Minsup Kim

1. 7 Countries Project Minsup Kim

2. Guinea

3. Maps Political Map of Guinea Geographical Map of Guinea

5. Geographic Features Fauna – Animals: Common Chimpanzee, Red River Hog, BitisGabonica Rhinoceros, Guinea Turaco Fauna – Insects: JunodiaLameyi Flora: DroseraMadagascariensis, ImperataCylindrica, AvicenniaGerminans

6. Geographic Features Special Points of Interest Natural Hazards: hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season Infectious diseases: high degree of risk; malaria and yellow fever; diarrhea Guinea has the wettest capital on Earth, with 3.7 meters of rain a year Vacation Tour Guinea is not a recommended region for travelling The Visa costs around $65 (Single Entry, One month) The Official Language: French The National Museum in Conakry Religion: Muslim 85%, Christian 8% Calling Code: +244

7. History Early History: From the 10th to the 15th century, Guinea was included in several large West African political groupings, including Ghana, Mali, and Songhai empires. The name ‘Guinea’ came into use among European shippers in the seventeenth century to refer to the coast of West Africa from Guinea to Benin. Impact on world: France colonized it in the 1890s Declared its independence from France on October 2nd, 1958 Current Events: Guinean presidential election, 2010 It was the first free presidential election It was held under the two-round system Alpha Conde has been declared the winner, with 52.52% of the votes in the second round.

8. Political Type of Government: Presidential Republic Government Leaders Current President: Alpha Conde Prime Minister: Mohamed Said Fofana

9. Economy Industry: Relies on abundant natural resources Mining Agriculture Exports: Bauxite, Alumina 25% or more of the world’s known bauxite reserves In the French colonial period, it exported bananas, crops for beer, and coffee Partners: India 19.68%, Spain 13.18%, Russia 7.24% Imports: Oil, Machinery, textiles, grain Partners: China 8.67%, Netherlands 6.67% Sanctions: Investment Guarantee with U.S. through the Overseas Private Investment Corporation Trade Associations AREDOR, a joint diamond-mining venture between the Guinean Government and Australian, British, and Swiss

10. Economy Economic Status: Guinea is a poor country Until 2002, Guinea was under the influence of IMF’s Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility. In 2009, the Chinese International Fund invested more than $7 billion. Problem: Youth unemployment, inflation

11. Daily Life Standard of Living: Poor Infant mortality rate: 61.03 deaths/1,000 live births Life expectancy at birth: 58.11 years Literacy: 29.5% Median Age: 18.6 years Population: 10,601,009 Clothing They wear European cloths due to the influence of France. Women laundry in estuaries. Internet Usage Internet Users: 95,000 Facebook Users: 5,620 Bandwidth: 128 kbps Host sites: 1

12. Cultural Traditions: Wassakhoma: a set of small calabash discs used for generating music. Wofa: traditional music and dance Musical instruments: tolonyi, lengue, drums, dounoun, sangban, etc Customs: Social Stratification: Classes and Castes exist Labor is divided by gender In the Futa Jallon, a marriage may be arranged while the wife is still an infant. Greetings are very important Other Muslim Customs Religions: Muslim 85%, Christian 8%, traditional religion 7%

13. Cultural Foods The sauce and staples differ according to region, season, and the wealth of the household. Rice, sorghum, millet, and cassava are common foods. Food Customs: Tabaski is celebrated with the slaughtering of a sheep, goat, or chicken. Alcohol usually is not served at family celebrations, except for in the Forest Region, where palm wine is frequently consumed. Music and Dance Stringed instruments are stressed. In the 1960s, Touré founded Les Ballet Africains to highlight Guinea's rich cultural tradition. Unique Facts, Places, etc In rural areas, the symbol of success is a concrete house

14. International Events G-20 Seoul Summit: Participated in as a member of African Union 2010 FIFA World Cup: Rank 41 2010 Winter Olympics: didn’t participate

15. Conclusion Guinea is a developing, poor nation which recently accepted the free presidential election. It can be dangerous to travel the regions because of the political instability and diseases. Be careful of AIDS It will be helpful if you can speak French.

