Railway engineering deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of railway tracks to allow for the safe and efficient movement of trains. It includes surveying land for tracks, choosing materials for tracks, designing track layouts and geometries, implementing signaling systems, and constructing stations and yards. Railways are necessary as they provide a low-cost way to transport large volumes of goods and people over long distances, helping industries, economic development, and social connections. Careful planning is required when developing railway systems, considering route selection, ground conditions, environmental impacts, and engineering feasibility.

1. TRANSPORTATION
ENGINEERING
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2. Railway Engineering
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3. Railway Engineering
• The branch of Civil Engineering
which deals with the
design, construction and
maintenance of the railway tracks
for safe and efficient movements
of trains is called Railway
Engineering.
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4. SCOPE OF RAILWAY
ENGINEERING
Apart from design, construction and
maintenance of tracks, Railway engineering
also includes the study of the following
important topics :-
Types of surveys necessary in marking the
alignment of different railways tracks
Materials required in the construction of
railway tracks
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5. SCOPE OF RAILWAY ENGINEERING
Track geometrics
Points and crossings
Railways stations and yards
Signaling and interlocking, etc.
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6. NECESSITY OF RAILWAYS
Railways are significant and potential means
of transporting men and material over large
distance in a country.
This system of conveyance helps in
manufacturing goods by transporting raw
materials from far off places to the factories
and also in transporting the finished products
to the marketing centers.
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7. NECESSITY OF RAILWAYS
The introduction of Railways has converted
barren lands into green fields and well
developed towns and cities.
Railways have also helped in developing
cultural and social ties among the people by
transporting them from one corner to the
other corner of the country.
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8. NECESSITY OF RAILWAYS
The necessity or utility of Railways can be well
realized from the following purpose and advantages
of Railways :-
i. Railways provide a comfortable and safe means
of communication within the reach of a
common man.
ii. Transport of bulk of letters, parcels and heavy
goods like raw materials, coal, ores, etc. from
the mines and manufacturing concerns for long
distance is cheap and convenient only by
Railways.
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9. NECESSITY OF RAILWAYS
iii. Railways transport requires the least amount
of power as compared to its weight.
iv. In case of Railways, only the direction of
movement of trains is controlled and
practically no steering is required for
diverting the trains from one track to an
other track.
v. Railways act as the biggest undertaking in
the world and thus provide employment
opportunities on large scale.
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10. NECESSITY OF RAILWAYS
vi. Railways from the chief sources of revenue to
a country without any taxation.
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11. PLANNING
In constructing and maintaining any railway system
infrastructure, there are many activities which are
carried out:
Proper co-ordination and co-operation is
necessary
In the earliest stages of planning of any railway,
choices have to be made relating to the best
route
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12. PLANNING
ground conditions and water levels as well as
existing building foundations and services must
all be taken into consideration
the level of the railway will be determined by
existing physical constraints
all engineering implications are fully
investigated and costed before any decision is
made to construct a railway, either underground
or on elevated structure
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13. PLANNING
Disruption during the construction period of
works in inner city areas is a factor that needs
also to be taken into account
a careful consideration on environmental issues
including visual impact and noise as well as
dealing with emergencies at high level is needed
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14. PLANNING
From an engineering point of view, alignments
should also be as smooth as possible without
steep gradients or tight curves.
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