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1. Paragraph Writing

2. Topic Sentence
• What is the topic sentence?
The topic sentence is the first sentence in a paragraph.
What does it do?
It introduces the main idea of the paragraph.
• How do I write one?
Summarize the main idea of your paragraph. Indicate to the reader what your
paragraph will be about.
• Example:
• There are three reasons why Canada is one of the best country in the world. First,
Canada has an excellent health care system. All Canadians have access to medical
services at a reasonable price. Second, Canada has a high standard of education.
Students are taught by well-trained teachers and are encouraged to continue
studying at university. Finally, Canada's cities are clean and efficiently managed.
Canadian cities have many parks and lots of space for people to live. As a result,
Canada is a desirable place to live.

3. Supporting Details
• What are supporting sentences?
They come after the topic sentence, making up the body of a paragraph.
What do they do?
They give details to develop and support the main idea of the paragraph.
• How do I write them?
You should give supporting facts, details, and examples.
• Example:
• There are three reasons why Canada is one of the best countries in the world.
First, Canada has an excellent health care system. All Canadians have access to
medical services at a reasonable price. Second, Canada has a high standard of
education. Students are taught by well-trained teachers and are encouraged to
continue studying at university. Finally, Canada's cities are clean and efficiently
managed. Canadian cities have many parks and lots of space for people to live. As
a result, Canada is a desirable place to live.

4. Closing Sentence
• What is the closing sentence?
The closing sentence is the last sentence in a paragraph.
What does it do?
It restates the main idea of your paragraph.
• How do I write one?
Restate the main idea of the paragraph using different words.
• Example:
• There are three reasons why Canada is one of the best countries in the
world. First, Canada has an excellent health care system. All Canadians
have access to medical services at a reasonable price. Second, Canada has
a high standard of education. Students are taught by well-trained teachers
and are encouraged to continue studying at university. Finally, Canada's
cities are clean and efficiently managed. Canadian cities have many parks
and lots of space for people to live. As a result, Canada is a desirable
place to live.

5. Types of paragraphs
• Definition Paragraph
When writing a definition paragraph, you take a thing or an
idea and explain what it is.
Example: Write a paragraph giving the definition of a pest.
The following words can help you to write a good
definition paragraph:
1. "is defined as"
Example: A pest is defined as any animal or plant that
damages crops, forests, or property.
2. "is a kind of"
Example: A pest is a kind of animal or plant that damages
crops, forests, or property.

6. Sequence Paragraph
• In a sequencing paragraph, you are writing to
describe a series of events or a process in
some sort of order. Usually, this order is based
on time.
Example: Write a paragraph outlining how a
person becomes the prime minister.
The following words can help you to write a
good sequence paragraph. Helper Words:

7. first, second, third, etc.
Example: First, you need to become a leader of a political party. Second, you
need to win a seat in the House of Commons. Third, your party must have a
majority of seats.

8. Classification Paragraph
• When writing a classification paragraph, you
group things or ideas into specific categories.
Example:
Write a paragraph discussing two types of
energy resources.
• The following words can help you to write a
good classification paragraph:

9. is a kind of
Coal is a kind of non-renewable resource.
can be divided into
Energy resources can be divided into two
types.
falls under
Coal falls under the category of non-renewable
resources.

10. Choice Paragraph
• In a paragraph where you have to make a choice,
you need to choose which object, idea, or action
that you prefer. Often, you will need to give your
opinion on a choice of actions or events.
• Example: Write a paragraph stating whether
you would prefer to play hockey or lacrosse.
• The following words can help you to write a
good choice paragraph:

11. in my opinion
Example: In my opinion, hockey is more
fun than lacrosse.
belief
Example: My belief is that hockey is
more fun than lacrosse.
idea
Example: My idea is that hockey is more
fun than lacrosse.

12. Description Paragraph
• In a description paragraph, you are writing
about what a person, place, or thing is like.
Sometimes, you may describe where a place is
located. Examples: Write a paragraph
describing what a polar bear looks like.
Describe where Canada's industry is located.
• The following words can help you to write a
good description paragraph:

13. size
Example: Polar bears are big in size.
colour
Example: Polar bears are usually white in colour.
shape
Example: Polar bears have a special shape.

14. Explanation Paragraph
• In an explanation paragraph, you need to explain
how or why something happens. Very often in
social studies class, you will be asked to explore
causes and effects of certain events.
• Example: Write a paragraph explaining why so
many Europeans moved to Canada during the
nineteenth century.
• The following words can help you to write a
good explanation paragraph:

15. because
Example: People moved to Canada from Europe during the nineteenth
century because they had poor living conditions in Europe.
therefore
Example: Living conditions in Europe were terrible. Therefore, many people
moved to Canada for a better life.

16. Compare and Contrast Paragraph
• In a compare and contrast paragraph, you
write about the similarities and differences
between two or more people, places, things,
or ideas. Example: Write a paragraph
comparing the weather in Vancouver and
Halifax.
• The following words can help you to write a
good compare and contrast paragraph:

17. is similar to
Example: Spring weather in Vancouver is similar to spring weather in Halifax.
on the other hand
Example: On the other hand, winter is much colder in Halifax.

18. Evaluation Paragraph
• In an evaluation paragraph, you make judgments
about people, ideas, and possible actions. You
need to make your evaluation based on certain
criteria that you develop. In the paragraph, you
will state your evaluation or recommendation
and then support it by referring to your criteria.
Example: Write a paragraph evaluating whether
pesticides should be used on farms.
• The following words can help you to write a
good evaluation paragraph:

19. good / bad
Example: The use of pesticides such as DDT is bad for the environment.
suggest
Example: I suggest that pesticides should not be used to control pests.