3. COBS
WORKINGLIVING
CIRCULATION
• The Radiant City
•An organism capable of housing the
works of man of machine-age society.
• placed under the masterful
government of natural conditions:
•Sun
•Space
•Greenery
•And its mission is the service of
mankind:
•To live
•To work
•To cultivate body and spirit
•To travel about
(in this order and obeying this
hierarchy)
4. Why People TravelWhy People Travel– People travel for:
– doing jobs
– Availing Economic opportunities
– Sourcing food, essential services
– Personal Development( going to school, cultural
activities)
– Entertainment ( sports, pictures, parks)
– Meeting daily needs of life (living, working)
– Bridging gap between place of working and living
– Tourism
– Technological advances -----easy availability of
mechanical vehicles- cars , buses , trains
– Participation in modern life
– essential feature of urban life
– Need to travel is a desired need
6. Importance of TransportationImportance of Transportation
• Economic growth and transportation positively co-related
• Transportation leverages
-- Development – Economic, social, cultural , physical,
industrial growth.
• -- bridges gap between demand / supply of goods/ services
• -- links area of production and consumption
• Inadequate transportation-- adversely impacts economic/
social growth.
• -- safe, economical ,speedier/ efficient movement of goods/
service
- Progress follows the lines of communication
- Population settles along lines of communication-
- Transportation-- used for decentralization / decongestion of
population/economic activities
- Setting up satellite towns, counter-magnets
7. Importance of TransportationImportance of Transportation
- Transportation Promotes
- -- National /Regional integration
- Standard of living in undeveloped areas
--- knowledge, learning ,improved trade and culture
- Concentration of population
- Economy and employment opportunities
- Better education/healthcare amenities
- Helps poor to make better earning
- Safety, law and order
- Transportation Improves balanced development - country/Rural by;
- Promoting growth of agriculture/supply of agricultural inputs
- -- marketing agricultural produce in nearby markets,
- -- providing education, healthcare, facilities ,
- -- increasing employment,
- -- reducing migration,
- -- promoting rural industries,
- -- diversification of agriculture,
9. History of TransportationHistory of Transportation
• Transportation -- story of evolution of technology
• Starting from---- Walking--- Riding Animals---Using boats for
travel on water-- Riding in groups on vehicles pulled by
animals- Cable cars—large capacity steam powered trains---
Ships--electric trains—motor buses powered by internal
combustion engines- Aero-planes
• Transportation -- story of gradually increasing;
• --Speed, Vehicle capacity,
• -- range of travel, shaping cities
• -- Structuring lives of people living in cities
• History of mass transportation -- intimately connected to :
• industrialization,
• urbanization, and
• Separation of residence from workplace.
11. Population Scenario- India-2011Population Scenario- India-2011
• Population of India reached
• 250 million in 1919
• 500 million in 1966 (47 yrs. Later)
• 1000 million in 2000 ( 34 yrs. Later)
• 1027 million in 2001 (1yr Later)
• 1210 million in 2011 (10 yrs. Later)
• Last century --- 5 fold growth in population
• 2050- Indian population- 1600 mil. -- 50% in Urban India.
• Metropolitan Centres -5 (1951)- -53 (2011)-68(2031)
• 10 m plus- nil (1951)- 3 (2011) -7 (2031)-9 (2051
• Urban India --first time added more persons(91m) than
Rural India(90m)in last decade
• massive shift of population -not simply a shift of demographics
• Shift places cities/towns at centre of India’s development
trajectory.
• Increased population requires
• More cities, More housing,
• More educational/ healthcare/ institutions
• More commercial space ,More transportation– More
infrastructure– more Resources
18. Urbanization-issuesUrbanization-issues
• Despite distinct advantages , Urban
centers:
Poorly managed and governed.
Fail to meet challenges of urban dynamism
Haphazard /Unplanned pattern of development.
