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በእንሰሳት እና ዓሳ ሃብት ሚንስቴር
የእንሰሳት ዝርያ ማሻሻያ ዳይሬክቶሬት
SmaRT Ethiopia workshop and field day on Small Ruminant Community Based Breeding
Program (CBBP)
Hosaena, Ethiopia, 27-28 March 2018
Breed improvement strategy for small ruminants
Dagne Muluneh, Ministry of Livestock and Fishery, Ethiopia
ማውጫ
 መግቢያ
 የበግና ፍየል እርባታ ጠቀሜታ
 መልካም አጋጣሚዎች
 የስጋ ምርትን ለማሳደግ የምዕተ አመቱ አቅጣጫ
 የተከናወኑ ተግባራት
 የወደፊት አቅጣጫ
በኢትዮጵያ
ዳልጋ ከብት (59.5),
በግ (30.69m),
ፍየል(30.2m),
ዶሮ (56.53m),
(ምንጭ 2016/17 CSA.)
ከላይ ከተጠቀሱት የእንሰሳት አይነት የዳልጋ በከብት 28, የበግ 9
, የፍየል 8, እና የግመል 7, ዝርያዎች እንደተለዩ የብዝሃ ህይወት
በ2014 የተዘጋጀ መጃ ያሳያል፡፡(EBI, 2014)
 ግመል (1.21m) ,
 ፈረስ(2.16m)and
 በቅሎ (0.41m)
በግና ፍየል እርባታ ያለው ጠቀሜታ
 የገቢ ምንጫቸው ዝቅተኛ ለሆኑ አርሶ አደሮች በተለይም የሰብል
ምርት አነስተኛ በሆነባቸው ከፍተኛ ደጋና ቆላማ አካባቢዎች
ከፍተኛውን አስተዋጥኦ ያደርጋሉ
 በሁሉም የአየር ቀጣና መርባት መቻላቸው
 የገቢ ምንጭ መሆናቸው
 ከፍተኛ የእርባታ መነሻ ካፒታል ፣ ብዙ መኖና ሰፊ ቦታ
የማይፈልጉ መሆናቸው
 ለወጣቶች እና ሴቶች የስራ እድል ፈጠራ አመቺነት
 የተመጣጠነ ምግብ /Nutrition sensitive/እንዲኖር ከዶሮ ቀጥሎ
የተሻለ አማራጭ መሆናቸው
የበግና ፍየል እርባታ ለማስቀጠል ያሉ መልካም አጋጣሚዎች
 የእንሰሳት ሃብት ሚንስቴር በሚንስቴር ደረጃ ተወቅሮ ስራ መጀመሩ
 የስጋ ፍላጎት መጨመር
 የኢንዱስተሪ ፓርክ መስፋፋት
 የአገር ውስጥና የውጭ አገር ገበያ ፍላጎት ከጊዜ ወደጊዜ እየጨመረ
መምጣት
 የግል ባለሃብቱ በእርባታው ዘርፍ ለመሰማራት እያሳየውያለው
ተነሳሽነት መጨመር
 በየቀበሌው የአርሶአደር ማሰልጠኛ ማእከላት መኖር
 በቀበሌ የእርባታ እና የጤና ባለሙያዎች መኖራቸው
የበግና ፍየል ዝርያ ማሻሻል
 በተመረጡ ስነ ምህዳሮች የበግና የፍየል ዝርያዎችን ምርትና ምርታማነትን
(ስጋ፣ ወተት፣ ሱፍ) ለማሻሻል የተሻለ ምርታማነት ያላቸዉን የሀገር በቀል
ዝርያዎች በራንቾች ውስጥ በመረጣ በማሻሻል ምርታማነታቸውን ማሻሻል፡፡
 ተሳትፎዊ የማሕበረሰብ የዝርያ ማሻሻል ፕሮግራም በመቅረጽ እንዲተገበር
ማድረግ፡፡
የበግና ፍየል ዝርያን ለማሻሻል በሚንስቴር መስሪያቤቱ እየተከናወኑ
ያሉ ተግባራት
 የዝርያ ማሻሻያ ፖሊሲ መጽደቁ
 ፖሊሲውን ማስፈጸሚያ አዋጅ ፣ደንብ እና መመሪያ ማዘጋጀት
 የዝርያ ማሻሻሉን ስራ በሃላፊነት የሚመራ ፣የሚከታተል እና የሚያስፈጽም
ብሔራዊ የእንሰሳት ዝርያ ማሻሻያ ኢንሰቲቲዩት እዲቋቋም ተደርጓል
