SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  27
Light TreeLight Tree
Presented By:Presented By:
Jitendra YadavJitendra Yadav
11BCAA4611BCAA46
Index
 IntroductionIntroduction
 HistoryHistory
 DefinitionDefinition
 Need ForTechnologyNeed ForTechnology
 ApplicationApplication && FunctionalityFunctionality
 Requirement of TechnologyRequirement of Technology
 AdvantagesAdvantages andand DisadvantagesDisadvantages
 Future enhancementFuture enhancement
 ConclusionConclusion
 ReferencesReferences
TreeTree
IntroductionIntroduction
o The concept of light tree is introduced in a
wavelength routed optical network which
employs wavelength -division multiplexing
(WDM).
o Point to multipoint
o Enables single-hop communication
o Increases the network throughput.
Light TreeLight Tree
HistoryHistory
o The concept was first published in 1978, and by 1980 WDMThe concept was first published in 1978, and by 1980 WDM
systems were being realized in the laboratory. The firstsystems were being realized in the laboratory. The first
WDM systems combined only two signals. Modern systemsWDM systems combined only two signals. Modern systems
can handle up to 160 signals and can thus expand a basiccan handle up to 160 signals and can thus expand a basic
1010 Gbit/sGbit/s system over a single fiber pair to over 1.6system over a single fiber pair to over 1.6 Tbit/sTbit/s..
o WDM systems are popular withWDM systems are popular with
telecommunications companiestelecommunications companies because they allow them tobecause they allow them to
expand the capacity of the network without laying moreexpand the capacity of the network without laying more
fiber. By using WDM andfiber. By using WDM and optical amplifiersoptical amplifiers, they can, they can
accommodate several generations of technologyaccommodate several generations of technology
development in their optical infrastructure without having todevelopment in their optical infrastructure without having to
overhaul the backbone network. Capacity of a given link canoverhaul the backbone network. Capacity of a given link can
be expanded simply by upgrading the multiplexers andbe expanded simply by upgrading the multiplexers and
demultiplexers at each end.demultiplexers at each end.
Light TreeLight Tree
DefinitionDefinition
 The concept of light tree is introduced in
a wavelength routed optical network,
which employs wavelength-division
multiplexing(WDM).
 Depending on the underlying physical
networks
1) First Generation
2) Second Generation
3) Third Generation
Light TreeLight Tree
What is a Light Tree?What is a Light Tree?
 A light tree is a point to point multipoint
all optical channel, which may span
multiple fiber links. Hence, a light tree
enables single-hop communication
between a source node and a set of
destination nodes. Thus, a light tree
based virtual topology can significantly
reduce the hop distance, thereby
increasing the network throughput.
Light TreeLight Tree
Light PathLight Path
 A light path is an all-optical channel, which may be
used to carry circuit switched traffic and it may
span multiple fiber links. Assigning a particular
wavelength to it sets these up.
 A major objective of light path communication is to
reduce the number of hops a packet has to
traverse.
Light TreeLight Tree
Need Of TechnologyNeed Of Technology
 Data Security
 Ease of installation
 Eliminating Spark Hazards
 High Bandwidth over Long
Distances
Light TreeLight Tree
ApplicationsApplications
 Teleconferencing
 Videoconferencing
 Internet NEWS distribution
 Internet television etc..
Light TreeLight Tree
Teleconferencing Videoconferencing
Light TreeLight Tree
Internet NEWS
distribution
Internet television
Light TreeLight Tree
FunctionalityFunctionality
 Unicast TrafficUnicast Traffic
 Broadcast TrafficBroadcast Traffic
 Multicast TrafficMulticast Traffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Unicast TrafficUnicast Traffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Unicast TrafficUnicast Traffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Unicast Traffic(contd.)Unicast Traffic(contd.)
Light TreeLight Tree
Broadcast TrafficBroadcast Traffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Multicast TrafficMulticast Traffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Combining Unicast and MulticastCombining Unicast and Multicast
TrafficTraffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Requirements
o Multicastcapable wavelength routing switches
(MWRS) at every node in the network.
o More optical amplifiers in the network. This is
because if we make n copies of an optical signal by
using one or more optical splitters, the signal power
of at least one copy will be less than or equal to 1/n
times the original signal power; thus more amplifiers
may be required to maintain the optical signal power
above a certain threshold so that the signal can be
detected at their receivers.
Light TreeLight Tree
ARCHITECTURE OF WAVELENGTH-ROUTED
OPTICAL NETWORK
Light TreeLight Tree
MULTICAST SWITCH ARCHITECTURES
Light TreeLight Tree
AdvantagesAdvantages
 Data Security
 Ease of installation
 Eliminating Spark Hazards
 High Bandwidth over Long
Distances
Light TreeLight Tree
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
 Price
 Fragility
 Opaqueness
 Requires special skills
Light TreeLight Tree
Future
o. In the future, as multicast applications become
more popular and bandwidth intensive, there
emerges a pressing need to provide multicasting
support on WANs.
Light TreeLight Tree
ConclusionConclusion
Recently, there has been a lot of interest in WDM
based fiber optic networks. In fact, there is a general
consensus that, in the near future, WANs will be
based on WDM optical networks. So far, all
architectures that have been proposed for WDM
WANs have only considered the problem of
providing unicast services. In addition to unicast
services future WDM WANs need to provide
multicast and broadcast services. A novel WDM
WAN architecture based on light trees that is
capable of supporting broadcasting and multicasting
over a wide-area network by employing a minimum
number of opto-electronic devices was discussed.
Such WDMWAN can provide a very high bandwidth
optical layer, which efficiently routes unicast,
broadcast and multicast packet-switch traffic.
References
 http://www.usdavis.edu
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_Light
_tree
 http://www.slideshare.net/priyakrish792/l
ight-tree-26890046
 http://www.seminarsonly.com/IT/light
%20tree.php
Thank YouThank You

