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Aanraders	
  beïnvloeden	
  20-­‐50%	
  van	
  alle	
  
aankoopbeslissingen.	
  
Aanraders	
  beïnvloeden.	
  Willens	
  nillens.	
  
Aanraders	
  doen	
  het	
  hoe	
  langer	
  hoe	
  meer.	
  
Aanraders	
  raden	
  niet	
  
alleen	
  aan,	
  ze	
  kopen	
  vaak	
  
ook	
  opnieuw	
  en	
  zijn	
  …	
  
vergevingsgezind.	
  
Aanraders	
  doen	
  het	
  -­‐nog	
  steeds-­‐	
  in	
  hoofdzaak	
  
offline.	
  
While retailers were initially terrified of what bad reviews could do to their bottom
line, they've since witnessed the power of a rave review and embraced the practice. Despite
initial fears, says Craig Berman, Amazon's vice president of global communications, product
reviews have only served to increase their customer loyalty. "It helped us build customer
trust," he says. "It put us in a special place with customers in that they could come to the
site and get honest and comprehensive — and over time, very substantial — firsthand
knowledge from other customers." Berman says the company has some reviewers who
take online shopping to heart. "There are some customers who are extraordinarily proud of
being one of our top reviewers — they take their job really seriously." Some of Amazon's
customers are voracious readers who consider it their duty to review one or two
books every single week. While the company may have come a long way from its
roots, the company's original specialty has not been forgotten.
Read more: http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,2004089,00.html#ixzz2TvUHmQBF
July 16, 1995
“
“
Kopen	
  en	
  intens	
  verder	
  “verkopen”.	
  
Welke	
  dingen	
  raden	
  aanraders	
  aan?	
  
De	
  moIeven	
  van	
  die	
  aanraders?	
  
Despite the broad agreement, the American retail giants
Wal-Mart Stores and Gap have declined to endorse the pact,
citing legal concerns. Both say they will continue pursuing
their own worker safety programs.
For many activists, the question is why H&M, with its
outsize influence in the apparel industry, did not take that
step sooner — especially after a deadly fire in 2010 killed 21
people at the Garib & Garib sweater factory in Bangladesh,
for which H&M was a major customer.
“This was exactly the right thing to do three years ago — but
they didn’t do it,” said Ineke Zeldenrust, international
coordinator for the Clean Clothes Campaign, a group
opposing sweatshops, based in Amsterdam. Moving sooner,
she said, “could have helped avoid these deaths.”
Even after the Rana Plaza disaster, H&M required
persuading, said Jyrki Raina, the general secretary for
IndustriALL Global Union, a federation of 50 million
workers from 140 countries who also negotiated the binding
accord with H&M and other retailers. “Unless they were
really pushed,” he said, “we would not be where we are
today.”
Wat	
  is	
  er	
  ondertussen	
  met	
  de	
  reclame	
  gebeurd?	
  	
  
“Don’t trust it. Nothing but lies. I’ll ask my friends or colleagues”
“I don’t care. Will search when I
need something.”
“Haven’t even seen it.”
“Nice ad, but so what?
Not relevant for me.”
“So stupid”.
“Too many ads.
I avoid them”
“Not for me. I just bought my stuff”
you
youyou
Ad agency
Brand
Ads
Media
1980-­‐1990:Adver,sing	
  +10%	
  =	
  +2.2%	
  marketshare	
  
2008:Adver,sing	
  +20%	
  =	
  +2.2%	
  marketshare	
  
“	
  ….	
  the	
  authors	
  conduct	
  a	
  meta-­‐analysis	
  of	
  751	
  short-­‐term	
  and	
  402	
  long-­‐term	
  
direct-­‐to-­‐consumer	
  brand	
  adver?sing	
  elas?ci?es	
  es?mated	
  in	
  56	
  
studies	
  published	
  between	
  1960	
  and	
  2008.	
  the	
  study	
  finds	
  several	
  new	
  
empirical	
  generaliza?ons	
  about	
  adver?sing	
  elas?city.	
  the	
  most	
  important	
  
are	
  as	
  follows:	
  the	
  average	
  short-­‐term	
  adver?sing	
  elas?city	
  is	
  .12,	
  which	
  
is	
  substan?ally	
  lower	
  than	
  the	
  prior	
  meta-­‐analy?c	
  mean	
  of	
  .22;	
  there	
  has	
  been	
  a	
  
decline	
  in	
  the	
  adver?sing	
  elas?city	
  over	
  ?me.”	
  