Enormous growth of slums
Poor quality of life
Failure to meet basic needs of
1. Shelter
2. Services
3. Land ,Water/ Sanitation
• Population , Poverty , Pollution and traffic have emerged
as the greatest threat and challenge to Indian Cities.
• Indian Urbanization is rightly called :
Urbanization of Population
Urbanization of Poverty
Urbanization of Pollution
19. • Cities profoundly alter the :
--quality of life
-impact local and global environment
- consume 70% energy / generate 73% carbon
footprints
•Cities fast emerging as GREY CITIES,
• the way they:
Use land
Consume resources
Create high energy demand
Increase travel needs
Create heat islands
Generate waste
Create ecological problems
Destroy natural habitat
Add to water pollution
Adversely impact environment
Lower down quality of life
Urbanization-issuesUrbanization-issues
20. Cities fast emerging as large consumers of resources andCities fast emerging as large consumers of resources and
generators of waste due to:generators of waste due to:
Concentration of large population.
Concentration of large number of activities.
Increasing size of cities.
Increasing travel demand.
Increased travel distance.
Increased use of personal vehicles.
Construction of large number of buildings
Cooling / heating spaces for comfortable living/working.
Energy consumptions levels are rising rapidly due to:Energy consumptions levels are rising rapidly due to:
Increasing income level.
Higher car ownership.
Travel becoming a habit.
Designing buildings without caring for energy
implications
Increasing level of living comforts.
--Considering multiple impacts -essential to
make cities sustainable
-- converting existing GREY CITIES to
Urbanization-issuesUrbanization-issues
24. • Traffic & Travel worst gifts of UrbanizationTraffic & Travel worst gifts of Urbanization
•Large mismatch between vehicleLarge mismatch between vehicle
population and road capacitypopulation and road capacity
•In last 53 yearsIn last 53 years
•--,motor vehicle population recorded--,motor vehicle population recorded
-CAGR growth of 10.9%CAGR growth of 10.9%
- compared to 3.6% in road length withcompared to 3.6% in road length with
National Highways increasing merely byNational Highways increasing merely by
2.3%.2.3%.
•Cities produce 70% global green houseCities produce 70% global green house
gas emissions,gas emissions,
•--largely by transportation and buildings--largely by transportation and buildings
•Travel becoming more expensive for poorTravel becoming more expensive for poor
with elimination of pedestrians / bicycleswith elimination of pedestrians / bicycles
•Travel becoming risky withTravel becoming risky with
•-- accidents increasing from 1.6 lakhs to-- accidents increasing from 1.6 lakhs to
3.9 lakhs during 1981-20013.9 lakhs during 1981-2001
• majority of causalities among cyclists,majority of causalities among cyclists,
pedestrians and pavement dwellerspedestrians and pavement dwellers
•Vehicular congestion and traffic jamsVehicular congestion and traffic jams
becoming order of daybecoming order of day
TRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIATRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIA
25. ::
•Heterogeneous TrafficHeterogeneous Traffic
•increasing individual vehicle ownership;increasing individual vehicle ownership;
•low road capacity;low road capacity;
•poor road geometry;poor road geometry;
•large obsolete vehicular population;large obsolete vehicular population;
• inefficient and inadequate publicinefficient and inadequate public
transportation;transportation;
•low priority for traffic planning; ;low priority for traffic planning; ;
•Low priority to bicycles and pedestriansLow priority to bicycles and pedestrians
• poor traffic management;poor traffic management;
• mismatch between vehicle density andmismatch between vehicle density and
road capacity;road capacity;
•multiplicity of agencies involvedmultiplicity of agencies involved
• absence of unified traffic regulatoryabsence of unified traffic regulatory
authority;authority;
• acute problems of parking;acute problems of parking;
•
TRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIA- ISSUESTRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIA- ISSUES
26. TRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIA- ISSUESTRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIA- ISSUES
• Transport systems impacts environment
accounting for between 20% and 25% of
• world energy consumption and
• --carbon dioxide emissions
• --
97%, emissions, came from direct burning of
fossil fuels.
