Get a life - a presentation about the exposome at Occupational Hygiene
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Describes work in the HEALS project (www.HEALS-eu.eu). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 603946.
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Get a life - a presentation about the exposome at Occupational Hygiene
- 1. INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE . Edinburgh . UK www.iom-world.org Get a life?! John W Cherrie1,2 Andrew Apsley1 and Sean Semple1,2 1. Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine 2. Scottish Centre for Indoor Air, University of Aberdeen
- 4. Summary • The exposome, from conception to death • We’re in the 21st century • The internet of things • The quantified self • Citizen science • Sensors and the cloud • Low-cost sensors and what they can do • HEALS, the biggest environment and health project in Europe • The implications of all this for occupational hygiene
- 5. Two-thirds of the deaths in the world are caused by noncommunicable diseases, especially cancer and cardiovascular disease Only about 10% of this mortality attributed to genetic variation
- 6. The exposome is composed of every exposure to which an individual is subjected from conception to death. Chris Wild
- 7. The Exposome… The exposome is composed of every exposure to which an individual is subjected from conception to death. It comprises: • processes internal to the body such as metabolism, gut microflora, inflammation… • external exposures including infectious agents, chemical contaminants, diet… • social, economic and psychological influences. Wild, C. P. (2012). The exposome: from concept to utility. International Journal of Epidemiology, 41(1), 24–32.
- 8. Critical life stages Wild, C. P. (2012).
- 9. Agnostic investigations… • Steve Rappaport recommends searching for potential causes without any prior hypothesis • Approach lends itself to “omics” technologies • Although other measurements can also contribute to this approach • Follow-up with more focused epidemiological and mechanistic studies
- 10. Measuring the exposome… • “Omics” biomarkers, particularly metabolomics and proteomics, from biobank samples • Small-low cost sensors, linked to smart phones or the Internet (of Things) • Integrated environmental sensors and sensor arrays • Collecting data using tablet computers etc – “citizen science” initiatives • Accessing “big data” stored others, e.g. electricity consumption, shopping habits
- 16. Citizen science… • Dylos DC 1700 • Laser-based particle counter • 1 min data logging capability more than 6 days • Quiet • Mains operated with battery for 6 hours • Low cost - £265 Semple S, Apsley A, MacCalman L. An inexpensive particle monitor for smoker behaviour modification in homes. Tob Control. 2013 Sep;22(5):295-8. http://www.refreshproject.org.uk/
- 17. Calibration dataset (n=25,301) r2 =0.86 Sidepak PM2.5 = 0.65 + 4.16 x 10-5[Dylos particles] + 1.57x10-11[Dylos particles]2
- 18. Dylos and occupational exposure…
- 21. Smart sensor packages… • NetAtmo • Measures temperature, humidity, noise and CO2 • Cloud enabled, syncs with phone, tablet and computer • Cost €176 http://www.netatmo.com
- 23. HEALS… • Health and Environment-wide Associations based on Large population Surveys Isabella Annesi-Maesano, www.heals-eu.eu Prof. Dimosthenis Sarigiannis,
- 24. Important parameters… • Location • Mobile phone technology • Activity (movement, orientation) • Walking, running, transport • Standing, sitting, lying • Temperature and humidity • Indoor / outdoor • Light / dark (maybe UV) • Indoor / outdoor pollutants • Sound level • Diet http://mimobaby.com
- 25. Confidentiality? • Exposome projects will collect sensitive personal data • However, we mostly share personal data already • And sharing data will become commonplace • Researchers will need to act under normal rules of medical ethics • Practitioners may need to develop clear guidelines
- 26. Implications for occ. hygiene • We need to become aware of the possibilities • Omics offers new ways to investigate work exposures • Accuracy and precision is not everything, but tools need calibration • Tracking location and behaviour provides new data • There are confidentiality issues to be resolved • Citizen science revolution is coming
- 28. Acknowledgement… The HEALS project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 603946.