16. Works Cited – Guinea http://www.bb-online.com/domainnames/gn.shtml http://www.printablemapstore.com/map_of_countries/maps_of_guinea/political_map_of_guinea.html http://www.maps.com/ref_map.aspx?pid=12066 http://www.flickr.com/photos/poma/sets/1242177/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea#Geography https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Chimpanzee http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Guinea http://www.nationmaster.com/facts/Geography http://wikitravel.org/en/Guinea http://africanhistory.about.com/od/guinea/p/GuineaHist1.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinean_presidential_election,_2010 http://www.indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?c=gv&v=89 http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/Guinea.html http://www.internetworldstats.com/africa.htm http://www.uneca.org/aisi/nici/country_profiles/Guinea/guineainter.htm http://articles.latimes.com/1998/oct/18/entertainment/ca-33595 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_G-20_Seoul_summit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_FIFA_World_Cup_qualification_(CAF)

17. Jamaica

18. Maps

19. Country Description Size: 10,991 sq km (silghtly smaller than Connecticut) Climate: tropical, hot, humid; temperate interior Location: Island in the Caribbean Sea, south of Cuba Population: 2,868,380

20. Geographic Features Land regions: Arable land: 15.83% Permanent crops: 10.01% Other: 74.16% Irrigated land: 250 sq km Terrain: Mostly mountains, with narrow, discontinuous coastal plain Land boundaries: 0km Rivers, Lakes, Oceans Total renewable water resources: 9.4 cu km Caribbean Sea: around Rio Minho River

21. Geographic Features Fauna – animals: Jamaican Boa, Jamaican Coney, American Crocodile Fauna – insects: ScolopendraGigantea, PerigoniaJamaicensis Flora – GyrotaeniaMicrocarpa, PsidiumHarrisianum, QuiinaJamaicensis, Jackfruit

22. Geographic Features Special points of interest: Natural Hazards: Hurricanes (especially July to November) Heavy rates of deforestation Coastal waters polluted by industrial waste Vacation Tour: Currency: Jamaican Dollar Drives on the Left Official Language: English Capital: Kingston Calling code: +1-876 Religion: Protestant 62.5%, none 20.9%

23. History Early History: The Arawak and Taino indigenous people, originating in South America settled on the island between 4000 and 1000 B.C. Christopher Columbus claimed Jamaica for Spain after landing there in 1494. The English, led by William Penn, took over the island in 1655. Impact on World: Declared independence from Britain in 1962. Participated in WWI as a British colony Current Events: Bomb threat on the U.S. (Not from the Jamaican government but from a radical group)

24. Political Type of Government: Parliamentary democracy and Constitutional monarchy (Bicameral) Government Leaders: Governor-General: Patrick Allen Prime Minister: Bruce Golding Monarch: Elizabeth II

25. Economy Industry: Heavily dependent on services Tourism, Bauxite, light manufactures, rum Exports: $1,487 Billion Bauxite, Sugar, Rum, Coffee, and Marijuana (Sneaky) Partners: U.S. 38.19%, Canada 12.2%, U.K. 10.79% Imports: $5,378 billion Foods, Industrial Supplies, Oil Partners: U.S. 28.32%, Trinidad and Tobago 22.98%, Venezuela 12.14% Economic Status: Mixed economy with both state enterprises and private sector businesses Debt : $12.66 billion GDP per capita: $8,400

26. Economy Trade Associations: CAPRICOM (CSME) Sanctions: FTA with Dominican Republic Costa Rica Cuban Republic Venezuela Other: Labor Force Agriculture:17% Industry 19% Service 64%

27. Daily Life Standard of Living: Median age: 24.2 years Urbanization: 52% of total population Infant mortality rate: 14.6 deaths/ 1,000 live births Life expectancy at birth: 73.45 years Literacy 87.9% Clothing Long skirts & scarves for females Modern clothings Internet Usage 1,581,100 users 138,740 Facebook users