Contenu connexe

Tendances (20)

E-PAPER TECHNOLOGY
E-PAPER TECHNOLOGYE-PAPER TECHNOLOGY
E-PAPER TECHNOLOGY
 
SMART DUST
SMART DUSTSMART DUST
SMART DUST
 
Light Trees ppt
Light Trees pptLight Trees ppt
Light Trees ppt
 
Parasitic computing
Parasitic computingParasitic computing
Parasitic computing
 
Electronics seminar topics
Electronics seminar topicsElectronics seminar topics
Electronics seminar topics
 
Haptic Technology ppt
Haptic Technology pptHaptic Technology ppt
Haptic Technology ppt
 
Li fi technology ppt
Li fi technology pptLi fi technology ppt
Li fi technology ppt
 
Wi-Vi Technology
Wi-Vi TechnologyWi-Vi Technology
Wi-Vi Technology
 
Google glass ppt
Google glass pptGoogle glass ppt
Google glass ppt
 
Free Space Optics (FSO)
Free Space Optics (FSO)Free Space Optics (FSO)
Free Space Optics (FSO)
 
Light tree
Light tree Light tree
Light tree
 
Free space optics (FSO)
Free space optics (FSO)Free space optics (FSO)
Free space optics (FSO)
 
IBOC TECHNOLOGY
IBOC TECHNOLOGYIBOC TECHNOLOGY
IBOC TECHNOLOGY
 
light tree
light treelight tree
light tree
 
BLUE EYES TECHNOLOGY
BLUE EYESTECHNOLOGYBLUE EYESTECHNOLOGY
BLUE EYES TECHNOLOGY
 
DakNet PPT
DakNet PPTDakNet PPT
DakNet PPT
 
LASER Communication
LASER CommunicationLASER Communication
LASER Communication
 
border-security-using-wins
 border-security-using-wins border-security-using-wins
border-security-using-wins
 
Night vision technology
Night vision technologyNight vision technology
Night vision technology
 
Laser communications ppt1
Laser communications ppt1Laser communications ppt1
Laser communications ppt1
 

