Presented by Patrick Ngwediagi at the Regional Experts Workshop on Development, Regulation and Use of Bio-pesticides in East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 22–23 May 2014
AWS Community Day CPH - Three problems of Terraform
Status of development, registration and use of bio-pesticides in Tanzania
1. 5/26/20141
Status of development, registration and use
of bio-pesticides in Tanzania
Patrick Ngwediagi
Regional Experts Workshop on Development, Regulation and Use of
Bio-pesticides in East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 22–23 May 2014
2. OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION – TANZANIA, SUPPORTIVE
POLICIES & STRATEGIES
CURRENT STATUS
Legal & Institutional Frameworks
Procedure & Types of registered products
RECOMMENDATIONS
5/26/20142
3. TANZANIA: Geographical facts
Tanzania is located just south of the
Equator and covers 937,060 Km2
It is a United Republic
.. estimated population of over 44 m
people, making the largest nation in the
Eastern African region both in land area
and population
It is the only country in the region
bordering 8 countries in total
5. INTRODUCTION
Agriculture is a leading economic sector in
Tanzania.
It provides a livelihood to about 80% of the
population.
It is the primary source of food and raw
materials
Accounts for about 24.7 % of GDP
It is the second export sector after mining in
terms of foreign earnings
Current policies and strategies aims at 6%
annual growth and 10% in the long run
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6. In collaboration with other stakeholders
(private sector and DPs) the Government is
committed to transform agriculture through:
Strategies: ASDS
Initiatives: KILIMO KWANZA Resolve
Synergies: SAGCOT, FEED THE FUTURE
Programmes: ASDP, CAADP (through TAFSIP)
Aim: Boosting agricultural production and
productivity
Availability and accessibility of agricultural
productive inputs (seeds, fertilizers and agro-
pesticides) is crucial
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7. DEFINITIONS/TYPES
Bio-pesticides and Biological Control Agents
In some literature and also during discussions
with the stakeholders, bio-pesticides and
biological control agents are grouped together
Sometimes the terms are used interchangeably??
However, they are different
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8. What is Bio-pesticides
Biopesticides, a contraction of 'biological
pesticides’, include several types of pest
management intervention.
The term has been associated historically with
biological control - and by implication - the
manipulation of living organisms
Regulatory positions can be influenced by public
perceptions
Types of Bio-pesticides
Microbial pesticides
Plant pesticides
Biochemical pesticides
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9. DEFINITIONS/TYPES Cont.
What is Biological Control Agents
Biological control agents are parasites and
predators of pests and their eggs
(eg.Trichogramma)
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10. CURRENT STATUS
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOPESTICIDES
No formal development /production in TZ
Most of the available products are imported/being
tested in Tanzania
Local bio-pesticides (esp. biochemical pesticides
are available at research centres
Collaboration with CGIAR
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11. CURRENT STATUS…
REGISTRATION OF BIOPESTICIDES &
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
Legal & Institutional Frameworks
Two legislation system (Union and Zanzibar for
non Union matters)-Constitutional requirement
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12. TANZANIA MAINLAND
There are a number of regulatory frameworks for
pesticides management
Plant Protection Act, No. 13 of 1997 (Cap. 133
R.E 2002) & its Regulations of 1998
The Tropical Pesticides Research Institute Act,
No. 18 of 1979 (Cap.161 R.E 2002) &
Regulations 1984
The legislations are aimed at managing & control
i.e registration, quality and potency verification
and surveillance
There are other related legislations (EMA,
Biosafety Regulations etc)
12
13. Registration Cont.
The PPA of 1997 establishes the National Plant
Protection Advisory Committee (NPPAC)
NPPAC is a scientific advisory agent to the Minister on
matters concerning registration and use of plant protection
substances
The Regulations, 1998 establishes 4 Sub-
committees
Two of them are more relevant :
Pesticides Approval and Registration Technical Sub
Committee (PARTS)
Biological Control Agents Subcommittee (BCAS)
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14. Registration Cont.