28. Cultural Traditions: Ritualistic acts that are carried out over a specific period of time or at a specific event. Famed Nine Night after the death of a loved one are a popular Jamaican tradition Custom: Jamaican Folk lure Pudding at Christmas, Fried fish, lent at Easter time. Religions: Christianity, Rastafarianism Foods: Seafood: Lobster & Shrimp Spices: scotch bonnet peppers, cinnamon Barbecue, Jerk Cereal, Condiments, Culinary Herbs and Spices

29. Cultural Music and Dance Reggae Traditional Dances Unique Facts, Places, etc. Perfect place for a family vacation Bob Marley Kingston (British Relics)

30. International Events G-20 Seoul Summit: didn’t participate 2010 FIFA World Cup: Rank 58 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic: no medals Freestyle skiing:Errol Kerr didn’t advance to the final Bobsleigh: wasn’t qualified

31. Conclusion Jamaica is a good neighbor of the U.S. which once was a colony of Britain. So, the official language is English, which allows many Americans to travel easily. The nation relies heavily on service industry. Therefore, it would be a good place to travel. Also, it is a country of Bob Marley. ‘Don’t worry, Be happy.’

32. Works Cited – Jamaica https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/jm.html http://www.earthcultureroots.com/jam_activities.html http://www.jamaicacoffee.net/History.html http://www.jamaicanvacations.org/ http://www.silver-sands.com/silver_sands.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Jamaica http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackfruitbr />http://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g147309-Jamaica-Vacations.html http://www.mfaft.gov.jm/?q=trade-agreements-to-which-jamaica-is-a-party http://www.buzzle.com/articles/jamaican-clothing.html http://www.internetworldstats.com/car/jm.htm http://www.nickburcher.com/2009/07/latest-facebook-usage-statistics-by.html http://www.getjamaica.com/Jamaican%20Culture.asp http://www.getjamaica.com/Jamaican%20Food.asp http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_at_the_2010_Winter_Olympics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_G-20_Seoul_summit

33. France

34. Maps

35. Country Description Size: 643, 427 sq km (slightly less than the size of Texas) Climate: generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot Location: Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel Population: 65,102,719

36. Geographic Features Land regions: Arable land: 33.46% Permanent crops: 2.03% Other: 64.51% Irrigated land: 26,190 sq km Rivers, Lakes, Oceans Seine River Atlantic Ocean Total Renewable water resources: 189 cu km

37. Geographic Features Fauna – animals: Corsican Painted Frog, PollachiusVirens, Soprano Pipistrelle, ZingelAsper Flora: Rosy Garlic, Holm Oak, Purple Loosestrife

38. Geographic Features Special points of interest: Seine River Vacation Tour: Total romantic experience Mont Saint Michel Moulin Rouge Drives on the Right Currency: Euro, Franc Calling Code: 33 Language: French Religion: Free, Hostile to Muslims

39. Histoire Early History: The oldest traces of human life date from approximately 1,800,000 years ago. Concept of Gaul emerged around 3 B.C. Celtic people migrated Impact on world Center of Renaissance/Enlightenment French Empire 100 Years’ War with British Allies in the WWI Current Events It is the head of G-20 and successfully held summits in various regions over the world.

40. Political Type of Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic Government Leaders: President: Nicolas Sarkozy Prime Minister: Francois Fillon

41. Economy Industry: Labor Force: agriculture 3.8%, industry 24.3%, services 71.8% Machinery, Chemicals, Automobiles, Aircraft Exports: $508.7 billion Machinery and transportation equipment, aircraft, plastics, chemicals Partners: Germany 15.88%, Italy 8.16%, Spain 7.8%, Belgium 7.44%, U.S. 5.65% Imports: $577.7 billion Machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil Partners: Germany 19.41%, Belgium 11.61%, Italy 7.97%, Netherlands 7.15% Economic Status Debt: $4.688 trillion GDP per capita: $ 33,300 Unemployment rate 9.5%

