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Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Entropic Inequalities and Marginal
Problems*
Jayant Apte
ASPITRG
Drexel University
*FRITZ, T., & CHAVES, R. (2013). Entropic Inequalities and Marginal Problems.
IEEE transactions on information theory, 59(2), 803-817.
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
The three coins
3
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
The three coins
4
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
The three coins
5
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
The three coins
6
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
An attempt
7
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
An attempt
8
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
An attempt
9
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
An attempt
But they are not!!!
10
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Conclusion
● There is no joint distribution compatible with
given marginals
11
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Conclusion
● There is no joint distribution compatible with
given marginals
● There is some systematic error in the coin flips
12
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Conclusion
● There is no joint distribution compatible with
given marginals
● There is some systematic error in the coin flips
● OR The coins are operated by some weird
mechanism creating the required distribution
as a function depending on which two are
flipped together
13
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Outline
● Marginal scenario and marginal model
● Contextuality
● Marginal problem
● Partial polymatroids
● Relationship between marginal models and partial
polymatroids
● Marginal Problem for polymatroids
● Computations
● Inference of common ancestors in Bayesian Networks
● Contexuality of the n-Cycle marginal scenario
● Extention to continuous random variables
14
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Notation
15
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Marginal Scenario
16
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Marginal Model
S S'T
17
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Contexuality
18
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Example
19
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Marginal problem
20
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
A naive probability space approach
21
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Example: 3 coins
22
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Example: 3 coins
This LP turns out to be infeasible
23
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
The entropy cone
24
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Basic inequalities
25
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Polymatroids
26
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Partial Polymatroids
27
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Contexuality of partial polymatroids
28
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Example: Partial polymatroids over
Triangle inequality
29
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
Example: Modified 3-coins
30
Jayant Apte ASPITRG
References
● FRITZ, T., & CHAVES, R. (2013). Entropic Inequalities and
Marginal Problems. IEEE transactions on information theory,
59(2), 803-817.

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Entropic Inequalities and marginal problems (Fritz and Chavez)