PARTS is responsible for approval of technical
test results for registration and importation of
pesticides (Advise to NPPAC)
BCAS is responsible for approval of technical test
results for registration of any biological agent and
importation (Advise to NPPAC)
According to the PPA, 1997, the division
responsible for plant protection services of the
Ministry acts as the Secretariat of the NPPAC
The NPPAC Secretariat is responsible for
implementation of the decisions of NPPAC
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15. Registration cont.
Section 32 of PPA empowers the Minister
responsible for agriculture to appoint any
competent research institute and delegate to it
such powers or duties
Through a Ministerial order the Minister has
delegated such powers to The Tropical Pesticides
Research Institute (TPRI)
Registrar of Pesticides and Biological Control
Agents is appointed by the Minister but based at
TPRI
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16. REGISTRATION PROCEDURE
(Based on Regulations of 1998)
Fill in appropriate forms and submit to the
Registrar with Dossiers and label draft
The label draft must be in two versions – Kiswahili
and English
Pay the experimental registration fees (1000-
1500 USD)
Submit 3 samples of the candidate product (2 for
field trial and 1 for lab. analysis – quality
verification)
Submit Analytical Standards – for qualitative and
quantitative analysis.
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17. Reg. Procedures cont.
The Registrar submits the test report to the
applicable Subcommittee (PARTS /BCAS) for
scrutiny
PARTS/BACAS report must be submitted to
NPPAC for approval
Upon approval the candidate product is upgraded
from experimental registration category to either
provisional or restricted registration category
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18. Registration categories
1. Experimental category: Candidate product is not
allowed into the market for any use
2. Provisional category: Product is allowed in the
market for intended use only for two years
3. Restricted category: Product should be handled
and applied by technical/professional personnel
4. Full registration category: Product shall be in
this not more than 5 years. Thereafter its
registration must be renewed
The upgraded products from time to time are
gazetted by order of the Minister
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19. Biopesticides Registration status
Bio-pesticides registered or in the process of
registration at different stages/categories is as
follows:
(List: Next slide)
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20. List of Biopesticides
Bactivec (Bt): For Mosquito control [EXP]
Griselesf (Bs): Against mosquito [EXP]
Vectobac WDG (Bt): Mosquito larva control
[FULL]
Vectolex (Bt): [FULL]
Pyegar 35EC (Natural pyrethrum + Garlic
extract):- Various insect pests [FULL]
Nimbecidine 0.03% (Azadirachtin):- Insecticides
for ornamental and turf [FULL]
Neemraj Super (Azadirachtin):- Control of
bollworm on cotton [FULL]
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21. Bio-Agents Registration status
Currently there is no single biological control
agent registered in Tanzania
Department of Crop Development is currently
testing a biological control agent Beauveria
bassiana formulation (Bb) in controlling storage
pest, the Larger Grain Borer (LGB).
TAHA has identified 32 bio control agents and has
proposed to the Ministry its registration fast-
tracking
TAHA also has requested the government to
review the registration system of biolgical control
agents
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22. ZANZIBAR
Zanzibar PPA of 1997 is almost similar to the
Mainland PPA of 1997
However, in Zanzibar pesticides registration is
currently handled by the Zanzibar Food and
Drugs Board (ZFDB) in accordance with its law
The Zanzibar government have agreed to amend
the two laws and move the registration provisions
to PPA
Currently biopesticide/biological agent is
registered in Zanzibar
Test Results and pesticides registered by TPRI
are accepted in zanzibar
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23. RECOMMENDATIONS
Build capacity of the enforcement institutions i.e.
PHS, TPRI and other regulatory authorities and
laboratories in order to effectively enforce the
existing legislation.
Finalize review and updating existing
legislations (Plant Protection Act; Tropical
Pesticides Institutes Act), if possible put them
under one roof
Have specific provisions on registration of bio-
pesticides
Harmonize within the region
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