Gerard	
  Tellis,	
  PhD	
  Michigan,	
  is	
  Professor	
  of	
  Marke,ng,	
  Management,	
  and	
  Organiza,on,	
  Neely	
  Chair	
  of	
  American	
  Enterprise,	
  and	
  Director	
  of	
  
the	
  Center	
  for	
  Global	
  Innova,on,	
  at	
  the	
  USC	
  Marshall	
  School	
  of	
  Business.	
  He	
  is	
  Dis,nguished	
  Visitor	
  of	
  Marke,ng	
  Research,	
  Erasmus	
  
University,	
  RoUerdam	
  and	
  has	
  been	
  Visi,ng	
  Chair	
  of	
  Marke,ng,	
  Strategy,	
  and	
  Innova,on	
  at	
  the	
  Judge	
  Business	
  School,	
  Cambridge	
  University,	
  
UK.	
  Tellis	
  specializes	
  in	
  the	
  areas	
  of	
  innova,on,	
  adver,sing,	
  global	
  strategy,	
  market	
  entry,	
  new	
  product	
  growth,	
  promo,on,	
  and	
  pricing.	
  
Prof.	
  Dr.	
  Gerard	
  Tellis	
  
En	
  toch	
  groeiden	
  de	
  reclame-­‐uitgaven	
  (in	
  de	
  
US)	
  sneller	
  dan	
  BNP	
  en	
  Mediaan	
  Salaris	
  
En	
  het	
  gaat	
  maar	
  door.	
  Ook	
  al	
  had	
  Europa	
  een	
  
dipje	
  in	
  2012.	
  
Ondanks	
  alles	
  groeien	
  de	
  reclame-­‐uitgaven	
  
straks	
  gewoon	
  door.	
  Hoe	
  komt	
  dat?	
  	
  
+7% +3,8% +3,8% +4,6% +5,2% YOY-growth
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Amazon spent
$500 million 
$557 billion in 2012
Aankoop-, productie-,
hr-kosten: lager en lager.
Verkoopprijs en verkoopvolume
maximaliseren
Winst
(maximalisatie)
Reclame was één van
de sterkste middelen
om Volume en Marges
de hoogte in te jagen
en Nieuwe Markten te
veroveren.
Het	
  verschil	
  tussen	
  een	
  aanradersbier	
  en	
  een	
  
“reclamebiertje”.	
  
http://www.ratebeer.com/
Het	
  verschil	
  tussen	
  het	
  vermogen	
  vergaard	
  via	
  
het	
  “reclamebiertje”	
  en	
  het	
  aanradersbier.	
  
€ 270 million
$11 billion
Een	
  deel	
  van	
  de	
  1%	
  …	
  die	
  hebben	
  reclame	
  
nodig.	
  Ook	
  in	
  China!	
  
”Verdienen	
  deze	
  10%	
  “rijken”	
  maar	
  
7.000€	
  /	
  jaar	
  of	
  …	
  15	
  à	
  	
  16.000?”	
  
For	
  2012,	
  the	
  na,onal	
  G.D.P.	
  figure	
  is	
  es,mated	
  to	
  be	
  
nearly	
  52	
  trillion	
  renminbi	
  (about	
  $8.3	
  trillion,)	
  while	
  the	
  
provincial	
  total	
  was	
  nearly	
  58	
  trillion	
  (about	
  $9.3	
  trillion.)	
  