• --
GHG emissions from transport increasing at a
faster rate than any other sector
• --Road transport -- a major contributor to local
air pollution / smog.
27. Traffic CongestionTraffic Congestion
• TRAFFIC CONGESTION IN CITIES:-
-- HINDERS THE MOBILITY OF PEOPLE AND GOODS
-- INCREASINGLY UNDERMINING THE–
i. ECONOMIC,
ii. SOCIAL AND
iii. ENVIRONMENTAL WELFARE OF OUR CITIES.
• TRAFFIC CONGESTION MAKES CITIES:
i LESS PLEASANT AND
• ii MORE EXPENSIVE PLACES -- TO LIVE, WORK AND PLAY.
• iii Hampers urban vitality
• The demand for road space continues to grow due to----
• i) increased car ownership,
• ii)demand for higher mobility
• Iii higher freight traffic.
• In cities which are already built:
• - the supply of road space and
• -- space for parking within cities is finite,
• the use of road space therefore has to be managed.
•
28. Registered MV in India on 31.03. 2015Registered MV in India on 31.03. 2015
• Total registered vehicles in India – 21,00,23,289
• -- 7 states have more than 100,,00,000 registered motor
vehicles --. Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat,
Karnataka, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh
• Registered motor vehicles in
• --Maharashtra -- 25562175 (12.17%) of registered motor
vehicles in India .
• -- Tamil Nadu -- 22518669 (10.72%)
• -- Uttar Pradesh -- 21635531 ( 10.3%)
• --Gujarat -- 18720567 ( 8.91%)
• --Karnataka --14784961 (7.04%)
• -- Rajasthan -- 12378929 (5.89%)
• -- Madhya Pradesh-- 11141127 (5.3%)
• -- Delhi --maximum number of Vehicles-- 8850720 (4.21%)
42. SDG 11- Make cities and human settlementsSDG 11- Make cities and human settlements
inclusive ,safe, resilient and sustainableinclusive ,safe, resilient and sustainable
44. Smart City Mission in IndiaSmart City Mission in India
• Smart Cities Mission is an;
• urban renewal, green field and retrofitting program
• Launched by Government of India to develop 100 cities
• making them
• citizen friendly,
• people centric
• promoting sustainable and inclusive development
• providing basic amenities/ assured quality of life
• Through application of ‘Smart’ Solutions.
• To create a replicable model for other aspiring cities.
• Green Field / Brown field development, Pan city approach
• making cities more productive and operationally efficient
• Smart Cities Awas Yojna Mission launched in June 2015.[
45. Smart City Mission in IndiaSmart City Mission in India
• Core infrastructure elements in a smart city include:
• i. adequate water supply,
• ii. assured electricity supply,
• iii. sanitation, including solid waste management,
• iv. efficient urban mobility and public transport,
• v. affordable housing, especially for the poor,
• vi. robust IT connectivity and digitalization,
• vii. good governance, especially e-Governance and citizen
participation,
• viii. sustainable environment,
• ix. safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children
and the elderly, and
• x. health and education.
47. -Redefining approach to Urban Planning.-Redefining approach to Urban Planning.
-Redefining shape and size of cities-Redefining shape and size of cities
-Making cities compact-Making cities compact
-Promoting sustainable communities-Promoting sustainable communities
-Reordering prioritization of modes of travel-Reordering prioritization of modes of travel
•-Making public transport more equitable,-Making public transport more equitable,
reliable, affordable, safe, comfortable,reliable, affordable, safe, comfortable,
sustainable, energy/operationally efficient, cost-sustainable, energy/operationally efficient, cost-
effective, eco/ users friendlyeffective, eco/ users friendly
•Equitable allocation of road space.Equitable allocation of road space.
