11. The three accessory organs found in or near the oral cavity are the Tongue Teeth Salivary glands
12. The three accessory organs found in the abdominal cavity are the Liver Gall bladder Pancreas
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15. Converting large, complicated food molecules into glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids so they can be absorbed is ____________ digestion. chemical
16. What is the general name given to substances which perform chemical digestion in the digestive tract? enzymes
17. A common tube shared by the respiratory and digestive systems. pharynx
18. Subdivision of the pharynx located behind the nasal cavity is the: nasopharynx
23. Tonsils located in the laryngopharynx, at the base of the tongue, are called: Lingual tonsils
24. Tonsils located at the back of the nasal cavity are called the: pharyngeal tonsils
25. What is the main purpose of mechanical digestion? To increase the surface area of the food for enzymes to act.
26. A straight, collapsible muscular tube which lies behind (posterior to) the trachea and is about 1 inch in diameter and 10 inches long. Esophagus
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28. Rhythmic contractions of the smooth muscle layers which propel food through the digestive tract are called: Peristalsis or Peristaltic waves
29. The smooth muscle valve located at the end of the esophagus which controls the entrance to the stomach is called: Gastroesophageal or cardiac sphincter
31. A small region of the stomach very near the cardiac sphincter where the esophagus meets the stomach is the Cardia or cardiac region
32. The middle and largest portion of the stomach is called the ___________ of the stomach. body
33. This is the “cone-shaped,” terminal portion of the stomach. Pylorus or pyloric region
34. The smooth muscle valve that prevents back flow of material from the small intestine to the stomach is called the pyloric sphincter
35. The term used to describe the partially digested food once it has been mixed with the digestive secretions of the stomach. chyme
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37. A collapsible, muscular tube that extends from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the large intestine. Small intestine
38. The small intestine is the site where the majority of the _________ digestion of food and _________ of nutrients takes place. chemical absorption
39. The first 10 – 12 inches of the small intestine is called the duodenum
40. The middle section of the small intestine representing about 40% of its length is called the jejunum
41. The final portion of the small intestine, which represents about 60% of its length is called the ileum
42. _______________ project into the lumen of the small intestine where they are bathed in the intestinal contents. They function to increase _____________ of the intestinal lining for absorption. Intestinal villi surface area
43. A five foot long collapsible tube that is divided into two parts and is located between the small intestine and the rectum. Large intestine