“Media	
  exposes	
  total	
  G.D.P.	
  of	
  all	
  provinces	
  exceeds	
  
na,onal	
  G.D.P.	
  by	
  over	
  5	
  trillion	
  renminbi,”	
  (the	
  exact	
  figure	
  
was	
  5.76	
  trillion,)	
  a	
  headline	
  announced	
  in	
  the	
  21CN	
  News.	
  
The	
  gap	
  is	
  gefng	
  bigger,	
  fast:	
  in	
  2009,	
  total	
  provincial	
  
G.D.P.	
  was	
  nearly	
  2.7	
  trillion	
  more	
  than	
  na,onal	
  G.D.P.;	
  in	
  
2010	
  it	
  was	
  more	
  than	
  3	
  trillion;	
  in	
  2011	
  it	
  was	
  4.6	
  trillion,	
  
the	
  Beijing	
  News	
  reported.	
  
In	
  a	
  chain	
  of	
  exaggera,on	
  that	
  begins	
  at	
  the	
  village	
  or	
  
county	
  level,	
  the	
  figures	
  pile	
  up	
  un,l	
  they	
  overreach	
  any	
  
possible	
  na,onal	
  total,	
  the	
  ar,cles	
  indicate.	
  
9% 9% 1%
10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
Weinig verdieners Veel verdieners
Minder	
  dan	
  2€	
  per	
  dag	
  
Meer	
  dan	
  40€	
  per	
  dag	
  
Grote	
  markten.	
  Grote	
  reclamelanden.	
  	
  
Grote	
  Gini-­‐kampioenen.	
  
0.474	
  or	
  0.61?	
  0.469	
  
Griekenland	
  zonder	
  reclame.	
  	
  
Winter	
  2013	
  -­‐	
  De	
  Morgen	
  
Dank	
  voor	
  het	
  luisteren.	
  Vragen	
  mailen	
  op	
  jevedebe@gmail.com	
  
Annex.	
  
Op	
  80,000	
  restaurants	
  
in	
  Fr	
  minder	
  dan	
  10%	
  
garanderen	
  dat	
  de	
  
ingrediënten	
  vers	
  zijn	
  
schotels	
  ter	
  plekke	
  
klaargemaakt.	
  	
  
Vlees, wijn, groenten en arbeid voor Boeuf Bourguignon = €3.53
Hetzelfde kant-en-klaar van Davigel (Nestlé) = €3.1
Verschil = 10%
Verkoopprijs in restaurant blijft €18
“Restaurant owners argue that the 36.3% increase in real terms in France's minimum wage since 1990
has forced them to cut costs aggressively to preserve their profit margins.”
1995: minst betaalde hulp = €12,610/jaar
2012: minst betalade hulp = €25,153/jaar
“We	
  hebben	
  de	
  media	
  nodig.	
  Ze	
  coveren	
  in	
  
ieder	
  geval	
  de	
  schandalen.”	
  
hUp://www.slideshare.net/EdelmanInsights/global-­‐deck-­‐2013-­‐edelman-­‐trust-­‐barometer-­‐16086761	
  
De	
  Chinezen	
  “vertrouwen”	
  hun	
  banken.	
  	
  
Wij	
  niet.	
  
De	
  zeer	
  geliefde	
  
banken	
  in	
  China.	
  

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Jan van den bergh Kauri Gent

