1. SOCIALISATION
Meaning:
Infront- Biological organism with animal needs
Gradually moulded into social being
Learns of moulding- Socialisation
DEFINITION :
Ogburn- “Socialisation”- process to learn norms- To conform to norms
2. PHASES OF SOCIALISATION
1. Primary Socialisation
In infancy,childhood
Three sub-stages
i) Oral stage- Feeding time
ii) Anal stage- Toilet training
iii) Oedinal stage- Identifies with social rolls
2. Secondary Socialisation
Latter stage of childhood
It is continuous process
3. 3. Anticipatory Socialisation
Learning future roles
Watching others,how they behave
4. Develpoment Socialisation
When one grows,he changes and moulds
Identifies with society,values,norms
5. Re-Socialisation
Learns new ways of thinking,feeling
Where one converts into another religion
Re-socialisation occurs
4. ELEMENTS OF SOCIALISATION
1. Physical and psychological heritage of individual
Inborn physical and mental capacities
If defective- cannot socialise himself
2. Environment in which he lives
Environment influences socialisation
Good school, social equality,proper environment
3. The culture of the group
Culture of his group influence
Early or slow socialisation
4. Experience of the individual
Experience of individual
Influence socialisation process
5. FACTORS OF THE PROCESS OF
SOCIALISATION
1. Imitation
Children imitate others
Language acquired by imitation
2. Suggestion
Process of communicaing information
Suggestion influences behaviour
3. Identification
Through identification,he becomes sociable
4. Language
By language- one learns folkways,mores
6. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
SOCIALISATION,SOCIALITY,SOCIALISM
socialisation- inducing individual into social world
Sociality- a quality
Socialism- a theory-mass of production controlled by state
NEED OR IMPORTANCE OR VALUE OF SOCIALISATION
Individual learns folkways ,mores
Self of individual develops
It teaches culture
CHIEF AGENCIES OF SOCIALISATION
1. FAMILY
Child initiated
Learns toilet training
Learns language
Teaches norms,regulation
2. THE SCHOOL
For socialising children
To obey rules, regulations
7. THE PEER GROUP OR FRIENDS,PLAYGROUP OR
NEIGHBOURHOOD
Play mates,friends-same social position
1. Religion (The church)
To mould beliefs,ways of life
To learn religions practises
2. The state
It makes laws for people
Lays down modes of conduct
Punishments for violation of laws
3. Mass media
Radio,t.v.,influence entire society
8. THEORIES OF SOCIALISATION
Development of self-soul of socialsation
What he precieves himself
1. Theories of socialsation
Development of self –soul of socialisation
What he percieves himself
2. cooley’s theory(theory of looking glass self)
Our perception of how we look to others
How others evaluate our behaviour
3. Theory of durkheim( collective representation theory)
Beliefs,ideas,feelings,concepts shared by all members
Durkheim called it collective conciousness
Socialisation influenced by collective representation
4. Head’s theory(self-conciousness theory)
Me formed by socialisation
Me- internalised socialisation
I- unsocialised side of self
Development of self-both “I” and me
Role taking process
9. FRAUD
Id,ego,super ego
ID- institutional, unsocialised
EGO
It acts with reason
It discovers what is right, what is wrong
Action of individual guided by ego
SUPER EGO
It represents ideals,norms
Moral aspect of personality
It controls both id and ego
When conflict between the two it supports ego
Id- biological
Ego- psychological
Super ego- social factors
If id is strong
Ego weak
One becomes delinquent