Kiran

1. TURBOCHARGING IN
AUTOMOBILE
By
Rajesh Mishra Regd. No. 1621220056
Under the guidance of
Er. Kiran Kumar Sethi

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 NEED FOR TURBOCHARGING
 PARTS OF TURBOCHARGER
 WORKING OF TURBOCHARGER
 ADVANTAGE OVER SUPERCHARGER
 DISADVANTAGE
 NEW TECHNOLOGIES USED IN TERBOCHRGER
 REFERANCE

3. INTRODUCTION
•A turbocharger is a turbine-driven forced
induction device that increases an internal combustion
engine's efficiency and power output by forcing extra
compressed air into the combustion chamber.
•Turbochargers are commonly used on truck, car, train,
aircraft, and construction equipment engines. They are
most often used with Otto cycle and Diesel cycle internal
combustion engines.
•The objective of a turbocharger is to improve an
engine's volumetric efficiency by increasing density of the
intake gas (usually air) allowing more power per engine
cycle.

4. SECTIONAL VIEW OF TURBO

5. BASICS
•One of the surest way to increase engine power is to
increase the amount of air and fuel supplied to it. Another way
is by adding cylinder to it to increase engine size. But it may
not feasible so a turbo can add extra power more efficiently.
•To achieve the boost it uses the exhaust gas to drive the
compressor and to drive more air to the engine.

6. •Turbocharger allows an engine to burn more fuel and
air by packing more into the existing cylinders. Therefore,
you would except to get 50 percent more power.

7. NEED OF TURBOCHARGER
•It provides more power from a smaller engine size and weight.
•It can provide good engine response with the reassurance of reliable
reserves of power when you need it.
•Under normal circumstances the addition of a turbocharger to a
naturally aspirated engine will increase the power output by
approximately 30%.
•The same size engine giving more power to be used by the operator.
•It can play a major on role pollution related problems in environment
and diesel related problem.

8. PARTS OF TURBOCHARGER
•COMPRESSOR HOUSING
•COMPRESSOR WHEEL
•OIL SEALS
•BEARINGS
•TURBINE WHEEL
•SHAFT
•TURBINE HOUSING
•INTERCOOLER
INTERCOOLER

9. WORKING OF TURBOCHARGER
• INLET OF EXHAUST
GAS TO TURBINE
• ROTATION OF TURBINE
• ROTATION OF
COMPRESSER DUE TO
COUPLE
• DISCHARGE OF
INLET AIR
• INTERCOOLING AND
SUPPLING TO ENGINE

10. SIMPLE LAYOUT OF TURBOCHARGER

11. • Single-Turbo
• Twin-Turbo
• Twin-Scroll Turbo
• Variable Geometry Turbo
• Variable Twin Scroll Turbo
• Electric Turbo
TYPES OF TURBOCHARGER

12. ADVANTAGES OVER SUPERCHARGER
• Uses exhaust gas to get power so that we can get more
power with out giving extra power input where as the
supercharger takes power from crankshaft which gives more
load on engine.
• Carbon emission is less by using waste gate which is not
present in supercharger.
• It has bypass passage which can by pass all extra exhaust
gas which is not needed to supercharger to the environment.
• Better B.H.P due to no extra load in crankshaft, it is better
then supercharger.

13. COMPARISION
TURBOCHARGER
• Uses exhaust stream for its
energy that run through a
turbine that itself runs the
compressor.
• It is not directly connected to
engine.
• Has smog alternating
equipment as waste gate that
lowers the carbon emission.
• Boost lag is there.
SUPERCHARGER
•Uses crankshaft for its energy
and produces power for its
engine.
•It is directly connected to
engine through a belt.
•Don’t have a waste gate, so
the smog emits directly from
engine.
•There is no boost lag

14. DISADVANTAGE OF TERBOCHARGER
•Turbo lag: The turbocharger needs some time
to charge the engine this time duration is known
as turbo lag. There is no turbo lag in naturally
aspirated engine.
•Boost threshold: It is the lower bound region
within which turbocharger operates. Below certain
limit of flow, a compressor produces insignificant
boost.

15. •Oil requirement: Turbochargers get very hot and
often tap into the engine’s oil supply. This calls for
additional plumbing, and is more demanding on the
engine oil. Superchargers typically do not require engine
oil lubrication.
•Power surge: in some turbocharger applications,
especially with larger turbo, reaching the boost threshold
can provide an almost instantaneous surge in power,
which could compromise tyre traction or cause some
instability of the car.

17. NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN TURBOCHARGING
•In 13 Sep 2017 the third generation turbocharger
announced to improve power and torque and aid in the
reduction of vehicle emissions will debut on the new BMW
2.0L engine program announced at the 67th Annual IAA
Cars event in Frankfurt.
•The updates are twin-scroll, 4-cylinder engines that are
1.5 liters and larger. Which results increases in power from
90kW/L to more than 100kW/L and in torque from 175Nm/L
to more than 200 Nm/L over the previous generation
technology.

18. •One of the new advances comprising the third generation
architecture is a new waste gate with a mono-block arm
and valve. It reduces noise 5 to 10 decibel and improves
fuel economy by 0.5 percent.
•It uses new 2 stage waste gate which can reduce CO2
emission.
•It also has a two stage electric compressor for fuel cell
power train which also improves its efficiency.
•The new technology adapts existing airfoil bearing from
aerospace portfolio which is cooled by engines own
compressor.

19. REFERENCES
1. J. Lorio, "2016 Ferrari 488GTB! The 458 Successor Goes
Turbo," Car and Driver, 1 Feb 15
2. Journal by HEARST AUTOS “turbo vs. non turbo putting
throttle response to the test” Car and driver 19 June 2016
3. “The history of turbo charging”. En.turbolader.net. 27
October 1959. Retrieved 1 June2012.
4.Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbocharger(Wikipedia, the
free encyclopaedia)
5. Automobile Engineering R. K. Rajput , Laxmi Publications
6. Automotive Mechanics, William Course/ Donald L.Anglin
Ninth edition, TMH

20. Thank you