1. 3D Printing
3D printing can be complicated to a novice, with all the new software and hardware that is
pretty new technology, but 3D printing can be amazing.
But you do not have to be talented or creative, just messing around with the software can be fun,
easy and productive. There are many software’s and hardware’s you can find for a price, which you
can use as a 3D printing mechanisms, scan, create or find other designs and put them into your
software and the hardware and software will work together to make brilliant pieces of art.
There are many pros and cons of both plastics and all hardware’s and software’s:
ABS and PLA plastic is most commonly used.
3D printing can cause harm from the molecules in the air it produces – more harmful than smoking.
If you make household item, the 3D printer can pay for its self in a year.
http://www.thedalleschr
onicle.com/news/2013/
may/16/3d-printer-adds-
new-dimensions-art/

2. http://www.idtechex.com/research/articles/the-problem-with-3d-printing-00005935.asp
If it’s too hot the plastic will melt to fast, ruining your print, spurting out hot plastic, and it may clog
the machine.
If it’s too cold the plastic will clog up the machine, stop sending out plastic while still running, which
may create more problems.
The cost of repair does vary but it seems to be more expensive then the actually printer.
At the end of a print the machine can sometimes ruin the top by putting a ‘curl’ that sticks to the
top. (Just think of how a Mr whippy comes out)
A simple breeze can have a huge negative effect (Mostly with ABS) also ABS is more toxic.
Can make structures such as cars and full scale skeletons with organs
PLA is a lot faster at cooling and comes in more colours. It is also less toxic.
There are different qualities, such as 27 MM and 10 MM
220 ABS and 180 – 210 PLA Fahrenheit
ABS is stronger than PLA; therefore correcting mistakes can be much harder, without damaging the
object.
Many 3D printers have problems with the radius, and putting the outlines into place.
After sometime the printers LCD will crash.
Heat problems can be fixed with the printer its self, by making its own fans.
Saves you money in the long run

3. 20 billion harmful particles are released during a minute.
3D printers can be used to print out special masked used for people with disabilities, to help them
talk, drink and eat on their own.
Certain plastic bone fragments can be made for surgery, cutting down surgery costs and helping
people much quicker in hospitals.
A group of students are taking 2D art and turning it into 3D art, to help blind people ‘see’ art.
Some scientist thinks that; 3D printing will be the start to ‘teleportation’, or a Matter Fabricator
3D printing has been around for 25 years.
If the bottom layer does not stick the whole product will be ruined.
The Advantages of 3D Printing
1. Manufacturing Options: 3D printing provides a wide variety of manufactured products,
including customizable products and even an individual’s personal designs.
2. Rapid Prototyping: Products can more quickly go from just a design to an actual prototype.
3. Manufacturing Speed: Just like the previous advantage, the manufacturing speed for a large
number of final products is equally fast.
4. Reduced Costs: Even though the initial setup costs are higher, 3D printing has become
cheaper than cheap labour in third world countries. Additionally, the costs of 3D printing are
still decreasing, with the potential of 3D printers in homes in the near future. Furthermore,
the costs of customized products are the same for mass production products.
5. Warehousing: With traditional manufacturing technologies, it is much faster and cheaper to
manufacture additional products that you probably know that you will eventually need.
However with 3D printing, only products that are sold need to be manufactured, thus
warehousing of excess inventory is significantly less needed.
6. More Jobs: More engineers are needed to design and build 3D printers, and more
technicians are needed to maintain, use, and fix 3D printers too. Additionally, with the lower
cost of manufacturing, more designers and artists would be able deliver their products to
the market. Even more domestic jobs for shipping these products should be created too.
7. Medical: One of the innovative products that 3D printing may provide is the manufacturing
of customizable human body parts or organs. While these usages are still experimental, the
potential advantages are huge. Imagine doctors quickly building and replacing critical
organs, such as the heart, lungs, or liver that will have almost no chance of donor rejection,
since the organs will be built using the patients’ unique characters and DNA.
The Disadvantages of 3D Printing
1. Fewer Manufacturing Jobs: As with all new technologies, manufacturing jobs will decrease.
This disadvantage can and will have a large impact to the economies of third world
countries, especially China, that depend on a large number of low skill jobs.
2. Limited Materials: Currently, 3D printers only manufacture products out of plastic, resin,
certain metals, and ceramics. 3D printing of products in mixed materials and technology,
such as circuit boards, are still under development.

4. 3. Copyright: With 3D printing becoming more common, the printing of copyrighted products
to create counterfeit items will become more common and nearly impossible to determine.
4. Dangerous Items: 3D printers can create dangerous items, such as guns and knives, with
very little or no oversight.
5. More Useless Stuff: One of the dangers of 3D printers is that they will be used to create
more useless stuff that is bad for the environment and wallets. Fortunately, there are new
methods of automatically recycling objects made by 3D printers that hold promise of better
recycling in the future.
6. Size: Currently, 3D printers are limited with the size of the products that they can create.
Ultimately, large items, such as houses and building, could be created using 3D printers.
http://www.philforhumanity.com/3D_Printing.html
One of the best tools for 3d design is ZBrush; it can be used to print of 3D to certain printers with
some customization.
3D printing can be used for almost everything, make a mini version of yourself, and in a few years,
an actually ‘clone’ of yourself. Imagine a having a life size Charizard by your bed side? Or a miniature
dwarf.
Doctors and scientist are now trying to find ways to 3D print new organs and skin samples. Not just
organs and skin, blood vessels, cartilage, bone, eyes, hair, and nails are all on research.
3D prints need to be designed on computer software more known as ‘Slicers’.
Most 3D printers create a grid to help keep the print stable.

5. How are 3D models displayed? Describe and explain what an API and a Graphics pipeline are.
Remember that you are trying to comprehensively explain the theory and applications of 3D with elucidated examples and
consistently using subject terminology correctly.