The purpose of this Legal and Institutional Situation Report is to identify events that in the second semester of 2011 have impacted the legal and institutional systems as a continuation of previous studies. This report has been elaborated from the continuous and systematic monitoring and analysis of the group of facts, resolutions and situations that in our judgment have had the most influence in El Salvador’s legal framework, during the observed period. The report is structured around the strategic themes that guide the work of the Legal Studies Department: 1. Rule of law and Institutionalism, 2. Legal Certainty and Public Safety, 3. Business Climate and Commerce Regulation, and 4. Transparency.

1. LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL
SITUATION REPORT
Salvadoran Economic
and Social Development Legal Studies Department
Foundation

2. The elaboration of this Report
concluded on December 31th, 2011
ISSN 2218-6859
Key title: Informe de coyuntura legal e institucional
Abbreviated key title: Inf. coyunt. legal inst.
Salvadoran Economic and
Social Development Foundation
FUSADES
A publication of
Legal Studies Departament
The material in this publication is copyrighted.
Copying portions or all of this work without
permission may be a violation of applicable law.

3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2. ACRONYMS
3. INTRODUCTION
4. RULE OF LAW AND INSTITUTIONALISM
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Indicators
4.3. Inter-organ relations
4.4. Regulatory Activity
4.5. Law enforcement
4.6. Justice Administration
4.7. Municipalities
4.8. Electoral System
4.9. Conclusions
5. LEGAL CERTAINTY AND PUBLIC SAFETY
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Legal Certainty
5.3. Public Safety
5.4. Conclusions
6. BUSINESS CLIMATE AND REGULATION
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Indicators
6.3. Business Regulation
6.4. State Modernization
6.5. International Regulation
6.6. Conclusions
LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT 3

4. TABLE OF CONTENTS
7. TRANSPARENCY
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Indicators
7.3. Regional Transparency
7.4. Developments in Access to Public Information
7.5. Transparency’s System Performance
7.6. Conclusions
8. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
9. END NOTES
4 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT

5. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Rule of Law and Institutionalism
This semester has been characterized by the adjustment of the Electoral Regulations
to the unconstitutionality rulings that have expanded to a certain extent, to the right
of suffrage. The first regulations issued by the Parliament in response to these rulings
did not respect the interpretation given to the constitutional provisions; therefore,
new unconstitutionality actions were filed against these regulatory changes, which
ended in a second set of reforms to the Electoral Law, which finally, although with
some legal gaps, have guaranteed the right to run as a non-party candidate and to vote
for a specific person in the legislative elections.
Following on electoral matters, on the other hand, the uncertainty generated by the
lack of clarity in the cancelation process for PDC and PCN as political parties, and
the unpunished beginning of political campaigns before the legal periods, has been
negative.
Public opinion has criticized the delay in the election of some public officials such as
the Assistant Deputy Prosecutor which was appointed two years after the established
date, or the Chiefs of the Government Ethic Tribunal, whom at the closing of this
report had two months overdue for their appointment which is against the obligation
from the state on compliance to law aspects. Also a decision of Supreme Electoral
Tribunal taken without legal quorum is included in these public reactions.
Regarding the inter-organ relation and the separation of public powers, it can be
highlighted as positive, the eminent derogation of decree 743, a regulation that annulled
the functionality of the Constitutional Chamber from the Supreme Court of Justice,
by demanding all decisions in unconstitutionality matters were unanimous can be
highlighted as positive. A determining factor for the annulment was the participation
of civil society that defended the Constitution and became a decisive and important
factor on this issue.
Regarding inter-organ controls between the Executive and Legislative Bodies,
there is still, comparing to other presidential period, a high number of vetoes and
observations; however, the use of these mechanisms has been done with compliance
to the Constitution, and so there is no threat or damage against the Rule of Law
through this practice. There also haven’t been any systematic confrontations between
the two bodies in regards to their functioning.
Finally, the legislative activity has had an important emphasis in electoral issueds,
motivated partially by the unconstitutionality rulings on this matter. But it is relevant
to point out the approval of several important laws such as the Multipurpose Port
Terminal Specialized in Containers Concession Law, from Puerto de La Unión
Centroamericana.
LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT 5

6. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Legal Certainty and Public Safety
On Legal Certainty matters, during this semester is noted the rulings issued by the
Constitutional Chamber, are noted because they clarify that the law´s formation
process is unconstitutional as long as it is debated in the General Legislative Assembly,
even when it has been passed with a dispensation proceeding, meaning, whenever it
hasn’t been previously discussed.
On the other hand, for this period, the violence issued in El Salvador has maintained
alarming levels. Homicides, which constitute mostly used indicator to measure crime,
have accounted until December 31st, 2011: 4,354; 367 more than in 2010.
The safety component in the Partnership for Growth Initiative subscribed between the
United States and Salvadorean governments is a valuable opportunity to implement
norms and strengthen public safety, and the commitments acquired, are the most
concrete measures proposed by the government in the matter of safety.
The situation of prisons is still alarming despite the efforts made in the electronic
safety and the systematization of inmates information systems. Problems such as
overcrowding and inside murders still persist. The penitentiary farms are a novelty
and an interesting proposal in terms of rehabilitation, but the advances in the project
are still very small.
Business Climate and Commerce Regulation
The setbacks of the competitiveness index and the constant insecurity and lack of
suitable conditions for business characterized the business climate, partially explained
by the existence of various risks, such as the legal and political uncertainty and the
lack of public safety. However, the subscription of the Conjoint Action Plan from
Partnership for Growth between the United States and Salvadorean governments,
among other activities, generates an important opportunity to drive projects that
establish clear rules for a bigger and sustained economic growth.
During the semester, a positive highlight is the observation made by the President to
the Credit Card System Law reforms that avoided the approval of an unconsulted
regulation that would affect the consumer’s access to credit. On the other hand, there
is a setback in the arbitration regulation, due to the Constitutional Chamber’s ruling
that contradict the nature of the figure by allowing judicial participation through
the appealing resource. Also, another negative sign to the business climate, is the
approval of tax reforms on December 2011, without the extensive discussion needed
and in absence of a fiscal pact to include public expense. Also, another negative
aspect was the violation of the tax secret through the publication of confidential
fiscal information from several taxpayers.
6 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT

7. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In the state modernization’s agenda, the approval of the Puerto de La Unión
Centroamericana Concession Law and the end of the discussion in the Economic and
Social Council of the Public-Private Partnership Law, is noted as possitive because it
establishes clear rules and competences defined by the international public purchase
of the public infrastructure, expected to be discussed in Parliament next semester.
Transparency
Advances and setbacks in the state’s transparency agenda have characterized this
semester.
In the setbacks, the unconsulted creation and issuing made by the Executive body
of the Access to Public Information Law Regulation, a text with substantial errors
in content that may be considered as unconstitutional, specifically for the faculties
self-attributed by the Executive body: rejecting the list of candidates proposed by the
civil society for the election of the Access to Public Information Institute members;
and, the ability to declare the reservation of public information on the basis of
“political safety”, a broad and undetermined concept. These two inclusions can affect
substantially the implementation of this law. These types of attributions are to be
regulated exclusively by law in accordance to multiple precedents and rulings from
the Constitutional Chamber from the Supreme Court of Justice of El Salvador and
international standards.
Another negative aspect observed during the semester was the lack of appointment
from Parliament of the Government Ethics Tribunal’s President, as well as the
Audit Court’s, Public Ministry’s and Executive Body´s omission to appoint the three
remaining members of that same institution, being the SCJ the only one to appoint
the official in time. At the closing of this report, the institution remains chief-less
since November 1st, 2011, and there is no indication of an advance to come to a
consensus to elect the members over the basis of adequacy and independence.
Within the positive advances projected this semester, is the creation of the new and
strengthened Government Ethics Law, since this is a tool that sets to establish formal
proceedings of investigation and significant economic sanctions to public servers that
violate ethic principles.
Also, even if there have been substantial setbacks in the Access to Public Information
Law, there is a noticeable interest from the Anti-corruption and Transparency sub-
secretary and from the civil society in general. A hopeful expectation has rise from the
fact that a company has been hired to audit the Audit Court.
LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT 7

