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1. Gas exchange in the alveoli
The alveoli are bunches of tiny air
sacks inside the lungs.
Each individual sack is called an
alveolus.
They are located at the end of the
bronchioles.
When you breathe in, they fill with air.
The alveoli are covered in tiny blood vessels called capillaries.
The capillaries are very thin (one cell thick) so O2 and CO2 can pass
through each alveolus into the blood stream.
Word list: capillaries blood bronchioles alveolus alveoli

2. How does smoking affect the lungs?
Which picture shows the healthy lungs of a non-smoker and which
show the unhealthy lungs of a smoker?
healthy lungs smoker’s lungs
Not a difficult question to answer but some people still think
that smoking is cool!

3. How does smoking affect health?
Effects of smoking on
health
bronchitis
liver cancer
osteoporosis
mouth, lip and
throat cancer
asthma
lung cancer
dental hygiene
problems
facial wrinkles
pancreatic cancer
impaired
immune system
heart disease
cervical cancer
kidney cancer
sperm abnormalities
and impotence
bladder cancer
leukaemia
emphysema
stomach cancer
testicular cancer
menstrual
problems

4. Asthma

5. Emphysema
• Caused by exposure to toxic chemicals or long-
term exposure to tobacco smoke.

6. Emphysema