42. Economy Trade Associations EU URAIL Sanctions FTA NAFTA

43. Daily Life Standard of Living Median Age: 39.9 years Urbanization: 85% of total population Infant mortality rate: 3.29 deaths/1,000 live births Life expectancy at birth: 81.19 Literacy 99% Clothing Bliaut, French Hood, Mantua, Chemise, Beret Internet Usage Users: 44 million Facebook Users: 20 million

44. Culture Traditions Kisses on the Cheeks when first meet Elaborate meals in New Year’s Eve and dancing Unique Table setting Customs Bastille Day Chocolate bells in Easter Religions Roman Catholic 83%-88%, Protestant 2%, Muslim 5%-10% Foods Most important for the French Elaborate meals and caretaking cuisines Foie Gras Doesn’t apply for the Engel’s Coefficient

45. Culture Music and Dance Chansons Musical: Notre Dame de Paris, Les Miserables Kankan Unique Facts, Places, etc. Moulin Rouge is actually a Red Light District A legend tells that a soldier from WWI hesitated to bombard the Cathedral de Notre Dame, and eventually he didn’t bomb it

46. International Events G-20 Seoul Summit: Head of G-20, Discussed over the revaluation of China 2010 FIFA World Cup: rank 18 2010 Vancouver winter olympic: Gold 2, Silver 3, Bronze 6

47. Conclusion France is a European nation that has a long history. It was the center of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, speaks French, a romantic language. Champions personal intelligence and food. It is a good nation to travel. URAIL allows you to travel neighboring countries like Germany. Romantic moods of Paris will fascinate tourists. As the head of G-20, it is showing great leadership. However, its internal problems seem that they should be solved soon. It has not small debt.

48. Works Cited – France http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/france/index.html http://familypedia.wikia.com/wiki/France http://www.treehugger.com/files/2010/03/frances-drops-carbon-tax-sarkozy-ump.php http://www.map-of-france.co.uk/physical-map-of-france.htm http://trevshaw.com/where.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus_ilex http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lythrum_salicaria http://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187070-France-Vacations.html http://travellingboard.net/countries/the-most-romantic-city-in-the-world/ http://www.easy-french-food.com/french-traditions.html http://www.intelligentpositioning.com/blog/tag/facebook-usage-france/ http://www.internetworldstats.com/eu/fr.htm

49. Indonesia

50. Maps

51. Country Description Size: 1,904,569 sq km Climate: tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands Location: Southeastern Asia, Archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean Population: 245,613,043

52. Geographic Features Land regions: Arable land: 11.03% permanent crops: 7.04% other: 81.93% Irrigated land: 45,000 sq km Rivers, Lakes, Oceans Pacific Ocean Rivers of Java Indian Ocean

53. Geographic Features Fauna: Gebe Cuscus, Black-capped Fruit Bat, Ivory-breasted Pitta, Blue-headed Pitta, Sumatran Tiger Flora:AmorphophallusTitanum, Eucalyptus Deglupta, Rafflesia

54. Geographic Features Special points of interest Rafflesia grows up to 100 centimeter in diameter A home for a number of indigenous species Vacation Tour Calling Code: +62 Religion: Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8% Languages: Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch

55. History Early History: Indonesian Archipelago was inhabited two million years ago. Later, Muslim leaders set up international trade Impact on World: Dutch Rule during the Age of Expedition Japanese rule during WWII Secured its independence after WWII Current Events: People are constantly uprising against strict government rule

56. Political Type of Government: Unitary presidential republic Government Leaders: President: SusiloBambang Vice President: Boediono

57. Economy Industry: Petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers Exports: $146.3 billion Oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber Partners: Japan 17.28%, Singapore 11.29%, US 10.81%, China 7.62%, South Korea 5.53%, India 4.35% Imports: $111.1 billion machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs Singapore 24.96%, China 12.52%, Japan 8.92%, Malaysia 5.88%, South Korea 5.64%, US 4.88% Economic Status: GDP per capita: $4,300 Debt: $196 billion

