1. Towards Cleaner India: Providing clean drinking water
and proper sanitation facility to all
Team Details :
Sandeep Roshan Dempta [Y10 MSE IITK]
Sanjay Kumar Meena [Y10 ChE IITK]
Anil Kumar Meena [Y10 ChE IITK]
Diyvanshu [Y10 CHM IITK]
Akansha Nimesh [Y10 CHM IITK]

2. Why Water, Sanitation, Hygiene?
-1.7 million (22% of world total) of
the Under-5 children that died in
2010 were Indian
-Diarrhea in one among the largest
killer diseases (13% deaths)
-Worldwide over 80% of diarrheal
deaths are due to unsafe water,
inadequate sanitation and poor
hygiene

3. “Around 1,000 children below the age of five die every day in
India from diarrhoea, hepatitis-causing pathogens and other
sanitation-related diseases, according to the report of United
Nations Children’s Fund.”
Major Challenges Faced
● 63.8 crore Indians still defecate in the open and less than a quarter have
access to drinking water in their premises.
● To increase the coverage of different sanitation facilities in rural areas.Only a
third of India’s Nation has access to proper sanitation, resulting in human
excrement seeping into water pools.
● To change the mindset of rural population and to encourage wide use of
sanitation facilities and proper hygienic behaviour among all communities.
● Conversion of the “Kutchha Latrines” into Sanitary Latrine.
● To apprise the rural population about the desired benefits from proper
sanitation facilities like, prevention of water & sanitation related diseases and
loss of working mandays and ensuring secured sanitation facilities especially
for the privacy for the womenfolk etc
● Creating sanitation infrastructure and public services that work for everyone, including poor people, and that keep
waste out of the environment is a major challenge

4. Feasible Solutions
SUSTAINABLE SANITATION SOLUTION FOR URBAN SLUMS
● The Swedish-designed biodegradable plastic bag which, in an effort to
tackle sanitation issues in developing countries, turns human waste into
fertilizer.
INCINERATOR FOR SCHOOL TOILET WASTE
● The incinerator burns/incinerates wastes loke soiled cloth, cotton waste,
sanitary napkins,paper towels etc., The waste gets converted into ash and
other non-hazardous residues. The incinerator is user friendly and manually
operated. The cost of this technology is not very high which is around Rs.
1200-1500/- .
LOW COST EXCRETA DISPOSAL FOR HOUSEHOLD
● Conventional pit latrine, Pour flush latrine, offset pit latrine

5. Rural
● Quality of water not guaranteed
● Sanitation near Handpumps.
Urban
● No guarantee that tomorrow
water service , thus encoureges
water mafia tankers, culture of
submersible pumps (10-15 k).
● Open Sewers !!!
● Draining Systems.
● Strategic Location og Garbage
bin
DIFFERENCES IN URBAN AND RURAL
SITUATION

6. STRATEGY
● Investments must be customized and targeted to those most in need.:-
With more than 450 million Indians living below the poverty line, only a few of the
poor who have inadequate sanitation can be assisted right away. Due to limited
resources, programs should target groups or locations lagging behind the furthest.
● Community-based solutions must be adopted where possible:- An
approach known as Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) has been found to be
effective in promoting change at the community level. Efforts must address
sociocultural attitudes toward sanitation and involve women as agents of change.
Another innovation is the socialized community-fund raising, which has met great
success among the rural poor.
● Use of children as agents of change:-School children are thought to follow
sanitation and hygiene in their lives. These children take the messages home to their
family.
● Innovative partnerships must be forged to stimulate investments:- The key
is to stimulate investments from as wide a range of sources as possible, including
the private sector, nongovernment organizations (NGOs), and consumers
themselves. This may require working with a wide range of partners through
innovative public–private partnerships.

7. SOLUTIONS
PORTABLE TOILETS :- The sevice must be provided
by the nagarpalika ensuring proper charges and cleaner
and greener practices.
COMMUNITY TOILETS:- Various toilets at community
level should be build keeping in mind the low operating
cost and accessibility to the people.
DISPOSAL OF HUMAN EXCRETA:- It should be
ensured that the compost and human excreta is
disposed carefully either by incinerating it or dumping it
in areas far from agricultural land and human
settlement.
Motivate communities and Panchayati Raj Institutions
promoting sustainable sanitation facilities through
awareness creation and health education.

8. •A school sanitation and health work book for students from grade V
to IX in association with SSA. The book should be in hand book in
simple language with topical illustrations.

9. RURAL DRINKING WATER
Primary Target
-To explore any uncovered habitation and ensure that the population gets
atleast 55lpcd of potable water from sources lying within the village or
nearby.
-85% of the drinking water in rural areas are ground based and contain
contaminants primarily of arsenic,flouride ,iron and nitrate .Hence the main
focus is to priritize addressing the problems of arsenic and fluoride in
drinking water throughalternative surface water sourcers.
-Focus on piped water supply instead of hand-pumps.
-Conjoint approach of rural drinking water supply with rural sanitation –
to provide piped water supply to open defecation free GP’s on priority.
-Allocation of funds for Operation and Maintenance should be increased .
-Project approved under NRDWP and National Clean Energy Fund for
Solar Powered Dual pump based piped water supply schemes should be
expanded.
-Incentives for asha workers for motivating people for building hand
pumps.