NGN is a packet-based network able to provide Telecommunication Services to users and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent of the underlying transport-related technologies. It enables unfettered access for users to networks and to competing service providers and services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users.
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NGN Next Generation Network
1. NGN
Next Generation Network
Concepts
Havar Bathaee
University of Tehran
December 7, 2014
2. Agenda
Introduction
NGN Definition
NGN Standardization
NGN Conceptual Model
Convergence Towards NGN
NGN Softswitch-Base Architecture
NGN Configuration and Topology
Conclusion
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
3. Introduction
PSTN
NGN
All-IP Network
INTERNET MOBILE
Others…
Today, telephony, the Internet, and the cellular mobile
networks continue to be different domains, each has its own
protocols and services.
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
4. Introduction
General Idea
Packets
Voice
Data
Multimedia
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
6. NGN Definition
NGN is a packet-based network able to provide
Telecommunication Services to users and able to make use of
multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in
which service-related functions are independent of the
underlying transport-related technologies. It enables unfettered
access for users to networks and to competing service providers
and services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility
which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to
users.
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
7. NGN Definition
Characteristics
Unified Global Networking Platform
Packet-Based Network
Provides Telecommunication Services to Users
QoS-enabled Transport Technologies
(Delay, Throughput, and Reliability)
Services are Independent of Transport Technologies
Unfettered Access for Users to Networks and Services
Generalized Mobility Which Allow Consistent and
Ubiquitous Provision of Services to Users
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
8. NGN Standardization
Key Players
3GPP
ITU-T
ITU Telecommunication
Standardization Sector
ITU-T
NGN-GSI
ATIS
NGN FG ETSI
TISPAN
ATIS
Alliance for Telecom.
Industry
ETSI
European Telecom.
Standards Institute
3GPP
3rd Generation Partnership
Project
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
9. NGN Standardization
Key Players (continued)
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
10. NGN Standardization
Problems
Within the NGN concepts the standardization institutions are still
working on the following issues and problems:
• Existing networks migration towards NGN
• Development in the field of access technologies
• Connection of other networks to IP networks
• Provision of services and development of new ones
• Interworking in the area of addressing
• Interworking of signaling systems
• Roaming a mobility
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
11. NGN Conceptual Model
NGN applications and
services, application
server, features server,
media server
MGC, Softswitch, Call
Agent, Gatekeeper
Transmission Packet
network, VOIP, Media
gateways, Signalling
gateway, Core Packet
network
Fixed, Data, Cable,
Wireless fixed, Mobile,
Satellite
Access to
NGN
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
12. NGN Conceptual Model
Management layer
In the NGN it is required that the network control is not determined
only by the terminal equipment applications, but that the network
intelligence may carry out control over the network at all levels.
Management layer tasks:
Resource management (capacity, ports, and physical elements)
and QoS in access to the network and the transport network
Various media processing, encoding, data transfer (information
flows)
Management of calls and connection. Management and
interworking of all elements of the reference architecture
Service control
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
13. Convergence towards NGN
Today’s network is divided into:
• Public Switched Telephone Network
• Packet Switched Networks (LAN, WAN,…)
• Cellular Mobile Networks
Convergence is the process of interconnection of traditional switched
circuit networks (PSTN and Mobile Networks) and packet-base
networks that use IP (Internet Protocol).
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
14. Convergence towards NGN
Evolutional scenarios
Migration scenarios of different types of networks platforms are
based on the idea to integrate TDM (Time Division Multiplexing)
and IP (Internet Protocol) platforms into one converged NGN
platform (from the point of network infrastructure, as well as
services).
