Webinar topic: Building Indoor Wireless Network Presenter: Achmad Mardiansyah In this webinar series, We are discussing Building Indoor Wireless Network Please share your feedback or webinar ideas here: http://bit.ly/glcfeedback Check our schedule for future events: https://www.glcnetworks.com/en/schedule/ Follow our social media for updates: Facebook, Instagram, YouTube Channel, and telegram Recording available on Youtube https://youtu.be/_kJL6Tq5iqE

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Building indoor
wireless network
GLC webinar, 1 Jul 2021
Achmad Mardiansyah
achmad@glcnetworks.com
GLC Networks, Indonesia
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Source: mikrotik.com

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Agenda
● Introduction
● Review prerequisite knowledge
● Layered communication
● indoor wireless
● Mikrotik for indoor wireless
● Live practice
● Q & A
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introduction
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What is GLC?
● Garda Lintas Cakrawala (www.glcnetworks.com)
● Based in Bandung, Indonesia
● Areas: Training, IT Consulting
● Certified partner for: Mikrotik, Ubiquity, Linux foundation
● Product: GLC radius manager
● Regular event
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Trainer Introduction
● Name: Achmad Mardiansyah
● Base: bandung, Indonesia
● Linux user since 1999, mikrotik user since 2007, UBNT
2011
● Mikrotik Certified Trainer
(MTCNA/RE/WE/UME/INE/TCE/IPv6)
● Mikrotik/Linux Certified Consultant
● Website contributor: achmadjournal.com, mikrotik.tips,
asysadmin.tips
● More info:
http://au.linkedin.com/in/achmadmardiansyah
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Past experience
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● 2021 (Congo DRC, Malaysia): network support,
radius/billing integration
● 2020 (Congo DRC, Malaysia): IOT integration,
network automation
● 2019, Congo (DRC): build a wireless ISP from
ground-up
● 2018, Malaysia: network revamp, develop billing
solution and integration, setup dynamic routing
● 2017, Libya (north africa): remote wireless migration
for a new Wireless ISP
● 2016, United Kingdom: workshop for wireless ISP,
migrating a bridged to routed network

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About GLC webinar?
● First webinar: january 1, 2010 (title:
tahun baru bersama solaris - new year
with solaris OS)
● As a sharing event with various topics:
linux, networking, wireless, database,
programming, etc
● Regular schedule
● Irregular schedule: as needed
● Checking schedule:
http://www.glcnetworks.com/schedule
● You are invited to be a presenter
○ No need to be an expert
○ This is a forum for sharing: knowledge,
experiences, information
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Please introduce yourself
● Your name
● Your company/university?
● Your networking experience?
● Your mikrotik experience?
● Your expectation from this course?
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Prerequisite
● This presentation some prerequisite knowledge
● We assume you already know:
○ RF terms
○ Routing
○ Security concepts
○ Encryption
○ Mikrotik basics
○ Mikrotik packet flow
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Review prerequisite knowledge
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7 OSI layer & protocol
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● OSI layer Is a conceptual model from ISO
(International Standard Organization) for project
OSI (Open System Interconnection)
● When you send a message with a courier, you
need to add more info to get your message arrived
at the destination (This process is called
encapsulation)
● What is protocol
○ Is a set of rules for communication
○ Available on each layer
● Communication consist of series encapsulation
○ SDU: service data unit (before PDU)
○ PDU: protocol data unit (after header is added)

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Layered model (TCP/IP vs ISO) and encapsulation
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/ datagram

