TEst slideshow

1. www.engage-ce.eu
This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This courseware reflects the views only of the
authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
2016-1-RO01-KA202-024493
Module 2:
Fostering Circular Economy
Unit 2.1
Recycling

2. Unit Aims
& Objectives
Learning
Objectives:
• Understand and explain the concept of
recycling,
• Provide specific examples of recycling and
material handling,
• Describe closed and open loop recycling
and provide examples,
• Propose to sample organisations, the
benefits of recycling.
EQF Levels: This Content is mainly suitable for EQF level 5,
6 & 7 stakeholders
Unit Aims
The aim of this unit is to introduce participants to the
concepts and principles of recycling and how this can
be used to foster Circular Economy. This unit will result
in a range of competences for the indicated EQF levels

3. • Introduction
• Recycling Policy in the EU
• Principles of Recycling
• Open Loop
• Closed Loop
• Technologies
• Approaches
• Case-studies for EQF Level 5, 6 & 7
• Further reading
recycling
circular
economy
Outline
Unit Aims
& ObjectivesUnit Outline

4. We now pass on to
Introduction

5. Outline
Unit Aims
& ObjectivesIntroduction
Recycling in the circular economy
cannot be viewed in the same way as
it has evolved in current waste
practices which have evolved from
predominantly linear resource flows.

6. https://www.youtube.com/embed/HEZkaLvxldk
Let us see how to reduce impacts
Click on this video
about recycling being
at the heart of the
Commission’s waste
and circular economy
package

7. We will have a look at: What is recycling, the EU
targets, recycling approaches, recovery of recylables
and the economics

8. What is recycling?
• Recycling of waste is defined as any recovery operation by
which waste materials are reprocessed into products,
materials or substances whether for the original or other
purposes.
• It includes the reprocessing of organic material but does not
include energy recovery and the reprocessing into materials
that are to be used as fuels or for backfilling operations.
• The differentiation between the
terms reuse, recycling and recovery is important for the
understanding and application of the targets stated
in EU waste legislation.
• Definitions for recycling and reuse in waste specific
Directives partially deviate from the corresponding
definitions of the Waste Framework Directive

9. Outline
Unit Aims
& Objectives
What are the EU recycling
targets?
http://www.cleansky.eu/eco-design
A common EU target for
recycling 65% of municipal
waste by 2030;
A common EU target for
recycling 75% of packaging
waste by 2030;

10. Outline
Unit Aims
& Objectives
What is happening in EU with
recycling?
Large differences in performance indicate need for improvement in
recycling to reduce Municipal Solid Waste to 50%
Municipal Waste Recycling in
EU 34 countries 2004 to 2012

11. In 2015, 69 million tonnes of waste was recycled, as
compared with 61 Landfilled and 64 incinerated.
How is Waste treated in EU?
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/File:Municipal_waste_treatment,_by_type_of_treatment,_EU-27,_(kg_per_capita),_1995-2015.png

12. Waste varies
between households
and businesses;
however these
trends are fairly
consistent. The
figures represent
waste not volume.
Plastic is much
higher percentage
by volume.
What is in our waste?

13. Outline
Unit Aims
& ObjectivesOpen Loop and Closed Loop?
Both are important for the circular economy but
closed loop is more resource efficient

14. Recycling Plastic to Use in
Construction
The global demand for concrete is increasing and there is a need for a reliable, flexible,
environmentally friendly alternative to the high CO2 and environmental impact cause by
manufacturing concrete.
The EU currently incinerates most of the plastic generated and plastic use is on the rise.
An innovative industrial process now brings the idea of supply and demand together by treating
the scrap resulting from the sorting of recycled plastics and transform it into aggregate for
lightened structural and non- structural concrete and mortar.
Two types of products are being developed, expanded granules and flakes.
A new plant for the production of flakes is already up and running, using the scrap resulting from
the sorting of recycled plastics.

15. Making towns safer with recycled
rubber
The EU had to dispose of 3.4 million tonnes of tyres in 2007 and only 38% of those were
recycled while 32% were used as fuel – producing more CO2 emissions
A purer reclaimed rubber with zero contaminants (textiles, fiber, steel, sand etc) would
broaden the scope for applications – more uses could be found for the recycled material if it
was of better quality.
EcoRubber will use high grade rubber on the streets of our towns and cities, in the form of
bollards, jiggle bars, pavements and rubber pavements. Other applications, such as sports
goods, are also waiting to be exploited.
The various stages in the process of reclaiming the rubber will be optimised, including
refining the grinding to reduce contaminants to zero and the blending to enhance the
properties of the recycled rubber.

16. Well done ! You have reached
the end of this unit. Let us
summarize the key points.

17. Unit Aims
& ObjectivesUnit Summary
• Recycling recovers precious resources
and reduces environmental impact
and waste
• 69 Mte of recyclables recovered in the
EU but there is huge room for
improvement
• Closed loop is more resource efficient
than open loop
• Recycling offers multiple
opportunities to be innovative in
producing more environmentally
friendly products

18. When you feel comfortable,
you can pass on to the next section
in our e-Learning system to undergo
a quiz to help you self-check how
much you have understood
this unit.
End of Unit