  • 1.
  • 2. Aanraders  beïnvloeden  20-­‐50%  van  alle   aankoopbeslissingen.  
  • 4. Aanraders  doen  het  hoe  langer  hoe  meer.  
  • 5. Aanraders  raden  niet   alleen  aan,  ze  kopen  vaak   ook  opnieuw  en  zijn  …   vergevingsgezind.  
  • 6. Aanraders  doen  het  -­‐nog  steeds-­‐  in  hoofdzaak   offline.  
  • 7. While retailers were initially terrified of what bad reviews could do to their bottom line, they've since witnessed the power of a rave review and embraced the practice. Despite initial fears, says Craig Berman, Amazon's vice president of global communications, product reviews have only served to increase their customer loyalty. "It helped us build customer trust," he says. "It put us in a special place with customers in that they could come to the site and get honest and comprehensive — and over time, very substantial — firsthand knowledge from other customers." Berman says the company has some reviewers who take online shopping to heart. "There are some customers who are extraordinarily proud of being one of our top reviewers — they take their job really seriously." Some of Amazon's customers are voracious readers who consider it their duty to review one or two books every single week. While the company may have come a long way from its roots, the company's original specialty has not been forgotten. Read more: http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,2004089,00.html#ixzz2TvUHmQBF July 16, 1995 “ “
  • 8.
  • 9. Kopen  en  intens  verder  “verkopen”.  
  • 10. Welke  dingen  raden  aanraders  aan?  
  • 11. De  moIeven  van  die  aanraders?  
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Despite the broad agreement, the American retail giants Wal-Mart Stores and Gap have declined to endorse the pact, citing legal concerns. Both say they will continue pursuing their own worker safety programs. For many activists, the question is why H&M, with its outsize influence in the apparel industry, did not take that step sooner — especially after a deadly fire in 2010 killed 21 people at the Garib & Garib sweater factory in Bangladesh, for which H&M was a major customer. “This was exactly the right thing to do three years ago — but they didn’t do it,” said Ineke Zeldenrust, international coordinator for the Clean Clothes Campaign, a group opposing sweatshops, based in Amsterdam. Moving sooner, she said, “could have helped avoid these deaths.” Even after the Rana Plaza disaster, H&M required persuading, said Jyrki Raina, the general secretary for IndustriALL Global Union, a federation of 50 million workers from 140 countries who also negotiated the binding accord with H&M and other retailers. “Unless they were really pushed,” he said, “we would not be where we are today.”
  • 16. Wat  is  er  ondertussen  met  de  reclame  gebeurd?     “Don’t trust it. Nothing but lies. I’ll ask my friends or colleagues” “I don’t care. Will search when I need something.” “Haven’t even seen it.” “Nice ad, but so what? Not relevant for me.” “So stupid”. “Too many ads. I avoid them” “Not for me. I just bought my stuff”
  • 18. 1980-­‐1990:Adver,sing  +10%  =  +2.2%  marketshare   2008:Adver,sing  +20%  =  +2.2%  marketshare   “  ….  the  authors  conduct  a  meta-­‐analysis  of  751  short-­‐term  and  402  long-­‐term   direct-­‐to-­‐consumer  brand  adver?sing  elas?ci?es  es?mated  in  56   studies  published  between  1960  and  2008.  the  study  finds  several  new   empirical  generaliza?ons  about  adver?sing  elas?city.  the  most  important   are  as  follows:  the  average  short-­‐term  adver?sing  elas?city  is  .12,  which   is  substan?ally  lower  than  the  prior  meta-­‐analy?c  mean  of  .22;  there  has  been  a   decline  in  the  adver?sing  elas?city  over  ?me.”   