2. Why UAV Drone : Applications
Compared to conventional aircraft, using a micro drone to carry out
such mapping tasks is much easier and more efficient. The flight path
over a specific area can be generated automatically.
• Remote sensing and photogrammetry
• Surveying & mapping of earthquakes
• Tidal mapping
• Mapping of industrial zones
• Mapping of excavation sites
• Surveying & mapping of flooding
• Mapping of the spread of algae
• Forestry surveying
• Mapping of Vegetation
• Precision agriculture
• Surveying & mapping of landslides
• Surveying & mapping of tsunamis
• Agriculture - GIS applications
Mapping
Sample of Use • Geophysical mapping
• Mapping of coastal areas
• Surveying & mapping of catastrophes
• Surveying & mapping of mudslides
• Surveying & mapping of volcanic
eruptions
• Agriculture – mapping plant growth
• Mapping shifts in sandbars
• Mapping sandbar measurements
3. Why UAV Drone : Applications - continued
Monitoring
Sample of Use
• Coastal and maritime traffic
surveillance
• Surveillance of large events
• Surveillance of illegal activities
• Deployment against human
trafficking – monitoring &
surveillance
• Countering smuggling , drugs
• Protection against illegal
mining
• Forestry – monitoring tree
growth and disease
Anti-terror operations
Monitoring of tsunami
Nuclear accidents – monitoring of
contamination
Traffic surveillance
Environmental monitoring
Road traffic surveillance
Monitoring of flooding
Monitoring catastrophe, such as: volcanic
eruptions, earthquake, tsunami
Surveillance of farming work
A serious disadvantage of helicopters and planes in surveillance work is the high
level of noise which they emit. The highly efficient electric motors developed has
allowed discrete and almost silent surveillance. With additional software enables
a direct data transfer to the ground station, so the surveillance operation can be
coordinated in real time.
4. Why UAV Drone : Applications - continued
Drone allows you to capture breathtaking aerial shots quickly and inexpensively.
With GPS-Position-Hold technology, blur-free images can be achieved even in strong winds.
Aerial Photo and Videography
5. Why UAV Drone : Comparing the aircraft
Cost
UAV Full Size Aircraft
Low cost operation and
high resolution images
Relatively expensive and
medium resolution images
Simplicity
Light weight and
easy to transport
Heavy and required
more space
Imagery result
Aerial imagery at a resolution of
down to < 2 cm/pixel.
Aerial imagery at a resolution of
down to 10 cm/pixel.
Flexibility Can fly at variety of altitudes
depending on data collection
needs
Strictly limited to high altitude
according to regulation
6. UAV Drone Technology
Drone Capabilities
Operate on fully automatic mode
(take off, fly to directions and landing)
Image quality is fulfill the
requirement (HD, 1080, 720, VGA)
Flight time with reasonable payload
(water resistance is optional)
Sensor result:
Video, Thermal, Infrared, etc
Communication with Ground Control
(Telemetry technology)
3 Axis sensor gimbal is optional for
image stabilization system
Live Video Output:
• High Quality HD (< 1.5 Km using 2.4 Ghz)
• Medium Quality (< 5 Km using 5.8 Ghz)
• Low Quality (> 7 Km using 1.2 Ghz)
Ideal condition is Required:
Higher Ground Control Location with low
frequency noise surrounding area
Zoom capabilities is optional for
precision result
Sensor Capabilities
7. Sensor Results
High Quality Image
Sample: Mount Kelud Eruption
Thermal Image
Sample: Smuggler caught by U.S Navy
Post Processing Image
Output: 3D landscape (DEM), NDVI, 2D map, panoramic
8. Performances
APM
Mapping Area
Using Canon S100 camera & 50% side lap
in single flight will produce maximum:
+ 100 Ha with 10 cm ground resolution
& 200m altitude flight
or
+ 200 Ha with 15 cm ground resolution
& 300m altitude flight
Flight Duration
Able to fly for 20 - 50 minutes
*without additional payload
Travel Speed
Maximum travel speed up to
50Km/h
Travel Distance
Covering > 30 Km distance
Safety & Redundancy
On certain version using coaxial
motor configuration
(2 motor up side down each arm)
allow safety & redundancy in case
of failure on a propeller
or a motor system
9. APM
Telemetry
433 MHz Air Module
Radio Telemetry
Fixhawk Flight Controller
Fixhawk board with 3-axis gyro, accelerometer
and Digital compass powered by HMC5883L
chip, along with a high-performance
barometer
http://copter.ardupilot.com
Flight Modes
Auto Mission for Mapping & other purposes with unlimited aypoint
Auto Takeoff and Auto Landing
Basic Flight Mode: Alt & Position Hold, Stabilize, Loiter
GPS Module
u-blox NEO-6M
UAV Ground Station
Ground Telemetry Module on
Laptop or Android device
running Mission Planner
to control and monitor UAV
(not included)
Camera Gimbal Stabilization
3 Axis stabilization gimbal
(not included)
Aerial View
UAV Autopilot Specification
10. Flight area survey to determine the best flight route,
ground control point, altitude and light condition.
Flight plan include overlap, side lap, camera setting,
altitude, angle & fight speed.
Pre Flight Process
UAV flight with predefine route.
Automatic image shooting trigger according to
the distance of travel with infrared trigger mechanism.
Different camera payload for variety of image result.
Image Acquisition Process
Image processing include geo tagging, mosaic image
stitching, generate 3D & NDVI map.
Further image analysis to support management decision.
Post Flight Process
UAV Flight & Imagery Process
