Integral university physiotherapy Development 2015-2016 Batch

1. Presentation on
Biomechanics
of Wrist Joint
MADE BY -
ADARSH PATHAK
BPT 3rd year

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
BASIC ANATOMY
LIGAMENTS
MUSCLES
KINESIOLOGY

3. INTRODUCTION
 The wrist (carpus) consists of two compound joints : the
radiocarpal and the midcarpal joints , referred to collectively as
the wrist complex.
 The major contribution of the wrist complex seems to be to
control length-tension relationships in multiarticular hand
muscles and to allow fine adjustment of grip.
 The wrist muscles appears to be designed for balance and
control rather than for maximising torque production.

4. BASIC ANATOMY OF
WRIST JOINT
 Wrist joint is a synovial joint of ellipsoid
variety between lower end of radius and
three lateral bones of proximal row of
carpus.
 Articular Surface:
Upper - inferior surface of the lower
end of the radius .
- articular disc of the inferior
radioulnar joint.
Lower – scaphoid ; lunate ; triquetral
bones.

5. LIGAMENTS
 The ligaments of the wrist complex are designated either –
extrinsic or intrinsic.
 Extrinsic ligaments are those that connect the carpals to the radius
or ulna proximally or to the metacarpals distally .
 Intrinsic ligaments are those that interconnect the carpals
themselves & also known as intercarpal / interosseous ligaments.
 VOLVAR CARPAL LIGAMENTS – it has three distinct bands
 Radiocapitate ; short & long radioulnate ; & radioscapholunate.
 RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT to maintain the stability
 ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT at radioulnar deviation

6.  On the palmar aspect there are two carpal ligaments :
 PALMAR RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT
 PALMAR ULNOCARPAL LIGAMENT
 On the dorsal aspect of the joint there is one ligament :
 DORSAL RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT

7. MUSCLES OF THE WRIST COMPLEX
 Six muscles have tendons crossing
the volar aspect of the wrist &
therefore are capable of creating
a wrist flexion movement.
 Flexor Compartment
 Palmaris longus
 Flexor carpi radialis
 Flexor digitorum profundus
 Flexor digitorum superficialis
 Flexor policis longus
 Flexor carpi ulnaris

8.  EXTENSOR COMPARTMENT
 The dorsum of the wrist complex is
crossed by tendons of nine muscles.
 Extensor carpi radialis longus.
 Extensor carpi radialis brevis.
 Extensor carpi ulnaris.
 Extensor digitorum communis.
 Extensor indicis proprius.
 Extensor digiti minimi.
 Extensor pollicis longus.
 Extensor pollicis brevis.
 Abductor pollicis longus.

9. KINESIOLOGY
 OSTEOKINEMATICS
 Flexion / Extension
 Axis - Coronal axis
 Plane - Sagittal plane
 ROM – (0 - 65 - 85 ) degree of flexion
 (0 -55 - 80 ) degree of extension
 Flexion is not pure , it is with ulnar deviation due to oblique
axis.
 Ulnar / Radial Deviation
 Axis - anteroposterior
 Plane - coronal plane

10.  ROM - (0 - 30 ) degree of ulnar deviation
( 0 - 15 - 20 ) degree of radial deviation

11.  ARTHROKINEMATICS
 Wrist Flexion / Extension :
 It follows CONVEX - CONCAVE rule.
 Roll & Slide will be in opposite direction.
 Dorsal Roll - during extension
 Ventral Slide - lunate moves on styloid process of radius.
 Extension at RadioCarpal joint:
 The convex surface of lunate rolls dorsally on radius & slides
ventrally.
 Flexion at RadioCarpal joint :
 The convex surface of lunate rolls ventrally & slides dorsally.

12.  Extension at MidCarpal joint :
 The convex capitate moves on concave lunate.
 Dorsal roll & Ventral slide.
 Flexion at MidCarpal joint :
 Ventral roll & Dorsal slide .
 Ulnar Deviation :
 Convex - concave rule.
 Scaphoid , lunate , triquetrum rolls on ulnar side while slightly
slide away radially in radial carpal joint.

13.  Radial Deviation :
 The amount of radial deviation is limited into impingment
against styloid process .
 Therefore , most of the radial deviation occurs at midcarpal
joint & hamate , triquetrum separate at the end of radial
deviation.

14. THANK
YOU !