•Road PricingRoad Pricing
• Promoting intelligent/smart transportationPromoting intelligent/smart transportation
•Creating public awarenessCreating public awareness
•Involving communities/ stakeholdersInvolving communities/ stakeholders
•Deregistration of Old VehiclesDeregistration of Old Vehicles
•Establishing effective regulatory/enforcementEstablishing effective regulatory/enforcement
mechanismsmechanisms
SUSTAINABLE/SMART TRANSPORTATIONSUSTAINABLE/SMART TRANSPORTATION
48. principles in Sustainableprinciples in Sustainable TransportTransport
PlanningPlanning
• Promoting Accessibility and not mobility
• Planning for people not for vehicles
• Moving people, not cars
• Keeping space for walking and pedalled vehicles
• Integrating planning for
• -- making cities compact to
• - minimizing travel
• Reducing travel demand
• --responding to climate change
• -- promote sustainable development
49. 8 Principles of transportation to8 Principles of transportation to
make cities greatmake cities great
• The 8 Principles for Better Streets and Better Cities
• WALK -- Develop neighbourhoods that promote walking
• CYCLE -Prioritize non-motorized transport networks
• CONNECT -Create dense networks of streets and paths
• TRANSIT - Locate development near high-quality public
transport
• MIX -- Plan for mixed use
• DENSIFY -- Optimize density and transit capacity
• COMPACT - Create regions with short commutes
• SHIFT - Increase mobility by regulating parking and road use
50.
51. 8 Principles of transportation to8 Principles of transportation to
make cities greatmake cities great
52. Defining Sustainable TransportDefining Sustainable Transport
• Sustainable Transport --
• -- sometimes known as Green Transport
• -- form of transport that does not use / rely
on dwindling natural resources.
• -- relies on renewable /regenerated energy
• -- rather than fossil fuels that have a finite life
expectancy
55. Compact City- advantagesCompact City- advantages
• Compact city– best option to rationalize travel /
promote sustainable transport because it-
• Minimizes distance between place of work /living/amenities
• Reduces demand for personalized vehicles
• Reduces Congestion
• Reduces environmental pollution
• --Improves road safety
• --Promotes pedestrianisation & cycling
• --Makes mass transportation effective
• --optimizes land use due to lower area under roads/parking
• -- makes available large open spaces
• -Makes city development cost-effective- less roads etc
56. PLANNING COMPACT CITIES-PLANNING COMPACT CITIES-
optionsoptions
Make cities compact by;Make cities compact by;
.. – promoting High-density development– promoting High-density development
-- adopting Transit oriented development-- adopting Transit oriented development
-- Raising Height and-- Raising Height and
-Rationalizing land uses and Building bye-lawsRationalizing land uses and Building bye-laws
-Building inside not outsideBuilding inside not outside
--- Building vertical not horizontal-- Building vertical not horizontal
--- Building High not low-- Building High not low
--- Building mix not pure-- Building mix not pure
---Building dense not shallow--Building dense not shallow
---Building accessibility not mobility--Building accessibility not mobility
-- Building for people not for vehicles-- Building for people not for vehicles
-- optimizing current infrastructure.-- optimizing current infrastructure.
65. Amazing Future Green Cities ofAmazing Future Green Cities of
world –Musdar –Abu Dhabi-UAEworld –Musdar –Abu Dhabi-UAE A city of 50,000population
City of no cars , no waste
Planned to make use of cool sea winds
Using solar energy on rooftop
Narrow streets shading houses
Total recycling of waste/water
working/ living area not farther than200
mts from transportation nodes).
Electric powered light rail on elevated
track to permit easy transport between
Musdar and Abu Dhabi.
•for Intra-city travel people use
personal rapid transit pods (PRT) run
on magnetic tracks using electric
power.
•Aim is to create:
Zero Carbon
Zero Waste
Zero Car city
66. Amazing Future Cities-Amazing Future Cities-
TIANJIN Eco-city- ChinaTIANJIN Eco-city- China
ianjn
•Introduction
•Master Plan
•Milestones
-City developed as joint effort between China and Singapore Governments.
-Located 40 kms from Tianjin city centre and 150 KMS from Beijing city
-Total land area of 30 sq. km.