Similaire à Light tree

WDM & Optical Amplifiers
WDM & Optical AmplifiersWDM & Optical Amplifiers
WDM & Optical AmplifiersEng_Ahmad
 
GEPON Presentation
GEPON  PresentationGEPON  Presentation
GEPON Presentationjuanhev
 
light tree documentation by pradeep
light tree documentation by pradeeplight tree documentation by pradeep
light tree documentation by pradeepPradeep Kumar
 
The evolution of optical wavelength bands
The evolution of optical wavelength bandsThe evolution of optical wavelength bands
The evolution of optical wavelength bandscheer9284
 
Visible Light Communication
Visible Light CommunicationVisible Light Communication
Visible Light CommunicationIJERD Editor
 
The Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must Know
The Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must KnowThe Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must Know
The Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must KnowSun Telecom
 
Dense wavelength division multiplexing
Dense wavelength division multiplexingDense wavelength division multiplexing
Dense wavelength division multiplexingTauseef khan
 
FUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATION
FUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATIONFUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATION
FUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATIONIJCI JOURNAL
 
application of fibre optics in communication
application of fibre optics in communicationapplication of fibre optics in communication
application of fibre optics in communicationRimmi07
 
10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth
10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth
10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On FtthIJERA Editor
 
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...inventionjournals
 
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...inventionjournals
 
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)ArfinShariar
 
OPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptx
OPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptxOPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptx
OPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptxDavidBrown748658
 

Similaire à Light tree (20)

WDM & Optical Amplifiers
WDM & Optical AmplifiersWDM & Optical Amplifiers
WDM & Optical Amplifiers
 
GEPON Presentation
GEPON  PresentationGEPON  Presentation
GEPON Presentation
 
R04504114117
R04504114117R04504114117
R04504114117
 
Wdm
WdmWdm
Wdm
 
Dwdm
DwdmDwdm
Dwdm
 
light tree documentation by pradeep
light tree documentation by pradeeplight tree documentation by pradeep
light tree documentation by pradeep
 
The evolution of optical wavelength bands
The evolution of optical wavelength bandsThe evolution of optical wavelength bands
The evolution of optical wavelength bands
 
Visible Light Communication
Visible Light CommunicationVisible Light Communication
Visible Light Communication
 
The Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must Know
The Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must KnowThe Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must Know
The Complete Guide to WDM-PON You Must Know
 
Dense wavelength division multiplexing
Dense wavelength division multiplexingDense wavelength division multiplexing
Dense wavelength division multiplexing
 
Dwdm
DwdmDwdm
Dwdm
 
VOCATIONAL TRAINING-1
VOCATIONAL TRAINING-1VOCATIONAL TRAINING-1
VOCATIONAL TRAINING-1
 
FUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATION
FUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATIONFUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATION
FUTURE TRENDS IN FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATION
 
application of fibre optics in communication
application of fibre optics in communicationapplication of fibre optics in communication
application of fibre optics in communication
 
10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth
10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth
10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth
 
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
 
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
Review of the Security Challenges of Fiber Optics Technologies in Network Con...
 
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
 
OPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptx
OPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptxOPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptx
OPTICAL_FIBRE_COMMUNICATION.pptx
 
Lifi report
Lifi reportLifi report
Lifi report
 

Dernier

Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptxCorporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptxRustici Software
 
Architecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native ApplicationsArchitecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native ApplicationsWSO2
 
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering DevelopersWSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering DevelopersWSO2
 
ProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemke
ProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemkeProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemke
ProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemkeProduct Anonymous
 
Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...
Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...
Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...apidays
 
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal OntologySix Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontologyjohnbeverley2021
 
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a FresherStrategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a FresherRemote DBA Services
 
Repurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost Saving
Repurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost SavingRepurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost Saving
Repurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost SavingEdi Saputra
 
Apidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, Adobe
Apidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, AdobeApidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, Adobe
Apidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, Adobeapidays
 
Mcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot Model
Mcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot ModelMcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot Model
Mcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot ModelDeepika Singh
 
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024Victor Rentea
 
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdfSandro Moreira
 
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdfBoost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdfsudhanshuwaghmare1
 
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptxVector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptxRemote DBA Services
 
Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...
Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...
Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...Zilliz
 
ICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
ICT role in 21st century education and its challengesICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
ICT role in 21st century education and its challengesrafiqahmad00786416
 
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)Zilliz
 
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected WorkerHow to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected WorkerThousandEyes
 
Platformless Horizons for Digital Adaptability
Platformless Horizons for Digital AdaptabilityPlatformless Horizons for Digital Adaptability
Platformless Horizons for Digital AdaptabilityWSO2
 
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024Victor Rentea
 

Dernier (20)

Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptxCorporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
Corporate and higher education May webinar.pptx
 
Architecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native ApplicationsArchitecting Cloud Native Applications
Architecting Cloud Native Applications
 
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering DevelopersWSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
WSO2's API Vision: Unifying Control, Empowering Developers
 
ProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemke
ProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemkeProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemke
ProductAnonymous-April2024-WinProductDiscovery-MelissaKlemke
 
Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...
Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...
Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...
 
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal OntologySix Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
Six Myths about Ontologies: The Basics of Formal Ontology
 
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a FresherStrategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
 
Repurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost Saving
Repurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost SavingRepurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost Saving
Repurposing LNG terminals for Hydrogen Ammonia: Feasibility and Cost Saving
 
Apidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, Adobe
Apidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, AdobeApidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, Adobe
Apidays New York 2024 - Scaling API-first by Ian Reasor and Radu Cotescu, Adobe
 
Mcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot Model
Mcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot ModelMcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot Model
Mcleodganj Call Girls 🥰 8617370543 Service Offer VIP Hot Model
 
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
Modular Monolith - a Practical Alternative to Microservices @ Devoxx UK 2024
 
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
[BuildWithAI] Introduction to Gemini.pdf
 
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdfBoost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
 
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptxVector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
 
Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...
Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...
Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...
 
ICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
ICT role in 21st century education and its challengesICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
ICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
 
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Introduction to Multilingual Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
 
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected WorkerHow to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
 
Platformless Horizons for Digital Adaptability
Platformless Horizons for Digital AdaptabilityPlatformless Horizons for Digital Adaptability
Platformless Horizons for Digital Adaptability
 
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
Finding Java's Hidden Performance Traps @ DevoxxUK 2024
 