TDM
IP
NGN
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
15. Convergence towards NGN
Evolutional scenarios (continued)
PSTN & Intelligent
Networks
Internet & Data
Networks
Cable Networks
Wireless & Mobile
Networks
Internet
Telephony
Hybrid
Networks
VoIP
Networks
VoCATV
GSM GPRS UMTS
NGN
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
16. Convergence towards NGN
From Vertical Silos to Horizontal NGN Architecture
Application
Service
Control
Transport
Access
End Points
Mobile Networks
PSTN/ISDN
Data/IP Networks
Cable/Terrestrial TV
Vertical Silo Architecture
per service
Services
Horizontal Layered
Multi-Service Architecture
Existing and Newly Emerging
Services
Services & Network Control
(QoS, Security, IP Mobility)
Multi-Service IP Backbone
Wireless
Access
Wireline
Access
Services
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
17. Convergence towards NGN
Comparing the Features of PSTN/IN, Internet, and NGN
PSTN/IN Internet NGN
Multimedia Services NO YES YES
QoS support YES NO YES
Network Intelligence YES NO YES
Intelligent Terminal Equipment NO YES YES
Integrated Supervision & Control YES NO YES
Reliability High Low High
Service Creation Complex ad-hoc Systematic
Simplicity of Services use Medium High High
Modularity Low Medium High
Time of Service Introduction Long Short Short
Openness of Architecture Small High High
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
18. NGN Softswitch-Base Architecture
Media
Application Server
Access
Network
PSTN /
IN
RTP
RTCP
VoIP
IP / MPLS
MGCP
H.323
SIP
Media
Gateway
Controller
TDM RTP/RTCP
Trunking
Gateway
(MGW)
Access
Gateway
Server
SIG
T
M
Signaling
Gateway
SIP
SIP
MGCP
H.248
MGCP
H.323
SIP
MGCP
H.248
Media Gateway Controller
SIP-T, BICC
AG
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
19. NGN Softswitch-Base Architecture
Components
M
Media Gateway
Call Agent Softswitch
Controller
Generally serves as components for controlling of communication
relations of users and other network components; provides call
routing, network signaling, billing, and other logical functions.
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
20. NGN Softswitch-Base Architecture
Components
T
Media Gateway
Trunking gateways: interface between the PSTN/PLMN and VoIP
Operate Residential within gateway: transport provide plane, traditional perform analog all function (RJ11) related interface to media
to VoIP
physical transport between different networks, media processing
functions Access gateway: (transcoding, provide echo traditional cancellation, analog or jitter PBX managing), interface to VoIP
tones
processing Signaling network: and management provide of change information of signalization transport.
systems between
PSTN/PLMN to VoIP
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
21. NGN Softswitch-Base Architecture
Components
Application
Server
Application server is implemented to perform functionalities specific
to certain service, perform specialized service logic call control, also
includes more functionalities in terms of user web interface, end-points
management, etc. For example it can provide specific
videoconferencing service, Call Center service or IP Centrex service.
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
22. NGN Softswitch-Base Architecture
Components
Media
Server
Media server provides functionalities allow interaction between
calling party and application using end-point device. It provides
Media Resource Functions (tones detection, speech synthesis and
recognition, compressions, media mixing, etc.) and Media Control
Functions that control of media functions (voice message play
management, conference bridge, fax message management, etc.)
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
23. NGN Configuration and Topology
INNI: Internal Network-Network Interface
NNI: Network-Network Interface
UNI: User Network Interface
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
24. Conclusion
Other Architectures
• IMS and entities (P-CSCF, I-CSCF,…)
• TISPAN NGN
• GSM
• …
NGN Protocols
• SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)
• SDP (Session Description Protocol)
• RTP (Real Time Transport Protocol)
• ...
NGN Standards
Services and QoS
Havar Bathaee, NGN, Next Generation Network Concepts, University of Tehran
its most important protocols, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP),
One network transports all type of data and provide services (voice, data, all sorts of media) by encapsulating these into packets using TCP/IP.
NGNs are commonly built around the Internet Protocol (IP), and therefore the term all IP is also sometimes used to describe the transformation toward NGN.
The realization of the idea for NGN has started in 2003 (Figure 3.3). In each standards body
has been organized a standard group dedicated to NGN.
The ITU-T has started its work on NGN in 2003 by creating the so-called Joint Rapporteur
Group on Next Generation Network (JRG-NGN), which targeted to study several main subjects
such as: NGN requirements, the general reference model, NGN functional requirements
and functional architecture, and evolution to NGN (from existing telecommunication networks
at that time). This group delivered two fundamental NGN recommendations:
• General overview of NGN (Y.2001 [2]);
• General principles and general reference model for NGN (Y.2011 [3]).
The JRG-NGNwas formed from experts of ITU-T Study Group 13 (SG13), which is targeted
to future networks, including cloud computing, mobile, and NGN.
In 2004 the ITU-T Focus Group on Next Generation Network (FG-NGN) was established,
which lasted for 1.5 years (until November 2005). Its main targetwas to accelerate the activities started by the JRG-NGN. In the period 2004–2005 several key aspects regarding the NGN
were addressed by this group, such as: functional architecture and mobility, QoS, control and
signaling aspects, service and security capabilities, the migration path from PSTN/ISDN networks
to NGN, as well as future packet-based networks and their requirements. The work of
FG-NGN was published in proceedings in 2005 [3].
