By Kritika Sarkar

1. Biomedical waste
treatment plant
Submitted by:
Kritika Sarkar
B.D.S final year

2. Certificate
This is to certify that this is a
bonafide work of Kritika Sarkar of
B.D.S, IV year roll no.______ and
has completed the visit report on
time.
Verified by: Date:
_________ _________
Dept. of
Community Dentistry.
HDC&H

3.  Introduction.
 Biomedical waste
 Sources of biomedical wastes
 Segregation of wastes (at pt of
disposal).
 Incineration :
◦ Definition.
◦ Types of incinerators
◦ Components
◦ Schematic representation of
Processes involved.
◦ Effluent & air emissions.
 Conclusion.

4. I owe my gratitude to Dr. Vinay
Sureshan & Dr. Nalini Saxena
(Dept. of Public health Dentistry),
for there enormous support ,
guidance & providing the
opportunity for a great learning
experience.
I would also like to extend my
gratefulness to the my seniors
and colleagues for supporting me
for the preparation of this report.

5.  We the students of B.D.S. IV year,
HDC&H, visited Biomedical waste
disposal plant- Elite Engineers,
Kathonda. We interacted with the in
charge, Mr. Shukla and workers, who
explained how the waste was collected
from different hospitals & nursing homes
in color coded plastic bags and how all
the procedures were carried out.
 We also visited different sections of the
plant.
 We also learned about the pre-disposal
measures taken before land filling.

7.  According to biomedical waste
(managing &handling) rules,
1998 India, “Bio-medical waste”
means any waste, which is
generated during the diagnosis,
treatment/ immunization of
human-beings/ animals, or in
research actives pertaining
thereto of in the production or
testing of biologicals.

8.  Government/private hospitals
 Nursing homes
 Physician/dentist office or clinic
 Dispensaries
 Primary health care centers
 Medical research and training
centers
 Animal/slaughter houses
 Labs/research organizations
 Vaccinating centers
 Bio tech institutions/production units

11.  Old –
The process of burning, setting
fire to or destroying
 New –
An engineered process using
controlled flame combustion to
thermally degrade waste
materials

12.  ROTARY KILN
 FLUIDIZED BED
 LIQUID INJECTION
 MULTIPLE HEARTH
 CATALYTIC COMBUSTION
 WASTE-GAS FLARE
 DIRECT-FLAME
We observed the double chambered
direct flame type of incinerator which is
adequate for combustion of all infective
waste but the disadvantage is that there
is incomplete combustion of Cytotoxic
wastes.

13.  Waste pre-treatment - pre-
heating, autoclaving & shredding
 Waste loading systems –
conveyors, hoppers, sprayers,
manual, etc.
 Burner management system
 Combustion chambers
 Air pollution control device
 Ash and slough disposal

14. Schematic
representation

15.  This consists in sorting,
separation, size reduction and
sieving technologies in varying
configurations to achieve a
mechanical separation of waste
fractions into potentially useful
products and/or streams suitable
for biological processing.
 We saw a shredder and a
segregating unit for such type of
treatment.
 Also the plastics and glass wares
were subjected to autoclaving
before shredding.

16. Autoclave
Shredder

17.  The waste loading was manually
done in the plant.
 In bigger plants is carried out by
conveyors, hoppers or sprayers.

18.  The chamber’s base had burners
which were fueled by diesel.

20. Collection of toxic emissions from
the combustion chamber
Emissions treated with purified
water
Slough comes to the surface of
water
Slough is separated
Water resent to treatment tanks
with alum, jaggery & cattle excreta.

24.  The residues from the
combustion chamber and the
(dried) slough in collected and
sent to Indore, for land filling.

26. The industry visit was a great
learning experience where we
could see and understand the
step by step processes well.