58. Economy Trade Associations: EEPC INDIA ASEAN Sanctions FTA with U.S. BTA

59. Daily Life Standard of Living Median Age: 28.2 years Urbanization: 44% of total population Infant Mortality rate: 27.95 deaths/1,000 live births Life expectancy at birth: 71.33 years Literacy 90.4% Clothing BajuKurung, BajuMelayu, Kebaya, Songket, Sarong, Tapis Internet Usage Internet Users: 30,000,000 Facebook Users: 29,000,000

60. Cultural Traditions: Both characteristics of Far East and Mid-East Islam and Buddhism Customs: Martial Art: Silat Cockfighting in Bali Volleyball Religions: Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8% Foods: Chinese and Indian cuisine Sago and Ambon

61. Cultural Music and Dance There is a continuum in the traditional dances depicting episodes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata from India Kroncong is a musical genre that uses guitars and ukuleles as the main musical instruments. Unique Facts, Places, etc. As an archipelago, it is a home to many indigenous species

62. International Events G-20 Seoul Summit: Indonesia participated as a member. 2010 FIFA World Cup: didn’t advance to the World Cup 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic: didn’t participate

63. Conclusion Indonesia has both characteristics of Far East and the Mid-East, which makes it unique. Its government may need some reform. However, still Java produces good Coffee, and Bali is good to travel.

64. Works Cited – Indonesia http://www.unep.org/climatechange/UNEPintheRegions/SoutheastAsiaClimateChangeNetwork/NetworkMembers/tabid/3270/Default.aspx http://www.globalfirepower.com/ http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/EXTEAPREGTOPTRANSPORT/0,,contentMDK:20458729~menuPK:2066318~pagePK:34004173~piPK:34003707~theSitePK:574066,00.html http://www.balispirit.com/map.html http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1095/Indonesia.html http://indonesia-spots.blogspot.com/ http://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g294225-Indonesia-Vacations.html http://www.internetworldstats.com/asia.htm http://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g294225-Indonesia-Vacations.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Indonesia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_Winter_Olympics

65. Kazakhstan

66. Maps

67. Country Description Size: 2,724,900 sq km Climate: continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid Location: Central Asia, northwest of China Population: 15,522,373 Flag: The national flag of the Republic of Kazakhstan has a gold sun with 32 rays above a soaring golden steppe eagle, both centered on a sky blue background

68. Geographic Features Land regions: 2,699,700 sq km Land boundaries – 5,023 km, coast line – 406 km Land Use : arable land: 8.28%, permanent crops: 0.05%, other: 91.67%, Rivers, Lakes, Oceans Total renewable water resources: 109.6 km Water area : 35 cu km/yr Lake : Lake Balkhash Sea : Aral Sea, Caspian Sea

69. Geographic Features Fauna –Lesser Fat-tailed Jerboa, Mongolian Wild Ass, Eurasian Wolf, Desert Dormouse, Onager, Sterlet, Nicrophorusargutor Flora: Erysimumsiliculosum, Haloxylonpersicum,

70. Geographic Features Special Points of Interest Refugees and internally displaced persons : refugees (country of origin): 3,700 (Russia); 508 (Afghanistan) (2007) Religions: Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7% nearly all nationwide TV networks are wholly or partly owned by the government Vacation Tour Currency : Tenge Time Zone : West/East Drives on the : Right ISO 3166 code : Kz Official language(s) : Kazakh, Russian (2nd Language) Capital : Astana 70.2% of the population is Muslim, 20.6% Christian, 0.1% Buddhists, 0.2% others (mostly Jews), and 2.8% non-believers

