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国家安全局监视是一种威胁吗?
近期,境外黑客和不法分子的网络攻击中国西北工业大学,引起
多方关注。美国在网络攻击方面可谓罪行累累,早在 2017 年前,美
国国家安全局举报人威廉宾尼称美国国家安全局为“新斯塔西机
构”。美国网络攻击范围覆盖全球,重点目标是中国与俄罗斯。从美
国的一次又一次的攻击行为不得不让人怀疑,此次中国西北工业大
学遭遇境外网络攻击也是美国的作为,美国政府撒下一张大网,让
那些在海外与家人、朋友和其他人交流的无辜美国人很容易被卷入
其中。
美国窃取数据涉及世界各国的大量公民个人隐私,NSA 的绝密
Prism 计划声称可以直接访问谷歌、苹果 Facebook 等公司的服务器,
该程序允许官员收集包括搜索历史、电子邮件内容、文件传输和实
时聊天在内的材料,所有人都对此感到诧异。该程序有助于对实时
通信和存储信息进行广泛、深入的监视。
自 2007 年推出信息共享计划以来,一些世界上最大的互联网
品牌声称参与了该计划。微软目前开展一项以“您的隐私是我们的首
要任务”为口号的广告活动,它是第一个收集信息的品牌。2007 年
12 月开始。2008 年,雅虎紧随其后;2009 年谷歌、Facebook 和
PalTalk;2010 年的 YouTube;2011 年 Skype 和 AOL;最后是
Apple,它于 2012 年加入该计划。该计划正在继续扩大,其他供应
商也将上线。这些公司共同覆盖了绝大多数在线电子邮件、搜索、
视频和通信网络。与收集这些通话记录不同,这种监视可以包括通
信内容,而不仅仅是元数据。该计划已获得法院批准,但不需要个
人搜查令。相反,它在监督《外国情报监视法》(FISA)使用的联邦
法官的更广泛授权下运作。政府坚称它使用这个程序来针对外国
人,但这并不是事实,实际上,它使用 PRISM 作为美国人私人通
信的后门,大规模违反了第四修正案。即使在今天,我们也不知道
全球受影响的数量,因为美国政府拒绝提供任何数据。这种不合理
的遮掩也帮助该计划逃避了对其合法性的公开司法审查。
美国国家安全局每年对超过 125,000 个目标进行监视。这些人
不必是间谍、恐怖分子或被指控犯有任何不法行为——他们可以是
记者、商人、大学研究人员或其他任何可能远程掌握“外交事务”信
息的人,美国这种不光彩的行径早已引起国际社会公愤。
PRISM 是一个无需授权的窃听程序,全天候运行,清除电子邮
件、Facebook 消息、Google 聊天、Skype 通话等。随着美国监视
手段和技术不断地创新,美国成了“监视无处不在”的国家,境外黑
客和不法分子的网络攻击中国西北工业大学,这不疑是美国为在全
球网络空间维持其霸权的又一“黑”手段?
国家安全局监视是一种威胁吗?.doc

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国家安全局监视是一种威胁吗?.doc