An innovative cogeneration system based on SOFC, ground source heat pump (GSHP) and a Stirling engine is proposed for residential purpose combined with electrical mobility.

1. THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF A
SHARED COGENERATION SYSTEM AND
ELECTRICAL MOBILITY LOCATED IN A
NORTHERN EUROPE CLIMATE
Giulio Vialetto, Marco Noro and Masoud Rokni

2. Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
ENERGY REQUEST
ELECTRICITY – USER REQUEST
HEATING – DHW AND SPACE HEATING
ELECTRICITY – ELECTRIC MOBILITY

3. Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
DME
ETHANOL
METHANOL
AMMONIA
NG

4. Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
WHY DO WE USE DIFFERENT FUELS?
WHY DO WE CONSIDER A STIRLING ENGINE?
• SOFC are extremely versatile on fuels - They
need only to change fuel pre-reformer system
• Nowadays each fuel proposed has advantages
and disadvantages – No one has been defined
better than the others.
• Stirling engine is proposed to innovate H/P ratio management
• Stirling engine is proposed to boost battery charge of electric cars

5. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
• Fuel cell system proposed changes with
different fuel: ammonia do not need fuel
preheater, DME, ethanol and methanol need a
methanator while NG requires also a
desulphuriser and a CPO
• Simulation of an inverter for DC/AC conversion
with 92% of efficiency
• Energy consumption of auxiliaries is considered
with a lower overall efficiency
• Stirling engine recover heat from wasted gases
only is switched on
SOFC

6. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
SOFC
If stirling engine is switched on (LEFT), it recovers heat after burner. Waste heat for space
heating and DHW is recover after stirling engine.
If stirling engine is switched off (RIGHT), heat is recovered directly after burner.

7. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
• A water tank is used to store hot water to
prevent heat losses if is recovered more heat
than user request
• Ground source heat pump is used to produce
heat when request is higher than heat available
from SOFC
• An electric heater is used as an auxiliary system
for heat peak demand
OTHER COMPONENT OF THE SYSTEM

8. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
Different types of strategies are proposed to achieve high performances of the system:
• EEL, Electric equivalent load, this strategy combines heat and electricity
demand of user (without electricity request from electric car) to manage
SOFC electricity production, considering that a part of the heat demand is
covered by ground source heat pump.
• CEC, Charging of Electric Car, to prevent electricity consumption from grid
when electric car is on charge.
• PS, Peak Shaving, this strategy is proposed to shave heat peak demand
using heat recovered when electric car is charged.
• MSE, Managing Stirling Engine, when to switch on or off stirling engine. It
is switched on primarily when waste heat is unused, electric car is on
charge or heat demand is low. Otherwise it is switched off.
STRATEGIES PROPOSED

9. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)

10. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)

11. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
A thermodynamics
analysis is
performed using
%PES benchmark:
it compares
primary energy
consumption of a
traditional user
and the innovative
system proposed
with different fuels

12. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
Energy fluxes for system fueled by natural gas (kWh)

13. OVERVIEW MODEL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONSTRATEGIES
Thermodynamic analysis of a shared cogeneration system and electrical mobility located in a Northern Europe climate
(Vialetto G., Noro M. and Rokni M.)
• Even if different fuels are proposed, system proposed could achieve
%PES higher than 45%
• System proposed has a high versatility on fuels used and user energy
request
• Electric car is charged using a cogenerator during night when usually
electricity request is low: it provides waste heat to use peak hours
and reduces both energy request to cover heat demand and reduce
nominal power of ground source heat pump
• Strategies proposed boost overall efficiency of the system
• System proposed could help to manage conversion from traditional
system based on fossil fuels to renewable fuels and electric mobility
CONCLUSION

14. THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
ANY QUESTION?
CONTACT
E-Mail: giulio@giuliovialetto.it
Site: www.giuliovialetto.it