8. ACRONYMS
• APII: Access to Public Information Institute
• APIL: Access to Public Information Law
• ARENA: Nationalist Republican Alliance, political party*
• CAP: Conjoint Action Plan in Partnership for Growth
• CEL: Hydroelectric Executive Commission from Rio Lempa*
• CPI: Corruption Perception Index
• CS: Competition Superintendence
• DR-CAFTA: Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement
• ESC: Economic and Social Council
• FMLN: Farabundo Martí Front for National Liberation, political party*
• FUSADES: Salvadorean Foundation for Social and Economic Development
• GANA: National Unity Great Alliance, political party*
• GEL: Government Ethics Law
• GET: Government Ethics Tribunal
• GOES: El Salvador’s Government*
• IBD: Inter-American Bank of Development
• IMF: International Monetary Fund
• LACAP: Acquisitions and Contracting of the Public Administration Law*
• MESICIC: Mechanism for follow-up on the Implementation of the Inter-American Convention against Corruption
• NJC: National Judges Council
• OAS: Organization of American States
• PCN: National Conciliation Party, political party*
• PDC: Christian Democrat Party, political party*
• RIOE: Executive Organ Internal Regulation*
• SBA: Salvadorean Banking Association
• SCJ: Supreme Court of Justice
• SET: Supreme Electoral Tribunal
• SICA: Central American Integration System*
• SPA: Sea Port Authority
• TAS: Transparency and Anticorruption Subsecretariat
• UNCAC: United Nations Convention Against Corruption
• UNPD: United Nations Program for Development
• USAID: United States Agency for International Development
• WEF: World Economic Forum
• WJP: World Justice Project
• WTO: World Trade Organization
*its acronym in spanish.
8 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT

9. INTRODUCTION
The Legal and Institutional Situation Report from 2011’s second semester, has been
elaborated from the continuous and systematic monitoring and analysis of the group
of facts, resolutions and situations that in our judgment have had the most influence
in El Salvador’s legal framework, during the observed period.
The methodology is developed from an investigation based in the recollection
and monitoring of information from different trustworthy sources, that include
external sources such as media news and international indicators, among them:
the Doing Business Report from the World Bank, the Economic Freedom Index
from the Heritage Foundation, the Global Competitiveness Index from the World
Economic Forum, the Rule of Law Index from the World Justice Project, the
Corruption Perception Index from International Transparency, the Open Budget
Index from the International Budget Partnership, among others, as well as references
to FUSADES’ own production sources such as studies, reports and memorandums
from other departments like the Legal Studies Bulletin, Institutional Positions, and
information from the Judicial and Legislative Observatories, property of the Legal
Studies Department. Once obtained, this information is analyzed with the purpose of
determining its impact in the semester and compared with the data from the previous
semester.
The report is structured in four chapters that contain the strategic topics that guide
the work from the Legal Studies Department at FUSADES: 1. Rule of Law and
Institutionalism, 2. Legal Certainty and Public Safety, 3. Business Climate and
Commerce Regulation and 4. Transparency. In the development of each topic, the
contents are analyzed systematically, to compare them with the results in the report as
well as with previous studies from the Legal Studies Department, such as “Democratic
Institutions in El Salvador: Performance Valuation and Strengthening Plan I and II”,
elaborated jointly between FUSADES and the University of Salamanca, Spain. The
report closes with the most relevant considerations to characterize the period.
LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT 9

10. 10 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT

12. 1. INTRODUCTION
An established Rule of Law and a strong sense of institutionalism are essential to a
country’s development. This report analyses the national reality contrasted with the
ideal of the Rule of Law and Institutionalism that El Salvador needs to move towards
to; a critical judgment is made to evaluate if in the last six months there have been
advances or backward steps in this path, and when pertinent, some suggestions are
made to ensure the country is heading over that route.
To that effect, Rule of Law will be understood as: “A social situation in which a society
functions effectively by a self imposed regulation”. In other words, a state in which
society, in an overwhelming majority, subjects itself to the established legal rules1.
The concept of institutionalism on the other hand has a double dimension. From
a legal point of view, it is understood as the group of constitutional organs in the
state’s sovereign powers. Nowadays, these state fundamental organizations, its specific
functions, its faculties and competences are stipulated in constitutional provisions,
due both to their importance and the desire to establish immutability in time, which
is supposed to be inherent to the concept.
From the political science point of view, it is understood based on the studies of the
“Democratic Institutions in El Salvador: a Performance Assessment and Strengthening
Plan”2, which defines institutions as the game rule setters, creating incentives that
structure behavior of democracy participants, constitute available choices and accept
the elaboration of public policies by structuring the political election and determining
the democratic performance.
This report refers to legislative changes in the institution structure and their functioning
in compliance of these dispositions.
12 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT

13. 2. INDICATORS
2.1. Trust in institutions measured by the Latin-barometer 2011 Report
The Institutionalism component in this section, presents the findings from 2011´s
Latin-barometer Report, presented by the Latin-barometer Corporation3.
Institutions are essential to democracy, because they build the rules to political
competition, resolving collective problems and give structure to the exercise of
power4. On the other hand, trust is essential to institutions, because it is the result
from the perception that citizens have in whether or not the institutions fulfil their
responsibilities, the more trust, the more legitimate and respected they will be, which
in the long run, strengthens the system.
Graphic 1 shows four state institutions and the church. Since 2010, all of these have
increased their level of trust by citizens towards them.
Graphic 1. Trust in institutions 2010 and 2011 Table 1.
Assembly Da
Trust in Institutions 104 of 07- 06-3
07-2011 201
2010 2011 106 of 07- 07-1
21-2011 201
100
% of “a lot” and “some”
90 113 of 09- 09-1
14-2011 201
80
70 62 64
60 118 of 10- 10-1
27-2011 201
50 38
40 31 28 30 34 121 of 11- 11-1
30 22 25 22 17-2011 201
20 124 of 12- 11-3
7-2011 201
10
0
126 of 12- 12-1
Judicial Power Parliament Political Police Church 20-2011 201
Parties
Institutions
Source: 2. Observations from 2011’s second semester Report.
Table Elaborated with data from the Latin-barometer 2011
Assembly Date Observations Count Commentaries
116 of 09-29- Presidential Observations to the 1 Partially
Reforms to Wages Law next year 1
10-06- 2011 reforms on the Penal Code, related to accepted on 0
2011 honor crimes. 11-9-2011’s Reforms to Budget Law next year 1
0
Assembly 1
Lifetime Pensions Concession
118 of 10-14- Presidential Observations to the 2 Pending 0
1
10-27- 2011 reforms on the Credit Card System Law. Burial Authorizations
0
2011 Official Positions Exoneration 2
0
119 of 10-27- Presidential Observations to the 3 Overruled on 1
Foreign troops and ships Authorization
11-3- 2011 transitory disposition referred to the 12-20-2011’s 0
0
2011 electoral propaganda authorization. Assembly Person Nationalization
1
10-28- Presidential Observations to the 4 Partially RIAL reforms 0
1
2011 Government Ethics Law. accepted on 2
Wages Law next year
11-17-2011’s 2
Assembly 2
Budget Law next year
2
124 of 12-2- Presidential Observations to the General 5 Pending Special Budgets
0
2
12-7- 2011 Youth Law.
1
2011 Public Official Election
2
3
Treaty Confirmation
3
10
Loan Authorization
4
2
Reforms to Wages Law 5
60 7
Loan or donation Agreement 5
54
“a lot ” plus “plenty” responses
4
State’s asset transfer authorization 6
50
44 44 6
42 Honorific mentions granted
39 39 10
40 37 5
34 Authorization to receive official awards
32 32 31 11
30
30 28 5
Permanent Laws 11
21 0
LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT
20
19 19 19
16
12
Municipal Delimitations
Tax Exemptions 13
10

14. 3. INTER ORGAN
RELATIONS
Democracy as a government system implies the coordinated functioning of institutions,
so that they cooperate to promote the most convenient policies for the country. But
it also implies inter organ controls such as the checks and balances system to help
maintain the power leveled.
3.1. Vetoes and observations
One of the indicators regarding the relation between the Executive and Legislative
Organs is the vetoes and observations, meaning the control process between the
powers that the President holds over legislative decrees, because it may highlight the
lack of cooperation or confrontation between organs when the usage of this resource
is excessive.
This semester, as shown in tables 1 and 2, Parliament has received, 7 vetoed decrees
and 5 observations from the President. Compared to last semester, there are 4 more
vetoes, while 5 less observations. With these, the President now adds 23 vetoes and
41 observations in two years and a half of his administration.
In this period, again, there is a high average of vetoes considering the elapsed time; if
this pace remains, in 5 years there would be a total of 46 vetoes, which would be the
second highest number in the last 5 administrations, only behind Francisco Flores’
administration, which had 59 vetoes.
The comment made last semester about vetoes and observations was that this activity
followed a normal course of the inter organ control use and the inexistence of a
systematic confrontation is still valid. It’s worth highlighting that 5 from the 7 vetoes
have been issued by reasons of inconvenience, which implies an inter organ control of
political nature. With this, it can be said that the control has consisted in the President
considering that the laws approved are inconvenient or untimely, but not contrary to
the Constitution, with the exception of some reforms on the pro person vote.
It is noted that the present Parliament has for the first time overruled a veto from
President Funes, on the Tobacco Law. This is the same as saying that while the
President considered some elements of the law inconvenient, a qualified majority in
Parliament considered otherwise.
14 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT

15. INTER ORGAN RELATIONS
Table 1. Vetoes from 2011’s second semester
Table 1. Vetoes from 2011’s second semester
Assembly Date Veto Count Reason
104 of 07- 06-30- Presidential Veto over the reform to 1 Inconvenience
07-2011 2011 the decree that contains the Special
Law to facilitate the cancelation of
agrarian and agricultural debts.
106 of 07- 07-18- President Mauricio Funes veto to the 2 Inconvenience.
21-2011 2011 Tobacco Control Law. Overruled 07-22-
2011
113 of 09- 09-13- Presidential Veto over the transitory 3 Inconvenience
14-2011 2011 dispositions of the Industrial Promotion
National Bank and the Salvadorean
62 64 Investment Corporation Law.
118 of 10- 10-12- Presidential Veto over the reforms to 4 Inconvenience
27-2011 2011 the National Security Academy (NSA)
Organic Law.
30 34 121 of 11- 11-14- Presidential Veto over the reforms on 5 Unconstitutionality
17-2011 2011 the Electoral Law.
124 of 12- 11-30- Presidential Veto over the dispositions 6 Inconvenience
7-2011 2011 of payment options for people who
obtained financing to acquire shares of
private sugar production houses.
126 of 12- 12-19- Presidential Veto to the transitory reforms 7 Unconstitutionality
Police Church 20-2011 2011 of the payment options contained in
the special dispositions for people who
obtained financing to acquire shares
from the companies of sugar
production houses, according to the
established in the Sugar Production
House and Alcohol Plants Law.
Source: Elaborated with the Legislative Observatory Bulletin from n° 152 to n° 175
Reforms to Wages Law next year 1
0
Reforms to Budget Law next year 1 Regarding the observations, this semester, there were two observations overruled,
0 these were made last semester on the Territorial Order and Development Law and
Lifetime Pensions Concession 1
0 the reforms on the Agriculture and Fishing Promotion General Order Law. With this,
1
Burial Authorizations
0
all the observations made last semester are settled5. In this subject Decrees published in the O
Table 3. it is necessary to
Official Positions Exoneration 2 remember that Parliament does not have a deadline established in the legal system to
0
1 decide over observations, but observations have been solved in a reasonable time.
Foreign troops and ships Authorization
0 Institution
Person Nationalization 0 Transitory decrees issued by the Pr
1
RIAL reforms 0 Reforms to Extraordinary Budget fo
1
Wages Law next year 2 Audit Court
2
2 Ministry of Education
Budget Law next year
2
Tax Ministry
0
Special Budgets
2 Reforms to existing regulations and
1
Public Official Election
2 University of El Salvador
Treaty Confirmation
3 Ministry of Economy
3
10 Ministry of Public Health and Socia
Loan Authorization
4
2
Ministry of Agriculture and Farming
Reforms to Wages Law 5 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT
SIGET 15

16. Judicial Power Parliament Political Po
Parties
INTER ORGAN RELATIONS
Institutions
Table 2. Observations from 2011’s second semester
Table 2. Observations from 2011’s second semester
Assembly Date Observations Count Commentaries
116 of 09-29- Presidential Observations to the 1 Partially
10-06- 2011 reforms on the Penal Code, related to accepted on
2011 honor crimes. 11-9-2011’s
Assembly
118 of 10-14- Presidential Observations to the 2 Pending
10-27- 2011 reforms on the Credit Card System Law.
2011
119 of 10-27- Presidential Observations to the 3 Overruled on
11-3- 2011 transitory disposition referred to the 12-20-2011’s
2011 electoral propaganda authorization. Assembly
10-28- Presidential Observations to the 4 Partially
2011 Government Ethics Law. accepted on
11-17-2011’s
Assembly
124 of 12-2- Presidential Observations to the General 5 Pending
12-7- 2011 Youth Law.
2011
Source: Elaborated with the Legislative Observatory Bulletin from n° 152 to n° 175
60
54
Percentage “a lot ” plus “plenty” responses
50
44 44
42
39 39
40 37
34
32 32 31
30
30 28
21
19 19 19
20 16
12
10
0
Uruguay
El Salvador
Panamá
Chile
Rep. Dominicana
Ecuador
Brasil
Honduras
Costa Rica
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Argentina
Paraguay
Colombia
Guatemala
México
Bolivia
Perú
Latin America
Country
16 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT

