This is the finding report that our team created for the Kadena USAF Air Base, Okinawa, Japan; Waste To Energy Feasibility Study. It looked at three different technologies: Incineration, Plasma Gasification, and Anaerobic Digestion. Lots of good information, and more backup can be found in the report. Provided technical input, peer review, environmental, and project oversight for a feasibility study to evaluate incineration, plasma gasification, and anaerobic digestion as waste to energy technologies on the island of Okinawa, Japan. Each technology was evaluated for technical feasibility with the current waste stream at KAB, potential energy generation and uses, cost and payback, and potential environmental issues. Based on this evaluation, a Waste-to-Energy Feasibility Assessment Report was prepared for KAB. This report discusses the feasibility of each of these waste-to-energy technologies, evaluates environmental permitting issues for each technology, recommends uses for generated energy (electricity, steam, etc.), and discusses life cycle costs and payback. Recommendations were made regarding the preferred waste-to-energy technology for implementation at KAB.

1. Summary Presentation for
Waste to Energy Feasibility at Kadena
Air Base, Okinawa, Japan
Contract No. FA8903-08-D-8766-0048
www.amec.com

2. 2
Discussion Topics
 Requirements of the Statement of Work
 AMEC’s Recommendations
 Technologies Investigated
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Cost Impacts
 Steps moving forward
 Q&A

3. 3
Requirements from the Statement of Work
 Site Visit
 Determine what could be found
 Talk to shareholders
 Find sites to be used for future development
 Draft and Final Reports
 Compare technologies to constraints provided by the site visit
 First Glance into the economics of the process and the system
 Recommendations for moving forward
 This Presentation
 Summarize the findings of the report
 Engage in conversation about what the results mean
 Determine if recommendations should be pursued.

4. 4
AMEC’s Recommendations
 Technology: Plasma Gasification
 Timeline : Within three years (2013)
 Location: To be determined by design (current recommendation is the
Chibana Area)
 Fluctuating Cost Factors:
 Cost to dispose
 Need for freshwater
 Volume to dispose
 Need for Hazardous Waste Disposal
 Need for additional cooling
 Approximate Capital Cost : ~ $50M USD (4.62B yen)
 Approximate Cost to Break-Even (@15,000 MT MSWA) : ~$450/MT

5. 5
AMEC Recommendations (cont.)
 Cost to dispose
 Current Price: $300/MT
 Current Local Civilian Price: $850/MT
 Renegotiation of MSW contract in 2013
 Need for freshwater
 Desalinization not pursued at this time
 Typhoon Event – Water Loss – Bottled Water alternative - $25k per day.
 Disposal Volume
 Including Local Civilian Population
 Including Sister Services
 Can waste be “recycled” into energy?
 Need for Hazardous Waste Disposal
 Current method includes shipping to Kansas
 Need for additional cooling
 Depending on services and new construction due to USMC movement

6. 6
Technologies Investigated
 Incineration
 Burning material
 High Energy Output, Medium Byproduct Output
 Medium feedstock availability
 Currently underway in two locations on island (not waste to energy)
 Bio-digestion
 Wastewater treatment option
 Medium Net Energy Output, Highest Byproduct Output
 Limited feedstock availability
 Plasma Gasification
 Heating waste to plasma temperatures, creating synthetic gases
 High Energy Output, Lowest Byproduct Output
 Highest Feedstock Availability

7. 7
Technologies Investigated (cont.)

8. 8
Technologies Investigated (cont.)

9. 9
Technologies Investigated (cont.)

10. 10
Technologies Investigated (cont.)

11. 11
Advantages and Disadvantages
 Incineration
 Pros:
– Greatly reduces MSW volume
– Requires recycling
– High Energy Output
– Cheap and easy technology
– Can produce desalinized water and steam for chillers
– Lower Capital Cost
 Cons:
– It is currently being done by others on the island (competition)
– Adverse impacts to the environment (but can be mitigated for a cost)
– Cannot reduce all waste streams

12. 12
Advantages and Disadvantages
 Plasma Gasification
 Pros:
– Greatly reduces MSW volume
– Compliments recycling
– High Energy Output
– Environmentally friendlier (still needs some controls)
– Can reduce all waste streams
 Cons:
– Higher Capital Cost
– Higher Annual Costs
– Complicated technology

13. 13
Cost Impacts

14. 14
Cost Impacts (cont.)

15. 15
Cost Impacts (cont.)

16. 16
Cost Impacts (cont.)

17. 17
Steps moving forward
 AMEC recommends
 Development of 35-100% Design
 Evaluation of MSW price increase likelihood
 Re-evaluation of desalinization and increased cooling load needs
 Evaluation of Civilian and Sister Services cooperation to increase economies of
scale
 AMEC also noted that the 18th
CEG could benefit from:
 Base wide Energy and Water Conservation
 Net-Zero Energy Study
– Solar PV, Solar Water Heating, Wind Power, Ocean Power
 LEED applicability
 Relocation design of USMC assets with vision towards energy efficiency
 Technology reviews for applicability, especially with operations and maintenance
 Third Party Financing Assistance
 Consolidated Back-Up Power and Diesel Pumps

18. 18
Shitsumon to kaitō (Questions and Answers)
 Has AMEC fulfilled your needs?
 Was AMEC enjoyable/effective to work with?
 Are their other items you would like to discuss within this scope?
 Are their items you would like to discuss outside this scope?