Iaetsd smart vehicle tracking system using gsm, gps and rc5

1. SMART VEHICLE TRACKING SYSTEM USING GSM, GPS AND RC5
Shreya Kaushal1
, Kavita Rahega2
IET Bhaddal Technical Campus, Ropar1
Gurukul Vidyapeeth Institute of Engineering and Technology2
Abstract
Currently almost of the public having an own
vehicle, theft is happening on parking and
sometimes driving insecurity places. The safe of
vehicles is extremely essential for public vehicles.
Vehicle tracking and locking system installed in the
vehicle, to track the place and locking engine
motor. The place of the vehicle identified using
Global Positioning system (GPS) and Global
system mobile communication (GSM). These
systems constantly watch a moving Vehicle and
report the status on demand. When the theft
identified, the microcontroller automatically sends
SMS to the authorized person, while as the
microcontroller also stops the engine motor.
Authorized person has nothing to do in such a
smart system. The whole work is done by the
microcontroller itself. Once the Car is locked using
a remote, on theft attempt an automatic message is
sent to the car owner along with the car location.
The GPS/GSM Based System is one of the most
important systems, which integrate both GSM and
GPS technologies. It is necessary due to the many
of applications of both GSM and GPS systems and
the wide usage of them by millions of people
throughout the world.
1. Introduction
GSM and GPS based vehicle location and tracking
system will provide effective, real time vehicle
location, mapping and reporting this information
value and add by improving the level of service
provided. A GPS-based vehicle tracking system
will inform where your vehicle is and where it has
been, how long it has been. The system uses
geographic position and time information from the
Global Positioning Satellites. The system has an
"On- Board Module" which resides in the vehicle
to be tracked and a "Base Station" that monitors
data from the various vehicles. The On-Board
module consists of GPS receiver, a GSM modem
Various problems that we face:
1. In critical condition (when vehicle is stolen), one
is confused what to do,
2. If one has something expensive and he wants to
check it regularly ,
3. To find the shortest path available.
This system has Global Positioning System (GPS)
which will receive the coordinates from the
satellites among other critical information.
Tracking system is very important in modern
world. This can be useful in soldier monitoring,
tracking of the theft vehicle and various other
applications. The system is microcontroller based
that consists of a global positioning system (GPS)
and global system for mobile communication
(GSM). This project uses only one GPS device and
a two way communication process is achieved
using a GSM modem. GSM modem, provided with
a SIM card uses the same communication process
as we are using in regular phone.
This system is user friendly, easily installable,
easily accessible and can be used for various other
purposes. The system allows to track the target
anytime and anywhere in any weather conditions.
The applications include monitoring driving
performance of a parent with a teen driver. Vehicle
tracking systems accepted in consumer vehicles as
a theft prevention and retrieval device. If the theft
identified, the system sends the SMS to the vehicle
owner, once the car has been locked.
2. The two modules of the GPS based navigation
system
The project can be divided into two basic modules:
1. The GPS reception system:
This is the main module. This consists of building
the hardware for reception of data from satellites
through a GPS receiver, synchronizing the receiver
with the satellite through G-monitor software,
extracting appropriate data from GPS receiver once
it has been synchronized, calculating Indian
Standard Time (IST) and displaying the data on a
LCD screen.
2. Tracking of a target location:
This consists of designing the Visual Basic
Interface, extracting relevant positional data from
microcontroller, comparing target location and
current location and tracking by a vehicle as a
result of this comparison.
2.1 Requirements of the system
The hardware elements used for the two modules
are: GPS receiver, GPS antenna, UART 16C550,
PIC 16F73, LCD Screen, A toy vehicle.
2.2 The software used is:
1. MPLAB IDE for the assembly language coding
of PIC16F73
2. PicKit programming software
The hardware setup for synchronizing the GPS
receiver is very simple. We have to connect a GPS
antenna to the receiver and interface the receiver to
a computer through a MAX 232 chip. Then we use
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
International Conference on Advancements in Engineering Research
ISBN NO : 378 - 26 - 138420 - 8
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2. the Gmonitor software to synchronize the GPS
receiver with the satellites.
Figure 1. Block Diagram of Transmitting unit
Figure 2. Block Diagram of Receiver unit.
The antenna used for reception of information from
GPS satellites is the “GPS Smart Antenna”. This
antenna is used to establish contact by the GPS
receiver with the satellites. It has a magnet base
which helps in easy mounting. Once the antenna
has been positioned properly and connected with
the GPS receiver, we can start synchronizing the
GPS receiver with the satellites through Gmonitor
software.
The GPS receiver used is the “GPS-MS1E”- a fully
self controlled receiver module for Global
Positioning System manufactured by SiRF
technology, Inc.Nowadays, data is relayed
according to NMEA-0183 specification. NMEA
has several data sets. In our application, we make
use of the RMC- Recommended Minimum Specific
data set. RMC data set: the RMC data set contains
information on time, latitude, longitude, height,
system status, speed, course and date. This data set
is relayed by all GPS receivers.Now that the GPS
receiver is receiving valid data, we proceed to
connect the GPS receiver to the
PIC18F452microcontroller through UART16C550.