From 2006 the work on NGN standardization within the ITU-T was transferred to the Next
Generation Network Global Standards Initiative (NGN-GSI), which is working on detailed
standards for NGN deployment by collaboration with different ITU-T Study Groups. The
established objectives and goals of NGN-GSI were to further strengthen the leading role of
ITU-T among other standardization bodies involved with NGN, to coordinate work between
different ITU-T Study Groups working on various NGN recommendations, and to produce
global standards based on the telecommunications market needs (which are continuously
changing and often cannot be precisely predicted).
Since the start of the NGN standardization process in ITU many operators have started to
migrate to all-IP networks, including the telephony migration to VoIP with similar QoS, security,
and signaling support as in PSTN. The PSTN transition to all-IP environment was the
most important driver for NGN from the start, thus NGN release 1 was mainly focused to
VoIP. However, since the realization of NGN is an evolutionary process and different operators
and administrations will start it at different times, there is a need to have different approaches
for building a NGN or transition from PSTN and PLMN (which both have high investments,
either is equipment or other resources such as frequency bands for mobile networks) toward
the NGN.
NGN Definition:
ETSI :
NGN is a concept of the defining and establishing of the networks, allowing a formal distribution of functionalities into separate layers and planes by using open interfaces, making it possible for the service providers and operators to create a platform which can be gradually developed thanks to creation, implementation and effective management of innovative services.
NGN is a packet-based network able to provide Telecommunication Services to users and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent of the underlying transport-related technologies. It enables unfettered access for users to networks and to competing service providers and services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users.
NGN-GSI (Next Generation Networks Global Standards Initiative)
ATIS NGN force group
ETSI TISPAN: Telecom & Internet Conveged Services and protocols for advanced networks
The access layer provides the infrastructure, for example an access network
between the end user and the transport network. The access network can be both
wireless and fixed and it can be based on various transport media.
The transport layer ensures the transport between the individual nodes (points)
of the network, to which are connected access networks. It connects physical
elements deployed in the individual layers It also enables the transport of different
types of traffic, media (signaling, interactive data, real-time video, voice
communication, etc.)
The control layer includes the control of services and network elements. This
layer is responsible for set-up/establishing, control and cancelling of the
multimedia session. It ensures the control of sources as well, depending on the
service requirements. One of the fundamental NGN principles is the separation of
control logic from the switching hardware.
The service layer, which can be used to create
more complex and sophisticatoffers the basic service functionsed services and applications. It controls the progress
of the service based on its logic.
As it has already been stated, the next generation networks are a vision of
a converged network, meeting all the requirements for a converged universal
packet network of the future.
That is why it is appropriate to look into
their evolution and to outline their future trends and the open issues to be solved
as well.
VoCATV: Voice over Cable TV:
UMTS: universal mobile telecommunication system: 3rd generation. Based on GSM
Integrated Services for Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communication standards for simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the traditional circuits of the public switched telephone network.
Terrestrial television is a type of television broadcasting using radio signals for transmission and television antennas and tuners for reception
NGN architecture based on software switching technology (softswitch) can be
supposed as first and unique evolution step in NGN, although there are more
modern architecture available nowadays (for example see chapter IMS based
architecture).
However, it has built up philosophy of building of new NGN
networks and validated principles and features of NGN architecture and its
components towards its next evolution
This architecture was the first which
drive was significantly motivated by telecommunication vendors, naturally
reflecting on massive development of VoIP protocol family and by
telecommunication providers demand to implement services more modern and
more efficient way.
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a mechanism in high-performance telecommunications networks that directs data from one network node to the next based on short path labels rather than long network addresses
A registered jack (RJ) is a standardized[1][2][3] physical network interface—both jack construction and wiring pattern—for connecting telecommunications or data equipment to a service provided by a local exchange carrier or long distance carrier. The standard designs for these connectors and their wiring are named RJ11, RJ14, RJ21,RJ35, RJ45, RJ48, etc.
PBX is a system that connects telephone extensions of a company to outside public telephone network as well as to mobile networks.
Customer network: This is a network deployed at home or at enterprise, which is connected
via the UNI with NGN access network.
• Access network: This network collects the end-user traffic from customer network to the
core network in both directions. It also aggregates the traffic from different end-users to
the core network. Also, it can be divided into several domains, and in such case network
elements within a single domain are interconnected with so-called INNI (Internal Network–
Network Interface). Connections between network elements from different domains as well
as between access networks and core networks are realized via the NNI.
• Core network: This type of network provides transport of user data as well as control and
management information between different network elements (e.g., between core routers).
A core network may have several domains. Within a single domain network elements are interconnected via INNI, while NNI is used between different core network domains or
between a core network and other network (e.g., access network, transit network).