 የበግና ፍየል ዝርያ ለማሻሻል የአሰራር ስርዓት ለመዘርጋት ዶክመንት እየተዘጋጀ
ይገኛል
 በምርምር እየተሰራ ያለውን የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ የዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ መከታተል፣
ተሞክሮ በመለየት እና በመቀመር ወደ ሌሎች እንዲሰፋ ስራዎች እየተሰሩ ነው
ባለፉት ጊዜያት እየተከናወኑ ያሉትን የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራዎች ከምርምር
ባለሙያዎች ጋር በመሆን ለማየት ተችለል
 በዚህም መሰረት
 በአማራ ክልል በመንዝ በግ ማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ
 በደቡብ ክልል በቦንጋ በግ ማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ
 በኦሮሚያ ክልል በሆሮ በግ ማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ
የተከናወኑ ተግባራትን የመከታተል አርቢውን ማህበረሰብ የማወያየት ስራ ተሰርቷል
የታዩ ጠንካራ ስራዎች
 ማህበረሰቡን ያሳተፈ ስራ በመሰራቱ ነባሩን የአርቢውን እውቀት መጠቀም መቻሉ
 የእንሰሳት መረጃ መመዝገብ ያለውን ጠቀሜታ መረዳት መቻሉ
 አርቢው በእጁ ያለውን የራሱን የበግ ዝርያ በማሻሻል ተጠቃሚ መሆን እንደሚችል
መደረጉ
 አርቢው ማህበረሰብ ከተሻሻሉ ዝርያዎች ሽያጭ ገቢውን ማሳደግ መቻሉ
 የበግና ፍየል ህብረት ስራ ማህበራት መመስረት እና ህጋዊ እውቅና መሰጠት መጀመሩ
 ብዛት ያላቸውነና ተመሳሳይ እድሜ ላይ ያሉ በጎችን ለገበያ ማቅረብ መቻሉ
 አርቢው ማህበረሰብ የተመረጠ አውራ አዘዋውሮ የመጠቀም ልምድ እያዳበረ
መምጣቱ
በእጥረት የታዩ
 የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻያ በሚሰራበት አካባቢ በምርምሩና በኤክስቴንሽኑ ሰራተኛው
መካከል ያለው የስራ ግንኙነት ጠንካራ አለመሆን
 ምርምሩ እና የኤክስቴንሽን ክፍሉ ተቀናጅቶ አለመስራት/ህብረት ስራ ማህበራት፣የወረዳ እና
የቀበሌ ባለሙያዎች/
 የገበያ ትስስር ደካማ /የአውራ ፣ የስጋ/
ምክረ ሃሳብ
 የተጀመረውን የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ የዝርያ ማሻሻል አጠናከሮ መቀጠል
በሁሉም ክልሎች ተግባራዊ ማድረግ
 በተጠና እና ዘለቂነት ባለው መልኩ ለመተግበር ሁሉም ክልሎች
የዝርያ እና ቦታ መረጣ ማካሄድ
 የምርምር ውጤቱ ከምርምር ወጥቶ ወደ ኤክስቴንሽኑ ለመተግበር
የሚያስችል መመሪያ እና የማሰልጠኛ ማኑዋል እና ፓኬጅ ማዘጋጀት
 የዝርያ ማሻሻያ ስራው ቀጣይ እንዲሆን ከምርምር ተቋማት ጋር
የቅንጅት ስራውን አጠናክሮ መቀጠል
 ተሞክሮ ቀምሮ ማስፋት
 የአውራ ዝውውር ስርዓት መዘርጋት የብቃት ማረጋገጫ ማዘጋጀት
 የመረጃ አያያዝ ስርዓቱን ዘመናዊ የማድረግ ስራ መስራት
አመሰግናለሁ!!!

