Build a video chat application with twilio, rails, and javascript (part 1)

Build a Video
Chat
Application
with Twilio,
Rails, and
Javascript
(Part 1)
www.bacancytechnology.com

Want to develop your own video chat app?
But, not sure where to start? Don’t worry at
all! We are here with a tutorial that will help
you build your own video chat application.
Don’t limit yourself, and start exploring
with us!

Here, we will learn with an example and
build a one-to-one video chat application
with Twilio, Rails, and Javascript. With this
application, you can easily video chat with
your family and friends.

Before building the Twilio video chat
application, look at the video below to have
a rough idea of the demo. The video chat
app development will consist of three major
sections – User Interface using Javascript +
HTML + CSS, Twilio Basic Set-Up, and
Business Logic to Build a Video Chat App.
https://youtu.be/IoGb6jo9bgs

Twilio account
Ruby version 2.6.2
Node version 14.8.0
Rails version 6
Bundler to install dependencies

Basic Project
Set-Up and
Dependencies
Installation

2.6.2 ruby version
6.0.4.1 Rails version
14.8.0 node version.
Before getting started with the demo
application, here’s my system set up-

Create a new rails application using the
below commands

rails new twilio-video-call
cd twilio-video-call

Then, run the following command to install
dependencies – bootstrap, jQuery, and
popper.js

yarn add bootstrap@4.3.1 jquery popper.js

After this, add the following code in the
config/webpack/environment.js file.

const { environment } =
require('@rails/webpacker')
const webpack = require("webpack")
environment.plugins.append("Provide",
new webpack.ProvidePlugin({
$: 'jquery',
jQuery: 'jquery',
Popper: ['popper.js', 'default']
}))
module.exports = environment
//
config/webpack/environme
nt.js file

Go to app/assets/stylesheets/application.css
and add the following line above the
require_tree and require_self lines.

*= require bootstrap
And add this code in application.js

require("jquery")
import $ from 'jquery';
window.jQuery = $; window.$ = $;

Now, it’s time to create a Model, View, and
Controller using Scaffold once we have a
basic setup. Use the below command to do
the same.

rails g scaffold room name:string
After that, go to the migration file and add the
unique_name and room_sid field to the
migration. We will use this in the future. Now
your migration will look like this.

class CreateRooms
<ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
def change
create_table :rooms do |t|
t.string :name
t.string :unique_name
t.string :room_sid
t.timestamps
end
end
end

Go to the config/routes.rb file and add the
root path for your app.

root to: "rooms#index"
After that, migrate the database using.

rails db:migrate
After that, go to this URL
http://localhost:3000/.

Congratulations! If you see this screen, your
app is working.

Now let’s create the random string as a
unique name for each room. Add this code
to the room.rb model.

before_create :add_uniqe_name
def add_uniqe_name
unless self.unique_name.present?
self.unique_name = (0...15).map {
('a'..'z').to_a[rand(26)] }.join
end
end

// room.rb
This will create a unique random string for
the unique_name field whenever a new
room is generated.

Moving on further with the tutorial to build
a video chat application with Twilio, Rails,
and JS. Here, we are done with creating a
room. Now, let’s set up a Twilio account and
store its credentials.

Add Twilio
Gem and
Create Twilio
Account

For that, we are going to use Twilio
Programmable video. For this, we need a
Twilio account. Click here to create an
account if you don’t have any.

Add Gems into gemfile
gem 'twilio-ruby'
gem 'dotenv-rails'
Run bundle
bundle install

After that, go to your Twilio dashboard and
copy the ACCOUNT SID and AUTH TOKEN.

For storing credentials, we are going to use
dotenv. Create a .env file in the root
directory of the project. And Add the
following line in config/application.rb.

dotenv::Railtie.load
For this tutorial, I’m going to create that
file in the twilio-video-call folder. If you
use git for version control, don’t forget to
add this file in gitignore.

Go to the API Key section and click the red
plus sign to create a new API key. Give your
key a recognizable name representing the
project you’re working on in the Friendly
Name text field and leave the Key Type
Standard. Click the button that says Create
API Key. Assign those keys to
API_KEY_SID and API_KEY_SECRET.

Add those credentials in the .env file.

Business
Logic to Build
a Video Chat
Application
with Twilio,
Rails

// controllers/rooms_controller.rb
def show
@client =
Twilio::REST::Client.new(ENV['ACCOUNT_S
ID'], ENV['AUTH_TOKEN'])
unless @room.room_sid.present?
# create room in twilio
twilio_room =
@client.video.rooms.create(type: 'peer-to-
peer',unique_name: @room.unique_name)
@room.update(room_sid:
twilio_room.sid)
end
identity = (0...5).map {
('a'..'z').to_a[rand(26)] }.join
@room_name = @room.unique_name
Create Twilio Room
Change the Show action’s code with the
following code.

#create token to access Twilio room
@token =
Twilio::JWT::AccessToken.new(ENV['ACCOU
NT_SID'],
ENV['API_KEY_SID'],ENV['API_KEY_SECR
ET'], identity: identity)
#create video grant for token
grant =
Twilio::JWT::AccessToken::VideoGrant.new
grant.room = @room_name
@token.add_grant grant
@token = @token.to_jwt
end

This code will first check the presence of sid
(unique id used for Twilio unique rooms) in
the database. If it is not available, it will
generate the room in Twilio and store the
sid in the database.