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Did you notice?
● There is a big overhead on encapsulation process
● More encapsulation means less payload?
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802.11 header
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Radio Frequency (RF), checklist
● Wave properties: f, A, period, wavelength,
phase
● Analog bandwidth vs digital bandwidth
● Modulation: FSK, ASK, PSK, QAM
● Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS0,
MCS1, etc
● The Shannon-hartley theorem (channel
capacity)
● Electricity and magnetism
● Wireless communication properties: channel,
channel-width, signal strength, coverage
● Simplex vs duplex, full duplex vs half duplex
● Wifi standards: 802.11a/b/g/n/ac
● Standard organisation (ITU-R, US FCC,
IEEE, ISO, postel - indonesia)
● Wireless regulation: frequency,
channel-width, intentional- radiator, eirp,
indoor vs outdoor usage
●
● RF behaviour: propagation, absorption,
reflection, scattering, refraction, diffraction, loss,
free-space path loss (FSPL), multipath, gain
● Power comparison: bel, decibel, milibel
● Unit of power: watt, dbm, db, dbi
● RF components: TX, RX, IR, EIRP
● Link budget calculation (dbm)
● Noise: noise floor, signal vs noise (SNR)
● CCQ: client connection quality
● L2 retransmission
● RX sensitivity
● TX power vs data-rate
●
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RF signal and antenna, checklist
● Azimuth and elevation chart
● Radiation pattern
● Antenna directionality (omni, directional)
● Antenna type (omni, patch, yagi, sectoral,
grid, solid disc)
● Antenna gain
● Antenna beamwidth
● Antenna polarization (H, V, X)
● Antenna Front-to-Back Ratio
● Antenna Port to Port Isolation
● Beamforming
● Fresnel zone
● Antenna diversity (SISO, MIMO)
● Antenna accessories (cables, connectors,
POE, plitter, amplifier, attenuation, lighting
arrestor, grounding, radome, sleeve)
●
●
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802.11 standards, checklist
● Channel-width
● Frequency band
● Access Point vs station
● Physical topology:
○ PTP
○ PTMP
● CSMA-CD vs CSMA-CA (hidden node issue)
● Topology: Distributed system (DS) vs
Wireless Distributed System (WDS)
●
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Wireless on mikrotik, checklist
Hardware
● wireless card
● built-in hardware
●
Software features
● Registration table
● Scan tool
● Snooper
● Frequency usage
● Spectral scan
● Spectrum analyzer
● Alignment
● Sniffer
● Regulatory domain
● Data-rate policy (modulation)
● TX power policy
● Multiple chain
● Access list vs connect list
● Wireless security (WPE, WPA, WPA2, frame
protection)
● TX data-rate
● Mikrotik proprietary wireless protocol (nstreme,
nv2)
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Indoor wireless
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indoor Wireless
● Located in indoor environment, closed
space
● Mostly PTMP
●
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Indoor Wireless components
● Radio Equipment/Access point (AP)
● Power On Ethernet (POE)
● A (very) good cable system
● AP Controller
● Layer 3 devices
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Indoor installation
● Location is important (layout is your friend)
● Wireless survey is VERY recommended
● Safety first!!
● Plan before run, use checklist
● Out-of-band device
● Communication devices between sites
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Source: edimax.com

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Mikrotik for indoor wireless
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Mikrotik indoor
wireless products
Wireless categories:
● Indoor
○ Usually have mounting
○ Lowest power
● Outdoor
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Product selection
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Wireless controller (CAPSMAN)
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About CAPsMAN
● Offers enterprise features: centralised platform to manage AP
● Software based, free to use
● Available since 6.11, CAPsMAN v1 (march 2014)
● Now its CAPsMAN v2 (since 6.22, nov 2014). Recommended version, not
compatible to v1
● CAP: controlled AP
● CAPsMAN: CAP manager
(AP controller)
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Layer 2
● CAP and CAPsMAN are in the same
network
CAPsMAN - CAP connectivity
Layer 3 (recomm.)
● CAP and CAPsMAN are in different
network
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CAP CAP
CAP
POE switch
CAPs
MAN
RO
ISP
RO
CAP CAP
CAP
POE switch
CAPs
MAN
RO
ISP
RO

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CAPsMAN configuration concepts
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Channels | datapath | security cfg | rates
configuration
CAP interface
Provisioning rules

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Channels | datapath | security cfg | rates
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Wireless survey
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Wireless survey
● Process of planning and designing a wireless network, to provide a wireless
solution that will deliver the required wireless coverage, data rates, network
capacity, roaming capability and quality of service (QoS)
● Objective: identify optimum installation locations for access points
● Aka. RF (Radio Frequency) site survey or wireless survey
● Requires:
○ Physical visit
○ building floor plans
○ use of site survey tools
○ Interviews with stake holders
● Some indicator:
○ Signal to noise ratio (SNR)
○ Upload
○ Download
○ interference
●
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Wireless survey case study:
AP location
www.telkomuniversity.ac.id 33
- AP is located outside the rooms
- To cover 2 rooms (A103 & A104)
- Is this enough?
Lets survey….

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Signal to noise ratio (SNR)
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Download test…
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Some myths
● Wireless is difficult, cannot be seen -> use wireless tool, to visualise the
spectrum
● Brand determines the performance -> The location is more important
● Wireless is complex -> get a correct understanding of how wireless works
● Add more bandwidth solves everything -> depends on location
● We do not need wire -> wire is still needed as its more reliable and has more
physical bandwidth
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LIVE practice
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preparation
● SSH client
● SSH parameters
○ SSH address
○ SSH port
○ SSH username
○ SSH password
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Q & A
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Interested? Just come to our training...
● Topics are arranged in systematic and logical way
● You will learn from experienced teacher
● Not only learn the materials, but also sharing experiences, best-practices, and
networking
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End of slides
● Thank you for your attention
● Please submit your feedback: http://bit.ly/glcfeedback
● Find our further event on our website : https://www.glcnetworks.com/en/
● Like our facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/glcnetworks
● Slide: https://www.slideshare.net/glcnetworks/
● Recording (youtube): https://www.youtube.com/c/GLCNetworks
● Stay tune with our schedule
● Any questions?
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