71. History Kazakhstan has been inhabited since the Neolithic Age; the region's climate and terrain are best suited for nomads practicing pastoralism. Archaeologists believe that humans first domesticated the horse in the region's vast steppes. In the 15th century, a distinct Kazakh identity began to emerge among the Turkic tribes, a process which was consolidated by the mid-16th century with the appearance of a distinctive Kazakh language, culture, and economy. During the 17th century Kazakhs fought Oirats, a federation of western Mongol tribes, including Dzungars. The beginning of the 18th century marked the zenith of the Kazakh Khanate. During this period the Little Horde participated in the 1723–1730 war against the Dzungars, following their "Great Disaster" invasion of Kazakh territories. Impact on world : was not involved in any major war. Current Event : Visitation of NursultanNazarbayev, the president, to the South Kazakhstan region is over. As part of his two-day trip, the head of state also visited one of the main sacred places of the Kazakh nation and the whole of the Turkic world, the HodzhaAkhmetYassawi Mausoleum. The President familiarized himself with the state of reconstruction of the cultural and historical monument of the 14 century. This museum opened last year, ahead of Kazakhstan’s 20th anniversary of independence. Aspects of preservation of spiritual values of the nation were also touched upon during the talks. The discussion of achievements in the sphere of culture and history reached over the 20 years of independence were the main topic at the meeting in the region.

72. Political Type of Government: Presidential Republic Government Leaders Current President: NursultanNazarbayev Prime Minister: KarimMassimov

73. Economy Industry : possesses enormous fossil fuel reserves and plentiful supplies of other minerals and metals, such as uranium, copper, and zinc Natural resources Exports: $59.23 Partners : China 16.34%, France 9.23%, Germany 8.32%, Russia 6.9%, Ukraine 5.52%, Romania 5.25%, Italy 5.12%, US 4.34% Materials : oil and oil products 59%, ferrous metals 19%, chemicals 5%, machinery 3%, grain, wool, meat, coal Imports: $30.11 billion Partners: Russia 28.5%, China 26.72%, Germany 6.59%, Italy 5.58%, Ukraine 4.8% Material : machinery and equipment, metal products, foodstuffs Sanctions: Financial Supervision Agency (FSA) Trade Associations: The U.S.-Kazakhstan Business Association (USKBA)

74. Daily Life Standard of living : at birth: 1.058% under 15 years: 1.04% 15-64 years: 0.95% 65 years and over: 0.53% total population: 0.93% Clothing The people that live in Kazakhstan very bright colors like the colors on the rainbow. They may also wear gold and silver color. Some people might have a "tinge“ of black, brown, and some other dark colors.Internet Usage Internet Users: 52,100 Facebook Users: 140,582 Bandwidth: 128 kbps Host sites: 1

75. Cultural Traditions: yurt : the most sensible types of movable house. Nauryz(Islamic New Year) : one of the biggest holidays in Central Asia. In Kazakhstan it is celebrated on the day of the spring equinox, March Customs: Social Stratification: Classes and Castes do not exist. Men tend to have better jobs compared to that of women. Kazakh (Qazaq) 53.4%, Russian 30%, Ukrainian 3.7%, Uzbek 2.5%, German 2.4%, Tatar 1.7%, Uighur 1.4%, other 4.9% Religions : Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7%

76. Cultural Foods The main meal of every dastarkhan and one of the most delicious for Kazakh people is Kazakh style cooked meat. Kazy: (sausage from ribs) Karta : (sausage from the belly) zhaya : (boiled rump) zhal : (from urthers) steaming kuirdak :(from freshly killed sheep) zhaubuirek : (a whole carcass of a ram broiled on a spit) Music and Dance Kazakh State Kurmangazy Orchestra of Folk Instruments, the Kazakh State Philharmonic Orchestra, the Kazakh National Opera and the Kazakh State Chamber Orchestra. Other Kazakh composers include Korkyt, Tattimbet, Sougur, Bayserke, and Makhambet, Khazanghap.

77. Cultural Unique Facts, Places, etc Recently, especially on the streets of urban cities, many young people started to create group of society as a hip-hop clan. They usually do rap battle and performances on the street which have been issues.