We are creating a unique string as a unique
identifier for the Twilio room. (You can use
the logged-in user’s name for it.)

It will create the Twilio token and video
grant.

User
Interface for
Video Chat
App

For building a user interface, open
views/rooms/show.html.erb and use the
below code. You can change the styling part
as you like.

// views/rooms/show.html.erb.

Add the following css style code in
app/assets/stylesheets/rooms.scss
buttons-panel{
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
}
#remote-video{
border-radius: 15px;
video{
width: 100%;
height: 770px;
}
}
#local-video{
video{
width: 100%;
height: 300px;
}
}

Let’s write the code for connecting Twilio
rooms.

Include the Twilio js in the show.html.erb
file

<%= javascript_include_tag
'https://media.twiliocdn.com/sdk/js/video/r
eleases/2.3.0/twilio-video.min.js' %>

Create a video_call.js file in the
javascript/packs folder and include that file
from application.js. And add the following
code in that file.

// video_call.js
,
window.joinRoom = async function(room,
token){
const Video = Twilio.Video;
const localTracks = await
Video.createLocalTracks({
audio: true,
video: { height: 1080, frameRate: 24, width:
1980 },
});
try {
room = await Video.connect(token, {
name: room,
tracks: localTracks,
bandwidthProfile: {
video: {
mode: 'collaboration',

,
maxTracks: 10,
dominantSpeakerPriority: 'high',
renderDimensions: {
high: {height:1080, width:1980},
standard: {height:720, width:1280},
low: {height:176, width:144}
}
}
},
dominantSpeaker: true,
maxAudioBitrate: 16000,
preferredVideoCodecs: [{ codec: 'VP8',
simulcast: true }],
networkQuality: {local:1, remote: 4}
});
} catch (error) {
console.log(error);
}
const localMediaContainer =
document.getElementById("local-video");
localTracks.forEach((localTrack) => {
l

,
ocalMediaContainer.appendChild(localTrac
k.attach());
});
// display video/audio of other participants
who have already joined
room.participants.forEach(onParticipantCo
nnected);
room.on("participantConnected",
onParticipantConnected);
room.on("participantDisconnected",
onParticipantDisconnected);
$("#call-end-btn").removeClass("d-none");
$("#call-end-btn").on("click",function() {
onLeaveButtonClick(room);
})
};

,
window.onParticipantConnected =
function(participant){
var remote_div =
document.getElementById('remote-video');
const participantDiv =
document.createElement('div');
participantDiv.id = participant.sid;

const trackSubscribed = (track) => {
participantDiv.appendChild(track.attach());
};
participant.on("trackSubscribed",
trackSubscribed);
participant.tracks.forEach((publication) =>
{
if (publication.isSubscribed) {
trackSubscribed(publication.track);
}
});
remote_div.appendChild(participantDiv);

,
const trackUnsubscribed = (track) => {
track.detach().forEach((element) =>
element.remove());
};
participant.on("trackUnsubscribed",
trackUnsubscribed);
};
window.onParticipantDisconnected =
function(participant){
const participantDiv =
document.getElementById(participant.sid);
participantDiv.parentNode.removeChild(pa
rticipantDiv);
};
window.onLeaveButtonClick =
function(room){
room.localParticipant.tracks.forEach((publi
cation) => {

,
const track = publication.track;
track.stop();
const elements = track.detach();
elements.forEach((element) =>
element.remove());
});
room.disconnect();
window.location = '/';
};
This function will generate the local video
and audio track and publish it in the Twilio
cloud for the specific room using a token.
And display your local video in DOM. It will
do the same for other remote users of the
same room and display the remote user’s
video in your DOM.

,
When you click on the disconnect button, It
will remove your video locally and from the
Twilio room and redirect you to the index
page.

Now call this function from your show page
of the room. Add the below code in
views/rooms/show.html.erb

<script>
$(document).ready(function() {
setTimeout(
function() {
joinRoom("<%= @room_name %>","<%=
@token %>");
}, 2000);
});
</script>

,
Now go to your root path and create a room.
After that, go to the show page of that room
and wait 3-4 sec while Twilio js is loaded from
CDN. Copy that URL and paste it into the
incognito tab, and Here we go. Your video call
app is ready.

The entire source code is available here:
twilio-video-chat-app

,
I hope the tutorial was helpful, and you
have decided to build your video chat
application with Twilio, Rails, and JS. If
you’re a ROR enthusiast, then the ROR
tutorials page is for you! Visit the Ruby on
Rails tutorials page; feel free to clone the
github repository and play around with the
code. Write to us if you have any questions
or suggestions.

Even after following the tutorial, you might
face some real-time errors and problems. In
such scenarios, it would be advisable to hire
experienced developers. Looking for skilled
and dedicated ROR developers to integrate
a video chat feature into your application?
Without wasting a second, contact us to hire
ROR developer.

,
Thank You
www.bacancytechnology.com

Build a video chat application with twilio, rails, and javascript (part 1)

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