Once this is accomplished, we then proceed to
display the appropriate data on an LCD.
3. Proposed Circuit Diagram
The circuit diagram of the vehicle tracking and
locking embedded system using GPS and GSM
technology is shown in Fig. The compact circuitry
is built around PIC 16F73 Microcontroller. The
PIC16F73 is a low power; high performance
CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8 kB of Flash
programmable and erasable read only memory
(PEROM). It has 256 bytes of RAM, 32
input/output (I/O) lines, three 16-bit timers/
counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt
architecture a full-duplex serial port, an on-chip
oscillator and clock circuit. The system clock also
plays a significant role in operation of the
microcontroller. An 10 MHz quartz crystal
connected to pins 18 and 19 provides basic clock to
the microcontroller. Power-on reset is provided by
the combination of electrolytic capacitor C3 and
resistor R1. Port pins P2.0 through P2.7 of the
microcontroller are connected to data port pins D0
through D7 of the LCD, respectively. Port pins
P0.5, P0.6 and P0.7 of the microcontroller are
connected to Register-select (RS), Read / write
(RW) and enable (E) pins of the LCD, respectively.
All the data is sent to the LCD in ASCII format for
display. Only the commands are sent in hex form.
Register-select (RS) signal is used to distinguish
between data (RS=1) and command (RS=0). Preset
RV1 is used to control the contrast of the LCD.
Resistor 10k limits the current through the
backlight of the LCD. Port pins P3.0 (RXD) and
P3.1 (TXD) of the microcontroller are used to
interface with the RFID reader through RS232 and
GSM Modem are used to interface through
Max232. Port pins from P1.0 to P2.7 of the
microcontroller are connected to keyboard. The
GPS and GSM are used to connect through RXD
and TXD pins of the microcontroller for further
processing. Using RC5, the car is locked and GSM
module is used to send SMS if a theft attempt is
detected. If unauthorized person enter into the car,
the microcontroller checks whether the car is still
in locked condition, if yes it senses the theft
attempt and locks the car then the controller issues
the message about the location of the vehicle to car
owner or authorized person.
To open the door or to restart the engine authorized
person needs to unlock the car. In this method,
tracking of vehicle location easy and also engine(s)
are locked automatically thereby thief cannot get
away from the car.
Figure 3. circuit diagram of vehicle tracking and locking
embedded system using GPS and GSM technology
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International Conference on Advancements in Engineering Research
ISBN NO : 378 - 26 - 138420 - 8
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3. 4. Hardware Design
PIC16F73 microcontroller is the heart of the
project that is used for interfacing. Two pins are
VCC pins and other two pins are at ground. Pin 9 is
reset pin. A crystal oscillator of 10 MHz is
connected to the microcontroller. RS-232 protocol
is used as serial communication between the
microcontroller, GPS and GSM modem. A serial
driver MAX232, 16 pin IC is used for converting
RS-232 voltage levels into TTL voltage levels.
There are four electrolytic capacitors which are
used with MAX232. A 12V battery is used to
power the circuit. A 7805 regulator is used to
convert 12V into 5V. The microcontroller and
MAX232 are powered by 5V. LED indicates the
presence of power supply.
Figure 3.Block diagram of Vehicle tracking and
locking system based on GSM, GPS and RC5
5. Debugging and Testing Process
A microcontroller-based system is a complex
activity that involves hardware and software
interfacing with the external world. Doing well
design of a microcontroller-based system requires
skills to use the variety of debugging and testing
tools available. The debugging and testing of
microcontroller-based systems divided into two
groups: software-only tools and software-hardware
tools. Software-only tools come as monitors and
simulators, which are independent of the hardware
under development. Software-hardware tools are
usually hardware dependent, more expensive and
range from in-circuit emulators and in-circuit
simulators to in-circuit debuggers. In general, the
higher the level of integration with the target
hardware, the greater the benefit of a tool, resulting
in a shorter development time, but the greater the
cost as well. The factors to consider when choosing
a debugging tool are cost, ease of use and the
features offered during the debugging process.
The user program operated in a simulated
environment where the user can insert breakpoints
within the code to stop the code and then analyze
the internal registers and memory, display and
change the values of program variables and so on.
Incorrect logic or errors in computations can
analyze by stepping through the code in simulation.
Simulators run at speeds 100 to 1000 times slower
than the actual micro controller hardware and, thus,
long time delays should avoid when simulating a
program. Micro controller-based systems usually
have interfaces to various external devices such as
motors, I/O ports, timers, A/D converters, displays,
push buttons, sensors and signal generators, which
are usually difficult to simulate. Some advanced
simulators, such as the Proteus from Lab center
Electronics allow the simulation of various
peripheral devices.
