2. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
3. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
4. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
5. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
6. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
7. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
8. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
9. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
10. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
11. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
12. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
13. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
14. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
15. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
16. DEFINITION
Antepartum Hemorrhage : Is the vagina bleeding that
occurs after 20th week before delivery. (America)
Occurs after 28th week in Ghana.
It has an incidence rate of about 2-5% of pregnancies.
CAUSES
PLACENTA
Abruptio Placenta
Placenta Previa
NON PLACENTA
Uterine rupture
Vasa previa
Cervicitis
Trauma
Infections
Tumors
18. UTERINE RUPTURE
RISK FACTORS
∗ The most common risk factor is
previous uterine incision.
∗ High parity
∗ Trauma
PRESENTATIONS
∗ Sudden severe fetal heart
decelerations.
∗ Abdominal pain & PV bleeding
( <10%).
∗ Trauma
∗ Labour complications
Malpresentation
Unusual fetal enlargement.
(Hydrocephalus)
( <10%).
∗ Diaphragmatic irritation.
∗ Cessation of uterine
contractions.
PROGNOSIS
Fetal death.
Maternal mortality.
Maternal morbidity.
MANAGEMENT
stabilization of maternal hemodynamics.
Prompt C/S with either repair of the uterine defect or
hysterectomy.
Antibiotics.
19. ∗ Vasa previa refers to vessels that traverse the membranes
in the lower uterine segment in advance of the fetal head.
∗ Rupture of these vessels can occur with or without rupture
of the membranes and result in fetal death.
∗ The incidence is 1 in 2000 – 3000 deliveries.
Associated Conditions
VASA PREVIA
Associated Conditions
∗ Low-lying placenta.
∗ Multi-lobed placenta.
∗ Multiple pregnancies.
∗ Pregnancies resulting from IVF
DIAGNOSIS
Ultrasound with color flow Doppler.
MANAGEMENT
Consider hospitalization in
the third trimester to
provide proximity to
facilities for emergency
cesarean delivery.
