1. An LSU Museum of Natural Science presentation to
accompany the activity
Louisiana Rocks andLouisiana Rocks and
MineralsMinerals
2. Objective: Students will gain an
understanding of where minerals come from
and the environmental impact of mining.
Materials
For teacher: Stop watch, scale, bucket of pennies
For student: 4 chocolate cookies, toothpicks, pencil,
data recording sheet, small weigh boat
Mining for MMM…Mining for MMM…
MineralsMinerals
3. Investigating the layer-
cake earth
What is stratigraphy?
Study of sediment layers
and the relationship
between rocks and
fossils with time.
4. Rules of StratigraphyRules of Stratigraphy
• Steno’s Principle of Superposition
Lower layers are older than higher layers
• Original Horizontality
Layers are deposited in (near-) horizontal
manner
• Principle of Lateral continuity
Layers extend laterally in all direction
• Cross-Cutting Relationships
Layers intruded by other rocks are older than the
intruding rocks
5. Unconformities-
represents a gap in
deposition – lost
time!
• Nonconformity
• Angular
• Disconformity
Sediment layers are LostSediment layers are Lost…..…..
http://epod.usra.edu/archive/images/uncoformitysm.jpg
8. Given the diagram, list the order (oldest to youngest) in
which the following events happened:
A. Faulting B. Tilting E. Intrusion
C. Erosion D. Deposition
Classroom assessment activity
Deposition 1
Deposition 1
Tilting
Tilting
Deposition 2 Deposition 2
Intrusion
Erosion
Faulting
1. Deposition 1 2. Tilting 3. Erosion
4. Deposition 2 5. Intrusion 6. Faulting
9. Illustration of example cake set-up. Note different
cake layers (different colors) and fault.
10. Illustration of example cake set-up. Note different
cake layers (different colors) and fault.