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Breed improvement strategy for small ruminants

  • 1. በእንሰሳት እና ዓሳ ሃብት ሚንስቴር የእንሰሳት ዝርያ ማሻሻያ ዳይሬክቶሬት SmaRT Ethiopia workshop and field day on Small Ruminant Community Based Breeding Program (CBBP) Hosaena, Ethiopia, 27-28 March 2018 Breed improvement strategy for small ruminants Dagne Muluneh, Ministry of Livestock and Fishery, Ethiopia
  • 2. ማውጫ  መግቢያ  የበግና ፍየል እርባታ ጠቀሜታ  መልካም አጋጣሚዎች  የስጋ ምርትን ለማሳደግ የምዕተ አመቱ አቅጣጫ  የተከናወኑ ተግባራት  የወደፊት አቅጣጫ
  • 3. በኢትዮጵያ ዳልጋ ከብት (59.5), በግ (30.69m), ፍየል(30.2m), ዶሮ (56.53m), (ምንጭ 2016/17 CSA.) ከላይ ከተጠቀሱት የእንሰሳት አይነት የዳልጋ በከብት 28, የበግ 9 , የፍየል 8, እና የግመል 7, ዝርያዎች እንደተለዩ የብዝሃ ህይወት በ2014 የተዘጋጀ መጃ ያሳያል፡፡(EBI, 2014)  ግመል (1.21m) ,  ፈረስ(2.16m)and  በቅሎ (0.41m)
  • 4. በግና ፍየል እርባታ ያለው ጠቀሜታ  የገቢ ምንጫቸው ዝቅተኛ ለሆኑ አርሶ አደሮች በተለይም የሰብል ምርት አነስተኛ በሆነባቸው ከፍተኛ ደጋና ቆላማ አካባቢዎች ከፍተኛውን አስተዋጥኦ ያደርጋሉ  በሁሉም የአየር ቀጣና መርባት መቻላቸው  የገቢ ምንጭ መሆናቸው  ከፍተኛ የእርባታ መነሻ ካፒታል ፣ ብዙ መኖና ሰፊ ቦታ የማይፈልጉ መሆናቸው  ለወጣቶች እና ሴቶች የስራ እድል ፈጠራ አመቺነት  የተመጣጠነ ምግብ /Nutrition sensitive/እንዲኖር ከዶሮ ቀጥሎ የተሻለ አማራጭ መሆናቸው
  • 5. የበግና ፍየል እርባታ ለማስቀጠል ያሉ መልካም አጋጣሚዎች  የእንሰሳት ሃብት ሚንስቴር በሚንስቴር ደረጃ ተወቅሮ ስራ መጀመሩ  የስጋ ፍላጎት መጨመር  የኢንዱስተሪ ፓርክ መስፋፋት  የአገር ውስጥና የውጭ አገር ገበያ ፍላጎት ከጊዜ ወደጊዜ እየጨመረ መምጣት  የግል ባለሃብቱ በእርባታው ዘርፍ ለመሰማራት እያሳየውያለው ተነሳሽነት መጨመር  በየቀበሌው የአርሶአደር ማሰልጠኛ ማእከላት መኖር  በቀበሌ የእርባታ እና የጤና ባለሙያዎች መኖራቸው
  • 6. የበግና ፍየል ዝርያ ማሻሻል  በተመረጡ ስነ ምህዳሮች የበግና የፍየል ዝርያዎችን ምርትና ምርታማነትን (ስጋ፣ ወተት፣ ሱፍ) ለማሻሻል የተሻለ ምርታማነት ያላቸዉን የሀገር በቀል ዝርያዎች በራንቾች ውስጥ በመረጣ በማሻሻል ምርታማነታቸውን ማሻሻል፡፡  ተሳትፎዊ የማሕበረሰብ የዝርያ ማሻሻል ፕሮግራም በመቅረጽ እንዲተገበር ማድረግ፡፡
