The document summarizes the challenges to the post-Napoleonic "Concert of Europe" system established by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. It discusses the wave of revolutions that swept across Europe in the 1820s-1830s as liberal and nationalist aspirations were ignored. These included the Belgian Revolution of 1830 seeking independence from the Netherlands, and a Polish uprising in 1830 against Russian rule seeking autonomy. The July Revolution of 1830 in France replaced the ultra-royalist King Charles X with the more moderate "Citizen King" Louis Philippe, though it mainly benefited the middle class and not workers.

1. Challenges to the “Concert” System: The 1820s-1830 Revolutions

4. Congress of Verona

7. 19 c Latin American Independence Movements

8. Revolutionary Movements in the Early 19 c

9. Independence Movements in the Balkans Wallachia & Moldavia

10. Greek Revolution - 1821

12. Lord Byron – Martyr in Greece

13. The Decembrist Uprising - 1825

17. The 1830 Revolutions

23. To the Barracades  Revolution, Again!! Workers, students and some of the middle class call for a Republic!

27. Belgian Revolution - 1830

28. A Stirring of Polish Nationalism - 1830

31. Europe in 1830