- When fully completed in around 2020,-- population of 350,000 residents.
, Site made of saltpans, barren land and polluted water-bodies,
included a 2.6 sq km large wastewater pond.
Site selected --- a derelict area with shortage of drinking water
67. TIANJIN- Master PlanTIANJIN- Master Plan
..
1. Land-use Planning -planned to be compact, with a good mix of land uses and
Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) principles.
2. Transport Planning -Green transport .--to increase trips via public
transport and non-motorised modes of transport --- via bicycles and walking,
within Eco-city.
3. Green and Blue Network Planning---City planned with extensive green
(vegetation) and blue (water) networks to provide quality living /working
environment. The green network comprises a green lung at core and eco-corridors
emanating from the lung to the other parts of city.
4. Water bodies linked for water circulation to enhance ecology ,provide attractive
environment , recreational activities.
5. A wastewater pond rehabilitated /transformed into a clean/beautiful lake.
6. Master Plan can be summed as- 1 axis-3 centres-4 districts
70. •Promoting use of Bicycle asPromoting use of Bicycle as
preferred mode of travel for majoritypreferred mode of travel for majority
of intra- city travel being :of intra- city travel being :
Most inexpensiveMost inexpensive
Most flexibleMost flexible
Environmental friendlyEnvironmental friendly
Zero pollutionZero pollution
Zero Energy VehicleZero Energy Vehicle
Occupying minimum road spaceOccupying minimum road space
Requiring minimum Parking SpaceRequiring minimum Parking Space
Promoting National EconomyPromoting National Economy
Promoting Human HealthPromoting Human Health
Reducing depletion of Non-Reducing depletion of Non-
renewable resourcesrenewable resources
Best option for travelling over shortBest option for travelling over short
distancedistance..
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION- CYCLINGSUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION- CYCLING
76. Public Transport- advantagesPublic Transport- advantages
• Public transportation -- solution to the nation’s:
• economic,
• energy, and
• environmental challenges
• helping to bring a better quality of life.
• increasing numbers/ people using public transportation
and local communities -- expanding public transit
services.
• Every segment of society –
• individuals,
• families,
• communities and
• businesses –
• benefits from public transportation.
77. Public Transport- advantagesPublic Transport- advantages
• Public Transportation Provides;
• -- Economic Opportunities
• -- Drives Community Growth
• -- Revitalizes economy
• Every $1 invested in public transportation-- generates app $4 in
economic returns.
• Every $1 billion invested in public transportation-- supports and
creates more than 50,000 jobs.
• Every $10 million in capital investment in public transportation-- yields
$30 million in increased business sales.
• Home values performed 42 percent better -- if located near public
transportation with high-frequency service.
• Public Transportation Saves Money
• Using public transportation – best way to beat high gas prices.
• According to study-, a two-person household can save, on the
average, more than $10,174 a year by downsizing to one car.
78. National Urban Transport PolicyNational Urban Transport Policy
Public transport scores over other mechanized modes in terms of
--space,
--pollution and
--sustainability–
Making public transport
-- best option for urban mobility
• --State capitals / Metro cities –
• --to start planning for high capacity public transport system
• -- look at proven global technologies
-- prepare comprehensive plans–
-- integrating personal /private modes of travel
-- to improve higher ridership
efficient urban transportation networks.-- accommodates
20 times passengers than private cars on same road space;
79. Mass Transport-sustainable transportMass Transport-sustainable transport
• more energy efficient than other forms of travel
2002 Study bye Brookings Institution / American Enterprise Institute found that
• -- public transportation in U.S uses
• --approximately half the fuel required by cars/SUV's/ light trucks.
• -- private vehicles emit about 95 percent more carbon monoxide
• -- 92 % more volatile organic compounds and
• -- about twice carbon dioxide /nitrogen oxide than public vehicles for every
passenger mile travelled
• -- strong inverse correlation between urban population
density and energy consumption per capita,
• public transport facilitates-
• increased urban population densities,
• -- thus reduce travel distances
• --lesser fossil fuel consumption
• -- reduction in individual's carbon footprint.