Gerard  Tellis,  PhD  Michigan,  is  Professor  of  Marke,ng,  Management,  and  Organiza,on,  Neely  Chair  of  American  Enterprise,  and  Director  of   the  Center  for  Global  Innova,on,  at  the  USC  Marshall  School  of  Business.  He  is  Dis,nguished  Visitor  of  Marke,ng  Research,  Erasmus   University,  RoUerdam  and  has  been  Visi,ng  Chair  of  Marke,ng,  Strategy,  and  Innova,on  at  the  Judge  Business  School,  Cambridge  University,   UK.  Tellis  specializes  in  the  areas  of  innova,on,  adver,sing,  global  strategy,  market  entry,  new  product  growth,  promo,on,  and  pricing.   Prof.  Dr.  Gerard  Tellis  
  • 19. En  toch  groeiden  de  reclame-­‐uitgaven  (in  de   US)  sneller  dan  BNP  en  Mediaan  Salaris  
  • 20. En  het  gaat  maar  door.  Ook  al  had  Europa  een   dipje  in  2012.  
  • 21. Ondanks  alles  groeien  de  reclame-­‐uitgaven   straks  gewoon  door.  Hoe  komt  dat?     +7% +3,8% +3,8% +4,6% +5,2% YOY-growth 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Amazon spent $500 million  $557 billion in 2012
  • 22. Aankoop-, productie-, hr-kosten: lager en lager. Verkoopprijs en verkoopvolume maximaliseren Winst (maximalisatie) Reclame was één van de sterkste middelen om Volume en Marges de hoogte in te jagen en Nieuwe Markten te veroveren.
  • 23. Het  verschil  tussen  een  aanradersbier  en  een   “reclamebiertje”.   http://www.ratebeer.com/
  • 24. Het  verschil  tussen  het  vermogen  vergaard  via   het  “reclamebiertje”  en  het  aanradersbier.   € 270 million $11 billion
  • 25. Een  deel  van  de  1%  …  die  hebben  reclame   nodig.  Ook  in  China!   ”Verdienen  deze  10%  “rijken”  maar   7.000€  /  jaar  of  …  15  à    16.000?”   For  2012,  the  na,onal  G.D.P.  figure  is  es,mated  to  be   nearly  52  trillion  renminbi  (about  $8.3  trillion,)  while  the   provincial  total  was  nearly  58  trillion  (about  $9.3  trillion.)   “Media  exposes  total  G.D.P.  of  all  provinces  exceeds   na,onal  G.D.P.  by  over  5  trillion  renminbi,”  (the  exact  figure   was  5.76  trillion,)  a  headline  announced  in  the  21CN  News.   The  gap  is  gefng  bigger,  fast:  in  2009,  total  provincial   G.D.P.  was  nearly  2.7  trillion  more  than  na,onal  G.D.P.;  in   2010  it  was  more  than  3  trillion;  in  2011  it  was  4.6  trillion,   the  Beijing  News  reported.   In  a  chain  of  exaggera,on  that  begins  at  the  village  or   county  level,  the  figures  pile  up  un,l  they  overreach  any   possible  na,onal  total,  the  ar,cles  indicate.   9% 9% 1% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Weinig verdieners Veel verdieners Minder  dan  2€  per  dag   Meer  dan  40€  per  dag  
  • 26. Grote  markten.  Grote  reclamelanden.     Grote  Gini-­‐kampioenen.   0.474  or  0.61?  0.469  
  • 27. Griekenland  zonder  reclame.     Winter  2013  -­‐  De  Morgen   Dank  voor  het  luisteren.  Vragen  mailen  op  jevedebe@gmail.com  
  • 29.
  • 30. Op  80,000  restaurants   in  Fr  minder  dan  10%   garanderen  dat  de   ingrediënten  vers  zijn   schotels  ter  plekke   klaargemaakt.     Vlees, wijn, groenten en arbeid voor Boeuf Bourguignon = €3.53 Hetzelfde kant-en-klaar van Davigel (Nestlé) = €3.1 Verschil = 10% Verkoopprijs in restaurant blijft €18 “Restaurant owners argue that the 36.3% increase in real terms in France's minimum wage since 1990 has forced them to cut costs aggressively to preserve their profit margins.” 1995: minst betaalde hulp = €12,610/jaar 2012: minst betalade hulp = €25,153/jaar
  • 31. “We  hebben  de  media  nodig.  Ze  coveren  in   ieder  geval  de  schandalen.”   hUp://www.slideshare.net/EdelmanInsights/global-­‐deck-­‐2013-­‐edelman-­‐trust-­‐barometer-­‐16086761  
  • 32. De  Chinezen  “vertrouwen”  hun  banken.     Wij  niet.  
  • 33. De  zeer  geliefde   banken  in  China.