Presentation cum training module about how to design thinking can be useful in projects. How project management team can become more innovative through learning design thinking. This also covers which type of projects design thinking can work best.

1. Design Thinking
By:
Ketan Gandhi
Consultant, Trainer
& Coach
(www.kgguruji.com) 1

2. Project Success
Why project
results
continue to
disappoint
stakeholders?
2

3. Assumptions in Project
• Goals and method to achieve are well
understood at the start.
• All category of projects are equal.
• Can we apply this assumption to all types of
projects?
3

4. Types of Projects (Goals-
method matrix)
EngineeringProduct
Development
Applications,
Software
Development
Research&
Organizational
Change
Yes
No
No
Yes
Goals Well Defined
Methodswelldefined
Type 1
Type 4Type 2
Type 3
4

5. Role Play – Part I
• Research & design - 21st century class room
(Year 2020)
– Time duration of completion of delivery – 6
months (Parts, equipment are available)
– Budget – Rs. 30 lakh
– Quality – World class, good aesthetics, best
quality
5

6. • 1920 class room 2020 class room
• ?
6

7. Ideal project
• Project should be considered successful, if it
creates value for users, achieves its purpose
(Not only Time-Cost-Quality factors)
• Classroom redesigned was categorized in to
which type of project (Type-1, Type-2, Type-3
or Type-4)?
7

8. Designer’s practice
• Domain that has great experience in creating value for
user is the domain of design. Create product, only
aspired end value is known, not the goals & methods.
(Type – 4 projects)
• Studying the way designers work and adopting these
practices will benefit, because designers have been
dealing with open, complex problems for many years
• Type – 4 projects have a greater chance to failure if
dealt the same way like Type-1 project.
8

9. Design Thinking
• Process of creative
problem solving
• Way of thinking which
leads to
– Transformation
– Evolution
– Innovation
• It can be applied to all
sectors, IT, education,
social, business, e-
Commerce etc.
9

10. Design Thinking
Informat
ion
Interview
Understand
Challenges
Pain Points
Share Ideas
Prioritize
Fail fast
Iterate
What works
Iterate
10
Design
Thinking
Define
Ideate
Prototype
Test
Storytelling
Empathize
WhoYou
Are solving for
Whattheir
needs are
Howyou
will solve

11. Design Thinking
• User/human centered process
• Thorough understanding of need & want
• Finding solution of ill defined problem
• In depth inquiry, review of decisions, rewrite
problem definition
• Creative, iterative & practical approach to find
innovative ideas & solutions
11

12. Method in Type-4 projects
• Multi-disciplinary teams
• Gather information
• Observation
• Ask questions
• Prioritize pain areas/challenges to be solved
• Brainstorm & share ideas
• Develop prototypes
• Fail fast to succeed faster
12

13. Design Thinking
• Reframing problem – based on observation,
empathy and investigation – develop new
solutions
• Use visual board – Exploration of aspired value
through visual analogies – to highlight
desirable aspects of the outcome
• Reframe the project
13

14. Class room design
• influences levels of interaction & engagement
• Engagement, cooperative & active learning improve
retention
• Maximizes learning opportunities & create meaningful
experiences
• can help to develop skills for life & work beyond
classroom
• Influences level of student & faculty interaction
• Comfortable classrooms-physically & psychologically,
keep minds focused & limit distractions
14

15. Traditional class room v/s
Learning studio
Traditional Class Room Learning Studio
Student Boring
Dry
Oppressive
Restrictive
Intimidating
Content centered
Teacher centered
Low retention
Inviting
Welcoming
Comfortable
Open
Clean
Fresh
Relaxing
Student centered
Faculty Bulky fixed furniture
Long tables
“Soldiers in a row”
Inefficient
Low interaction
Only suitable lectures
Interactive
Modern
Flexible
Easy to move around
Better for group work
Use of technology
Conducive to learning
Skill enhancement
15

16. Learning Pyramid
16

17. Biggest challenge
• Student’s engagement
• Employ-ability skills
• Learning retention
• Not leveraging advanced technology
• Research findings about classroom design were
largely ignored
• Ignored changing needs of learners & facilitators
• Multi-mode of learning not possible
• Personalized learning not possible
17

18. Role Play Part – II
• Discuss in groups & come up with better
concept that solves these challenges & meet
objectives
18

19. Role Play Part - II
• 1920 class room 2020 class room
•
19

20. Design thinking in traditional
project management
Requirement Gathering Stakeholder management Risk Management
Clear definition of scope Align expectations Risk & opportunity
identification
Feasibility Meet unarticulated needs
& wants
Better assessment from
stakeholder & requirement
point of view
Prototyping Creates value Reduced risk through
removal of complexities
Identify problem & pain
areas too
Share feedback
Challenges status quo Highly involved
20

21. Design thinking echoed in
Agile method
• 2, 4,
6, 7
21

22. Summary
• Design thinking is a mindset, philosophy
• Everything we encounter (except trees etc.) can
be designed better
• Can’t be used in all projects
• Develop process for implementation of design
thinking
• Should fit the culture of the company
• Require different organisation structure, culture
to be successful
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