• -- Single person, 20-mile round trip -- replaced by public transportation --
net saving--CO2 emissions reduction of 4,800 pounds (2,200 kg) per year
80. Mass Transport- Energy consumptionMass Transport- Energy consumption
In terms of energy consumption-- public transportation
better than individual / personal vehicle.
• In England-- As of 2006–2007,
• -- total energy cost of London's trains was 15 kWh per
100 p-km, about 5 times better than a personal car.
• For buses in London-- 32 kWh per 100 p-km, or about
2.5 times that of a personal car-
• in Japan in 1999
• - 68 kWh per 100 p-km for a personal car,
• 19 kWh per 100 p-km for a bus,
• --6 kWh per 100 p-km for rail,
• 51 kWh per 100 p-km for air, and
81. PROMOTING PUBLIC TRANSPORTPROMOTING PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Public transport key to rationalizing urban
transportation and making cities Smart --
DELHI, CHICAGO , COPENHAGEN ( within 400
metres)
• Redefining approach to public transportation
• Promoting Public Transport would require:
• Promoting development along transport
network
• improved passenger information system
• intelligent transport systems for monitoring
and control;
• affordable ticket pricing;
• e-ticketing;
• using single ticket for all modes of travel
• introducing comfortable buses ,
• involving Communities,
• creating dedicated bus lanes
82. TRAFFIC-DELHI,AHMEDABAD,TRAFFIC-DELHI,AHMEDABAD,
ISTANBUL, SINGAPOREISTANBUL, SINGAPORE
• City of Singapore promoted:
• high degree of road efficiency,/ reduced road congestion, by
• carpooling, Road pricing and public transport
• Generating resources for city infrastructure by Road Pricing
• Delhi, through its green metro, achieved milestone of :
• Transporting 2.8 million people persons
• --on a single day
• --with target of 6 million, when all the four phases operational
• reduced road congestion , air pollution and carbon contents,
• increasing road efficiency ,Making city much cleaner and greener.
• Ahmadabad’s state of art BRTS—
• reinvented and revolutionized the city road traffic
• Istanbul used 42 Kms dedicated road lanes
• --- for new Bus Rapid Transport System, to promote:
• public transport,
• tackle problem of traffic congestion and air pollution
• most efficient service to 6,20,000 passengers on daily basis.
83.
84.
85. Curitiba’s futuristic ‘tube’ station system for buses--,85%
Curitiba uses Bus Rapid Transit -- transporting two million
each day-- London subway carries three million-- BRT built
in 1974; now 300 cities around world are using
.”
91. • HIGH RISE BUILDINGS:
have enormous capacity to create large volume of built space
sparing large ground space for non -urban uses.
provide optimum solutions for housing large
population/activities using minimum area.
Make cities more compact
Reduce the need of long travels.
Offer opportunities for pedestrianising cities.
Make cities more humane & eco-friendly.
Create well knit & close communities.
•Providing work space & amenities within/near the
buildings helps in reducing travel within cities.
•High rise buildings connected by efficient means of
mass transportation minimize use of personalized
vehicles.
• Cities would look more green, open and eco-
friendly.
Looking Forward - Reshaping
Cities
Presentation1.pptx
92. Future Cities-Conceptual
Ultima Tower- 2Mile High Sky City
•Location: Any densely populated urban
environment
•Date: 1991
•Cost: $150,000,000,000
•Population: 1,000,000 people
•Exterior surface area of building: 150,000,000
sft.
•Enclosed volume: 53,000,000,000 cubic feet
•Total enclosed acreage: 39,000 acres-156
secors
•Elevator speed: 20 feet per second (13 miles
per hour) 9 minutes and 40 seconds to reach
top floor from ground floor.
