2. Introduction
• Shallow foundation sometime subjected to
bearing capacity failure and/or excessive
settlement.
• The failure resulted by poor condition of
existing soil.
• In such cases, deep or pile foundations may be
used to support the structure.
28. Pile Driving Formula
• Generally, no pile driving formula has been
developed that gives accurate results for pile
capacity
• Soil resistance does not remain constant
during and after the pile driving operation
• Pile driving