There are several types of stone masonry construction. Rubble masonry uses irregularly shaped stones laid without courses. The different types of rubble masonry include coursed, uncoursed, random, dry, polygonal, and flint rubble. Ashlar masonry uses dressed stone blocks laid in uniform courses. The faces of the stones are smooth or textured. Types of ashlar masonry include fine ashlar, rough tooled ashlar, rock faced ashlar, and chamfered ashlar which are cut at an angle. The document provides details on the characteristics of each stone masonry type.

1. Stone Masonry Types

2. The masonry work which is constructed in
stones is known as stone masonry.
DEFINITION-

3. • RUBBLE MASONRY ASHLAR MASONRY
1. Coursed Rubble 1. Ashlars fine
2. Un coursed Rubble 2. Ashlars rough tooled
3. Random Rubble 3. Ashlars rock faced
4. Dry Rubble 4. Ashlars chamfered
5. Polygonal Rubble 5. Ashlars block-in-
6. Flint Rubble course
STONE MASONRY

4. In this type of construction, the stones of
irregular size are used. The are obtain from
quarry, are taken in use in same form or
they are broken and shaped in suitable sizes
by means of hammer as the work proceed.
The strength of rubble masonry mainly
depends on three factors:
 The quality of mortar
 The use of long through stones at frequent
interval.
(I)RUBBLE MAONRY

5. This method of construction is the same as
uncoursed masonry except that the courses
varying from 30 to 45cm thick & all the courses
are not same height
For the construction of this type of masonry,
quoins are built first and line is stretched
between the tops of quoins. The tervening
walling is then brought up to this level by using
different size of stone.
COURSED ROUBLE MASONRY

6. This is the roughest & cheapest form of stone
walling.
In this type of masonry, the stones used are of
widely different sizes.
This type of masonry is used for the
construction of compound wall ,godowns
,garages, labour quarters etc.
It gives a increased strength & better
appearance.
2.UNCOURSED RUBBLE MASONRY

8. In this type of rubble masonry, the stones of
irregular size & shapes are used as shone in fig.
bellow.
In this masonry the stones are arranged so as to
have a good appearance.
To construct a this type of masonry wall, more
skill is required.
RANDOM RUBBLE MASONRY

9. Dry rubble masonry is that rubble masonry,
made to courses, in which mortar is not used in
the joints.
This type of construction is the cheapest &
requires more skill in construction.
This may be used for non load bearing walls,
retaining wall etc.
DRY RUBBLE MASONRY

10. In this type of rubble masonry, the stones are
hammer dressed & the stones selected for face
work are dressed in an irregular polygonal shape.
Thus the face joints are seen running in all
direction.
As the stone are of irregular shape, it is difficult to
adjust them with regard to stability & appearance
of the work as a whole. So more skill is required in
the construction of this type of masonry.
POLYGONAL RUBBLE MASONRY

11. In this type of rubble masonry stones used are
flints which are irregularly shaped nodules of
silica.
The width & thickness vary from 80mm to
150mm & length vary from 150mm to
300mm.The are extremely hard. But they are
brittle & therefore they break easily.
This type of masonry is used at place where
the flints are available readily &economically.
6.FLINTH RUBBLE MASONRY

12. In this type of construction, the square and
rectangular block of stones are used.
The courses are not necessarily of the same
height. The height of stones varies from 250mm
to 300mm.
ASHLAR MASONRY:

14. In this type of ashlar masonry, the bed, sides
faces are finely chisel dressed.
The stones are arranged in proper bond &
thickness of mortar joints does not exceed 3mm.
This type of construction gives perfectly smooth
appearance, but it is costly in construction
ASHLAR FINE MASONRY

15. In this type of ashlar masonry, the strip is provided
as ashlar rock masonry.
But it is chamfered or bevelled at an angle of 45
degrees by means of chisel for adepth of about
25mm.
Another strip is then provided on the remaining
exposes fase of the stone.
A neat appearance of the grooved joint is obtained
with the help of this type of construction.
ASHLAR CHAMFERED MASONRY