78. International Events G-20 Seoul Summit: was not involved in G-20 2010 FIFA World Cup: Rank 128 2010 Winter Olympics: Rank 25 (Silver1)

79. Conclusion Kazakhstan has unique and distinguishable culture and tradition. The citizens have strong national love for their own county. Russian can help communications in this country. (second language) A lot of available beautiful places to travel.

80. Works Cited - Kazakhstan http://www.smh.com.au/news/asia/stan-up-to-be-counted/2006/11/16/1163266709293.html?page=fullpage http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1560114/Kazakhstan-election-a-foregone-conclusion.html http://www.uskba.net/ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Kazakhstan http://caspionet.kz/eng/general/President_visits_South_Kazakhstan_Region_1299910473.html http://www.spike.com/video-clips/twrbn8/national-anthem-of-kazakhstan-borat-movie-films http://www.balletcompanies.com/Countries/Kazakhstan.shtml http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/countries/kazakhstan.html http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/countries/kazakhstan.html http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=kz http://eiti.org/Kazakhstan

81. Turkey

82. Maps

83. Country Description Size: 783,562 sq km Climate: temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior Location: Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria Population: 78,785,548

84. Geographic Features Land Regions: arable land: 29.81% permanent crops: 3.39% other: 66.8% Irrigated Land: 52,150 sqkm Rivers, Lakes, Oceans Total renewable water resources: 234 cu km Aegean Sea, Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea Lake Van

85. Geographic Features Fauna: Schizodactylusinexpectatus, Woolly Dormouse, Van Kedisi, Mediterranean Monk Seal, Desert Monitor, Glyptoghorax Flora: MenthaAquatica, Castanea Sativa Special Points of Interest Corsican indigenous species Vacation Tour Calling Code: 90 Currency: Turkish Lira Drives on the Right Religion: Muslim 99.8%

86. History Early History The settlement of Troy, starting from the Iron Age Anatolia Ottoman Empire (11th century – 20th Century) Turkish Republic (1922~) Impact on World Participated in WWI as one of the Central Powers Current Events Both protests and diplomatic approach on U.S. Helps Egypt

87. Political Type of Government Parliamentary Republic Government Leaders Founder: Mustafa Kemal Ataturk President: Abdullah Gul Prime Minister: RecepTayyipErdogan

88. Economy Industry textiles, food processing, autos, electronics, mining Exports: $117.4 billion apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufactures, transport equipment Partners: Russia 14%, Germany 10%, China 9%, US 6.1%, Italy 5.4%, France 5% Imports: $166.3 billion machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuels, transport equipment Russia 14%, Germany 10%, China 9%, US 6.1%, Italy 5.4%, France 5% Economic Status Debt: 48.1% of GDP GDP per capita: $12,300 Trade Associations ASEAN Sanctions FTA with Korea

89. Daily Life Standard of Living Median Age: 28.5 years Urbanization: 70% of total population Infant Mortality Rate: 23.94 deaths/1,000 live births Life Expectancy at birth: 72.5 years Literacy 87.4% Language: Turkish Clothing Fez, Kalpak, Turkish Cap Internet Usage Internet Users: 27,233,300 Facebook Users: 26,417,820

90. Cultural Traditions: Turkey shares some traditions with Korea because a number Old Koreans (Koryo) migrated into the region. They still consider Korea as their ‘Country of Brotherhood’ Customs: Coffee House: Turkish people tend to gather in Hamam: Turkish Bath Religions: 99.8% Muslim Foods: Heritage of Ottoman cuisine Turkish Curry Major type of oil – Olive

91. Cultural Music and Dance Turkish Belly Dance Recreational + elegance Folk songs are famous Unique Facts, Places, etc. Holds both Central Asian traditions and East Asian traditions

92. International Events G-20 Seoul Summit: Participated in as one of the members 2010 FIFA World Cup: 32nd 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic: no medal Figure Skiing Cross-country

93. Conclusion Unlike the past fame, Turkey is a silent nation lately. There’s no medalling athletes, politically calm. However, it participated in G-20. I hope this will make difference.

