Pomegranate, Redtip CENTRAL NEW MEXICO XERISCAPE A dry streambed These include latitude, elevation, terrain, exposure and pre- SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO XERISCAPE Pink Mexican prim- is framed by wooly veronica (foreground, left) and creeping Arizona Sycamore, Japanese Pagoda Tree, Photinia. Trees: Arizona Sycamore, Calif- rose (foreground) thrives amidst the heat- and drought-toler- cipitation. Although there is no foolproof way to completely thyme (foreground, right). Pineleaf penstemon provides bright New Mexico Olive, Oklahoma Redbud, ornia Fan Palm,Carolina Cherry Laurel, ant prickly pear cactus. The beautiful purple flowering verbe- red-orange flowers, while paper flower adds a dash of yellow. account for these variations, this map can serve as a guide to na completes the garden. Southern Live Oak. Lacebark Elm, Southern Magnolia. In the background at right, fountain grass adds visual interest. determining the appropriate plants and trees for your location. ALL PHOTOGRAPHY BY CHARLES MANN APACHE PLUME Fallugia paradoxa BLACKFOOT DAISY Melampodium leucanthum StateEngineerOfficeWaterConservationProgram FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT WATER CONSERVATION, CALL 1-800-WATER-NM (1-800-928-3766)