Light tree

  • 1. Light TreeLight Tree Presented By:Presented By: Jitendra YadavJitendra Yadav 11BCAA4611BCAA46
  • 2. Index  IntroductionIntroduction  HistoryHistory  DefinitionDefinition  Need ForTechnologyNeed ForTechnology  ApplicationApplication && FunctionalityFunctionality  Requirement of TechnologyRequirement of Technology  AdvantagesAdvantages andand DisadvantagesDisadvantages  Future enhancementFuture enhancement  ConclusionConclusion  ReferencesReferences TreeTree
  • 3. IntroductionIntroduction o The concept of light tree is introduced in a wavelength routed optical network which employs wavelength -division multiplexing (WDM). o Point to multipoint o Enables single-hop communication o Increases the network throughput. Light TreeLight Tree
  • 4. HistoryHistory o The concept was first published in 1978, and by 1980 WDMThe concept was first published in 1978, and by 1980 WDM systems were being realized in the laboratory. The firstsystems were being realized in the laboratory. The first WDM systems combined only two signals. Modern systemsWDM systems combined only two signals. Modern systems can handle up to 160 signals and can thus expand a basiccan handle up to 160 signals and can thus expand a basic 1010 Gbit/sGbit/s system over a single fiber pair to over 1.6system over a single fiber pair to over 1.6 Tbit/sTbit/s.. o WDM systems are popular withWDM systems are popular with telecommunications companiestelecommunications companies because they allow them tobecause they allow them to expand the capacity of the network without laying moreexpand the capacity of the network without laying more fiber. By using WDM andfiber. By using WDM and optical amplifiersoptical amplifiers, they can, they can accommodate several generations of technologyaccommodate several generations of technology development in their optical infrastructure without having todevelopment in their optical infrastructure without having to overhaul the backbone network. Capacity of a given link canoverhaul the backbone network. Capacity of a given link can be expanded simply by upgrading the multiplexers andbe expanded simply by upgrading the multiplexers and demultiplexers at each end.demultiplexers at each end. Light TreeLight Tree
  • 5. DefinitionDefinition  The concept of light tree is introduced in a wavelength routed optical network, which employs wavelength-division multiplexing(WDM).  Depending on the underlying physical networks 1) First Generation 2) Second Generation 3) Third Generation Light TreeLight Tree
  • 6. What is a Light Tree?What is a Light Tree?  A light tree is a point to point multipoint all optical channel, which may span multiple fiber links. Hence, a light tree enables single-hop communication between a source node and a set of destination nodes. Thus, a light tree based virtual topology can significantly reduce the hop distance, thereby increasing the network throughput. Light TreeLight Tree
  • 7. Light PathLight Path  A light path is an all-optical channel, which may be used to carry circuit switched traffic and it may span multiple fiber links. Assigning a particular wavelength to it sets these up.  A major objective of light path communication is to reduce the number of hops a packet has to traverse. Light TreeLight Tree
  • 8. Need Of TechnologyNeed Of Technology  Data Security  Ease of installation  Eliminating Spark Hazards  High Bandwidth over Long Distances Light TreeLight Tree
  • 9. ApplicationsApplications  Teleconferencing  Videoconferencing  Internet NEWS distribution  Internet television etc.. Light TreeLight Tree
  • 12. FunctionalityFunctionality  Unicast TrafficUnicast Traffic  Broadcast TrafficBroadcast Traffic  Multicast TrafficMulticast Traffic Light TreeLight Tree
  • 18. Combining Unicast and MulticastCombining Unicast and Multicast TrafficTraffic Light TreeLight Tree
  • 19. Requirements o Multicastcapable wavelength routing switches (MWRS) at every node in the network. o More optical amplifiers in the network. This is because if we make n copies of an optical signal by using one or more optical splitters, the signal power of at least one copy will be less than or equal to 1/n times the original signal power; thus more amplifiers may be required to maintain the optical signal power above a certain threshold so that the signal can be detected at their receivers. Light TreeLight Tree
  • 20. ARCHITECTURE OF WAVELENGTH-ROUTED OPTICAL NETWORK Light TreeLight Tree
  • 22. AdvantagesAdvantages  Data Security  Ease of installation  Eliminating Spark Hazards  High Bandwidth over Long Distances Light TreeLight Tree
  • 23. DisadvantagesDisadvantages  Price  Fragility  Opaqueness  Requires special skills Light TreeLight Tree
  • 24. Future o. In the future, as multicast applications become more popular and bandwidth intensive, there emerges a pressing need to provide multicasting support on WANs. Light TreeLight Tree
  • 25. ConclusionConclusion Recently, there has been a lot of interest in WDM based fiber optic networks. In fact, there is a general consensus that, in the near future, WANs will be based on WDM optical networks. So far, all architectures that have been proposed for WDM WANs have only considered the problem of providing unicast services. In addition to unicast services future WDM WANs need to provide multicast and broadcast services. A novel WDM WAN architecture based on light trees that is capable of supporting broadcasting and multicasting over a wide-area network by employing a minimum number of opto-electronic devices was discussed. Such WDMWAN can provide a very high bandwidth optical layer, which efficiently routes unicast, broadcast and multicast packet-switch traffic.
  • 26. References  http://www.usdavis.edu  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_Light _tree  http://www.slideshare.net/priyakrish792/l ight-tree-26890046  http://www.seminarsonly.com/IT/light %20tree.php