94. Works Cited - Turkey http://www.chtour.co.kr/ver2/holy_study_content.php?cno=1&gubun=07 http://www.turkey4travel.com/ http://www.mapsofworld.com/turkey/turkey-political-map.html http://www.wildland.com/trips/mediterranean/tur_map.aspx https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey http://www.internetworldstats.com/me/tr.htm http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/turkey http://www.enjoyturkey.com/info/culture/Customs.htm http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=tur/ranking/gender=m/index.html

95. Gabon

96. Maps

97. Country Description Capital: Libreville Independence : 17 August 1960 (from France) Population : 1,576,665 Location : Western Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean at the Equator Land boundaries :2,551 km

98. Geographic Features Land region : 257,667 sq km Water region: 10,000 sq km slightly smaller than Colorado Coastline : 885 km Highest point: Mont Iboundji 1,575 m Current environmental issues : deforestation, poaching

99. Geographic Features Fauna Fauna- Achatinavignoniana, Flora - Calpocalyxngouiensis, Cola duparquetiana, Monopetalanthusheitzii, Napoleonaeaegertonii, Tricarpelemaafricanum, Ocoteagabonensis Fauna -

100. Geographic Features Special points of interest : a small population and oil and mineral reserves have helped Gabon become one of Africa's wealthier countries. In general, these circumstances have allowed the country to maintain and conserve its pristine rain forest and rich biodiversity. Vacation Tour Central African CFA Drives on the : right ISO 3166 code : GA Calling code : 241 Language : French

101. History Early History : In the 15th century, the first Europeans arrived. The nation's present name originates from Gabao Portuguese for ‘cloak’. Many years later, French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza led his first mission to the Gabon-Congo area in 1875. He founded the town of Franceville, and was later colonial governor. Several Bantu groups lived in the area that is now Gabon when France officially occupied it in 1885. Impact on World: Has not participated in any major war Declared Independence from France in 1960 Current Events The New president is elected This is the end of the 41-year reign over Gabon by only president

102. Political Type of Government Republic Government Leaders President: Ali Bongo Ondimba Prime Minister: Paul BiyogheMba

103. Economy Industry: petroleum extraction and refining; manganese, gold; chemicals, ship repair, food and beverages, textiles Exports: $6.803 billion crude oil 70%, timber, manganese, uranium Partners: Russia 30.62%, US 16.56%, China 15.87%, France 4.28% Imports: $2.433 billion machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, construction materials Partners: France 32.21%, US 7.92%, China 7.02%, Belgium 4.99%, Italy 4.81% Trade Associations: ECOWAS Sanctions: Gabon Free Trade Zone FTA

104. Daily Life Standard of Living Median Age: 18.6 years Urbanization: 86% of total population Infant Mortality Rate: 49.95 deaths/1,000 live births Life Expectancy at Birth: 52.49 years Literacy 63.2% Language: French Clothing Moderate Western Style Internet Usage Internet Users: 98,800 Facebook Users: 24,860

105. Cultural Traditions: Primarily Oral Traditions until the domination by France Traditional indigenous religious beliefs Customs: Obala, Ngombi, Balafon and traditional drums for traditional events Kota (mask) is used in celebrations Imported Rock and Hip Hop Religion Christian 55%-75%, animist Foods Common West African Cuisine Music and Dance Folk styles, no traditional dance

106. International Events G-20 Seoul Summit: as a member of African Union 2010 FIFA World Cup: wasn’t qualified 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic: Didn’t participate in

107. Conclusion With statistics, Gabon is experiencing an extreme trade surplus, exporting three time more than it imports. However, it still needs reform. Literacy rate is very low, and the government doesn’t guarantee stability.

108. Works Cited - Gabon http://flagsandanthems.com/flag-gabon.html http://www.smh.com.au/news/africa/africas-new-queen/2006/08/03/1154198267260.html http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/africa/cameroon-gabon/background.php http://www.internetworldstats.com/africa.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_FIFA_World_Cupbr />http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Vancouver_Olympics