Inputs to the simulator can come from files that
may store complex digital I/O signals and
waveforms. Outputs can be as form of digital data
or waveforms, usually stored in a file, or displayed
on a screen. Some simulators accept only the
assembly language of the target microcontroller. It
has become necessary to simulate a program has
written in a high-level language.
The software program has been written in C or
assembly language and compiled using MPLAB
8.0 software. After compiler operation, the hex
code generated and stored in the computer. The hex
code of the program should be loaded into the
PIC16f73 micro controller by using Top win
Universal programmer.
6. Hardware Assembling and Testing:
First step, we need to make single side PCB
layout for the given circuit diagram. After made
the PCB the following process is required to
complete the project:-
1. Assemble all the components on the PCB based
on circuit diagram.
2. This will Include Power Supply, Controller
circuit, 16×2 LCD, TSOP 1738, IC L293D, DC
geared motor and the required components like
Chassis, Chester wheel and dummy motor
3. TX and RX pins of the GSM modem to RX and
TX Pins of Micro controller respectively.
4. L293D is 16 pin IC whose pins are connected to
+5V Ground (0V) and different pins of the micro
controller while a few a left behind or not
connected.
5. The various Pins of PiC 16f73 are connected to
power supply, IC L293D, LED‟s ( to check the
various responses), TSOP 1738 (used to receive
signals from a Remote control), LCD (16×2 i.e., 16
characters in 2 lines each) and to the two modules
viz., GSM and GPS modules.
6. Insert a valid SIM in the GSM modem.
7. Connect the GPS module according to circuit
diagram.
8. The power supply consists of three 4V, 1 Amp
rechargeable batteries which provide supply to the
whole circuit and can be recharged by connecting
the output of the batteries to the input of 12V
regulator (7805). Positive output of the battery to
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
International Conference on Advancements in Engineering Research
ISBN NO : 378 - 26 - 138420 - 8
www.iaetsd.in
75

4. the 12V input of the 7805 regulator and negative
output to the ground of 7805 regulator.
The project is implemented and tested successfully.
This system is very useful and secure for car
owners.
Figure 4. Hardware Design of the System
7. Objective and Future Scope
The objective of the project is to build an additional
feature to the present security system that will warn
the owner of the vehicle by sending SMS when
there has been an intrusion into the vehicle and to
provide a solution to avoid car stolen in the lower
cost than advance security car system. The project
is all about controlling theft of a vehicle. The
system is about making vehicle more secure by the
use of GPS and GSM technology. The other
objectives may include:-
1. Developing Automatic Vehicle Location system
using GPS for positioning information and
GSM/GPRS or information transmission with
following features.
2. Acquisition of vehicle’s location information
(latitude longitude) after specified time interval.
3. Transmission of vehicle’s location and other
information (including ignition status, door
open/close status) to the monitoring
station/Tracking server after specified interval of
time.
This project can be further enhanced by the use of
camera and by developing a mobile based
application to get the real time view of the vehicle
instead to check it on PC, which would be more
convenient for the user to track the target and to
provide a solution to avoid car stolen in the lower
cost than advance security car system
8. Conclusion
Tracking system is becoming increasingly
important in large cities and it is more secured than
other systems. It is completely integrated so that
once it is implemented in all vehicles, then it is
possible to track anytime from anywhere. It has
real-time capability, emerges in order to strengthen
the relations among people, vehicle and road by
putting modern information technologies together
and able to forms a real time accurate, effective
comprehensive transportation system.
In this paper, we have proposed a novel method of
vehicle tracking and locking systems used to track
the theft vehicle by using GPS and GSM
technology. When the car is locked using a remote,
engines are automatically locked. In case a theft is
identified by the microcontroller, it sends the exact
location of the vehicle to the owner and also
engines remain in the same condition i.e., Locked.
When the theft identified, the responsible people
does not have to anything as the system is pretty
smart that it automatically sends SMS to the
authorized person, then issue the control signals to
stop the engine motor. After that all the doors
locked. To open the doors or to restart the engine
authorized person needs to unlock the car using the
remote. In this method, one can easily track the
vehicle anytime and anywhere in any weather
References:-
1. Asaad M. J. Al-Hindawi, Ibraheem Talib,
“Experimentally Evaluation of GPS/GSM Based
System Design”, Journal of Electronic Systems
Vol. 2 No- 2 pp-230-233, June 2012.
2. Albert Alexe, R.Ezhilarasie, “Cloud Computing
Based Vehicle Tracking Information Systems”,
IJCST Vol. 2, Issue 1,pp 432-446 March 2011.
3. Chen Peijiang, Jiang Xuehua, “Design and
Implementation of Remote monitoring system
based on GSM,” IOSR Journal of Electronics and
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Parking Reservation System Using GSM
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Based Vehicle Tracking Information Systems”,
IJCST, ISSN: 2229-4333, Vol. 2, Issue 1, March
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6. Kai-Tai Song, Chih-Chieh Yang, of National
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INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
International Conference on Advancements in Engineering Research
ISBN NO : 378 - 26 - 138420 - 8
www.iaetsd.in
76