17. 2011
113 of 09- 09-13- Presidential Veto over the transitory 3 Inco
14-2011 2011 dispositions of the Industrial Promotion
National Bank and the Salvadorean
62 64 Investment Corporation Law.
118 of 10- 10-12- Presidential Veto over the reforms to 4 Inco
27-2011 2011 the National Security Academy (NSA)
38 Organic Law.
25 22
28 30 34
4. REGULATORY ACTIVITY 121 of 11-
17-2011
11-14-
2011
Presidential Veto over the dispositions 6
124 of 12- 11-30-
Presidential Veto over the reforms on 5
the Electoral Law.
Unco
Inco
7-2011
of payment options for people who 2011
4.1. Legislative Activity obtained financing to acquire shares of
private sugar production houses.
wer Parliament Political Police Church 20-2011 2011 of the
follow up transitory reforms 7
Through the Legislative Observatory, there has been a dailypaymentto theon Parliament’s
126 of 12- 12-19- Presidential Veto
options contained in
Unco
Activity. In regards to its production, there has been a special dispositionsdecrees issued
the count on the for people who
Parties
during the semester, which have not necessarily turned into law. In total,acquire are 196
obtained financing to there shares
from the companies of sugar
decrees, classified according to various criteria, as shown in the following.
Institutions production houses, according to the
established in the Sugar Production
House and Alcohol Plants Law.
Graphic 2: Legislative Production 2011’s second semester vs. 2010’s second semester.
from 2011’s second semester
Count Commentaries
bservations to the 1 Partially
Reforms to Wages Law next year 1
e Penal Code, related to accepted on 0
11-9-2011’s Reforms to Budget Law next year 1
0
Assembly 1
Lifetime Pensions Concession
Observations to the 2 Pending 0
1
e Credit Card System Law. Burial Authorizations
0 Table 3. Decr
Official Positions Exoneration 2
0
Observations to the 3 Overruled on 1
position referred to the 12-20-2011’s
Foreign troops and ships Authorization
0 Institution
aganda authorization. Assembly Person Nationalization 0 Transitory d
1
Observations to the 4 Partially RIAL reforms 0 Reforms to E
1
thics Law. accepted on 2 Audit Court
Wages Law next year
11-17-2011’s 2
2 Ministry of E
Assembly Budget Law next year
2
bservations to the General 5 Pending Tax Ministry
0
Special Budgets
2 Reforms to e
1
Public Official Election
2 University o
Treaty Confirmation
3 Ministry of E
3
10 Ministry of P
Loan Authorization
4
2
Ministry of A
Reforms to Wages Law 5
SIGET
7
Loan or donation Agreement 5 New regulati
4
State’s asset transfer authorization 6 Supreme Ele
Honorific mentions granted
6 Permanent
10
5 Ministry of N
34 Authorization to receive official awards
32 32
30 31 11 Ministry of E
28 5
Permanent Laws 11 Ministry of E
21 0
19 19 19 Municipal Delimitations 16
Ministry of L
16
12 29 Cultural Affa
Tax Exemptions 25
16 Ministry of F
Budget Law reforms 28
18
Civil Aviatio
Transitory Laws and Law extensions 31
Honduras
Costa Rica
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Argentina
Paraguay
Colombia
Guatemala
México
Bolivia
Perú
Latin America
14 CONACYT
Reforms to existing laws 31
FICAFE
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Total
Country
Source: Elaborated with the Legislative Observatory Bulletin from n°. 152 to n° 175
Decrees issued were mostly legal reforms, transitory laws and law extensions. In
this semester, there has been an emphasis on the reforms of electoralTable 7. Resolutions reac
laws for the
upcoming elections, especially to the regulations on independent candidates and
unlocked lists. Category
Disciplinary Function
Judge Appointment
Other Administrative decisio
Jurisdictional decisions
Last minute's approval and a
modification
LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL SITUATION REPORT Various
17
Total