  • 7. የበግና ፍየል ዝርያን ለማሻሻል በሚንስቴር መስሪያቤቱ እየተከናወኑ ያሉ ተግባራት  የዝርያ ማሻሻያ ፖሊሲ መጽደቁ  ፖሊሲውን ማስፈጸሚያ አዋጅ ፣ደንብ እና መመሪያ ማዘጋጀት  የዝርያ ማሻሻሉን ስራ በሃላፊነት የሚመራ ፣የሚከታተል እና የሚያስፈጽም ብሔራዊ የእንሰሳት ዝርያ ማሻሻያ ኢንሰቲቲዩት እዲቋቋም ተደርጓል  የበግና ፍየል ዝርያ ለማሻሻል የአሰራር ስርዓት ለመዘርጋት ዶክመንት እየተዘጋጀ ይገኛል  በምርምር እየተሰራ ያለውን የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ የዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ መከታተል፣ ተሞክሮ በመለየት እና በመቀመር ወደ ሌሎች እንዲሰፋ ስራዎች እየተሰሩ ነው
  • 8. ባለፉት ጊዜያት እየተከናወኑ ያሉትን የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራዎች ከምርምር ባለሙያዎች ጋር በመሆን ለማየት ተችለል  በዚህም መሰረት  በአማራ ክልል በመንዝ በግ ማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ  በደቡብ ክልል በቦንጋ በግ ማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ  በኦሮሚያ ክልል በሆሮ በግ ማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻል ስራ የተከናወኑ ተግባራትን የመከታተል አርቢውን ማህበረሰብ የማወያየት ስራ ተሰርቷል
  • 9. የታዩ ጠንካራ ስራዎች  ማህበረሰቡን ያሳተፈ ስራ በመሰራቱ ነባሩን የአርቢውን እውቀት መጠቀም መቻሉ  የእንሰሳት መረጃ መመዝገብ ያለውን ጠቀሜታ መረዳት መቻሉ  አርቢው በእጁ ያለውን የራሱን የበግ ዝርያ በማሻሻል ተጠቃሚ መሆን እንደሚችል መደረጉ  አርቢው ማህበረሰብ ከተሻሻሉ ዝርያዎች ሽያጭ ገቢውን ማሳደግ መቻሉ  የበግና ፍየል ህብረት ስራ ማህበራት መመስረት እና ህጋዊ እውቅና መሰጠት መጀመሩ  ብዛት ያላቸውነና ተመሳሳይ እድሜ ላይ ያሉ በጎችን ለገበያ ማቅረብ መቻሉ  አርቢው ማህበረሰብ የተመረጠ አውራ አዘዋውሮ የመጠቀም ልምድ እያዳበረ መምጣቱ በእጥረት የታዩ  የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ ዝርያ ማሻሻያ በሚሰራበት አካባቢ በምርምሩና በኤክስቴንሽኑ ሰራተኛው መካከል ያለው የስራ ግንኙነት ጠንካራ አለመሆን  ምርምሩ እና የኤክስቴንሽን ክፍሉ ተቀናጅቶ አለመስራት/ህብረት ስራ ማህበራት፣የወረዳ እና የቀበሌ ባለሙያዎች/  የገበያ ትስስር ደካማ /የአውራ ፣ የስጋ/
  • 10. ምክረ ሃሳብ  የተጀመረውን የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ የዝርያ ማሻሻል አጠናከሮ መቀጠል በሁሉም ክልሎች ተግባራዊ ማድረግ  በተጠና እና ዘለቂነት ባለው መልኩ ለመተግበር ሁሉም ክልሎች የዝርያ እና ቦታ መረጣ ማካሄድ  የምርምር ውጤቱ ከምርምር ወጥቶ ወደ ኤክስቴንሽኑ ለመተግበር የሚያስችል መመሪያ እና የማሰልጠኛ ማኑዋል እና ፓኬጅ ማዘጋጀት  የዝርያ ማሻሻያ ስራው ቀጣይ እንዲሆን ከምርምር ተቋማት ጋር የቅንጅት ስራውን አጠናክሮ መቀጠል  ተሞክሮ ቀምሮ ማስፋት  የአውራ ዝውውር ስርዓት መዘርጋት የብቃት ማረጋገጫ ማዘጋጀት  የመረጃ አያያዝ ስርዓቱን ዘመናዊ የማድረግ ስራ መስራት