•Dimensions: Height--10,560 feet;
•Diameter at the base--6000 feet;
•Number of stories--500;
•Total Square Feet: Approximately 5,000,000 sft
93. Mile-High Tower-
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• Location Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
• Cost US$28.5 billion
• Height 1 mile (1,600 m; 5,280 ft)
• Floor area 3,530,000 m2 (38,000,000 sft)
• Capacity 80,000 people
• The tower will have -275 floors
• Lobby upto 5 th floor
• Offices 6- 50 floors
• Five-star hotel &Conference halls 51-75 floors
• Deluxe residential units 76-195 floors and
• Retail facilities 196-275 floors
• Alternate Energy Generation 196-275 floors
• Status of the project
-- Already under construction since 2008
94. Earth Scraper –Earth Scraper –
Mexico CityMexico City• Location- Mexico City
• Depth 300 mtrs. Below ground
• Designed as Inverted Pyramid
• Glass floor to cover 240 mtrs X
240 mtrs. hole in cities main
square to filter natural light
• Preserve the cities historic
centre and the heritage
buildings surrounding the
square.
• Interior of the building to look
natural.
• Building to be the city”s top
retail destination.
95.
96. • OTHER OPTIONS FOR
TRANSPORTATION
• Promoting Intelligent Transportation
• - Promoting Sharing- Bicycle sharing / cars Pooling/car sharing
• Promoting integrated Transit Hubs- for last mile connectivity- Bus
system , metro system
• Introducing Geo- spatial enabled efficient transportation system
• Promoting Public transport Surveillance
• Introducing Single fare card system
• Promoting Smart Parking- using sensors, camera, smart parking
solutions
• - Introducing Smart tolls- using Smart Traffic lights
• -Using freight ICT services
• Promoting Electric Vehicles
• - Usinf state of art technologies
97. COBS
WORKINGLIVING
CIRCULATION
• The Radiant City
•An organism capable of housing the
works of man of machine-age society.
• placed under the masterful
government of natural conditions:
•Sun
•Space
•Greenery
•And its mission is the service of
mankind:
•To live
•To work
•To cultivate body and spirit
•To travel about
(in this order and obeying this
hierarchy)
98. Principles to make transportPrinciples to make transport
sustainablesustainable• #1: Access--People entitled to reasonable access to other
people, places, goods and services.
• #2: Equity—Nation/states-- must ensure social, interregional
and inter-generational equity, meeting the basic transportation-
related needs of all people-- women, poor, rural, and disabled.
• #3: Health and Safety
• Transportation systems -- designed / operated to protects
health (physical, mental and social well-being) and safety of
people/enhances quality of life in communities.
• #4: Individual Responsibility
• All individuals have a responsibility-- to act as stewards of
natural environment- making sustainable choices regarding
personal movement.
• #5: Integrated Planning
99. Principles to make transportPrinciples to make transport
sustainablesustainable
• #6: Pollution Prevention – to minimise emissions
threatening -- public health, global climate, biological diversity
or integrity of essential ecological processes.
• #7: Land and Resource Use
• Transportation systems—
• -- must make efficient use of land /other natural resources
• -- while preserving vital habitats / maintaining biodiversity
• #8: Fuller Cost Accounting–
• -- Transportation decision makers must move toward
• -- fuller cost accounting
• -- reflecting true social, economic and environmental costs
• -- i to ensure users pay an equitable share of costs
100. Principles to make transportPrinciples to make transport
sustainablesustainable
• #9.Demand Management
– Reduce the need for travel
– -- protect social /economic needs for access
– -- changing urban form,
– --promoting new communications technologies,
• # 10. Diversifying Options
• Improve access by diversifying transportation
options, giving people more choices as to how
they meet their access needs
101.
102. AND SEARCH FOR CREATING SMART/SUSTAINABLEAND SEARCH FOR CREATING SMART/SUSTAINABLE
TRANSPORTATION WILL CONTINUE TO POSETRANSPORTATION WILL CONTINUE TO POSE
GREATEST CHALLENGE TO PROFESSIONALSGREATEST CHALLENGE TO PROFESSIONALS
