In modern-day military aviation, displays are the most a reliable method of presenting information to the pilots, with the increment of more sophisticated controls given to the pilots.

1. Displays and Controls Arrangement
in Military Aircrafts
Human Factors Perspective

2. Evolution of
Displays
• A piece of string was used by Wright brothers as a slip
indicator
• CRT displays were first introduced to the aviation
industry through military aircrafts in 1940
• In modern day military aviation, displays are the most
reliable method of presenting information to the pilots,
with the increment of more sophisticated controls
given to the pilots

3. Visual Display
Design
• Displays must present information in a way that
help the brain of the pilot in its processing tasks
even when pilots performance is affected by
fatigue or stress.
• General characteristics of visual display design
• Light and visibility
• Method of presenting
• Standards of presenting
• Distinguish the most important information
• Angle of the visual display to be viewed
• Viewing distance
• Mode of the display
• Dials marks and shapes

4. Glass Cockpit
• More effective utilization of high priority panel
space
• Greater flexibility

5. Control
Designing
• Sight and reach
• Direction of movement of the control
• Warrick’s principle
• Control resistance
• Control coding

6. Control
Designing
• Sight and reach
• Direction of movement of the control
• Warrick’s principle
• Control resistance
• Control coding

7. Control
Designing
• Sight and reach
• Direction of movement of the control
• Warrick’s principle
• Control resistance
• Control coding

8. Control
Designing
• Sight and reach
• Direction of movement of the control
• Warrick’s principle
• Control resistance
• Control coding

9. Keyboard
Configurations
• Keyboards play a prominent role in modern
military flight decks to input data into the system
by the pilot. Keys and rows of keys used in
military aviation spaced by around 2 cm.
• QWETY keyboard layout
• Not efficient
• Individual finger loading (1% - 22%)
• Left hand work (60%)
• DSK keyboard layout
• More efficient
• Individual finger loading (1% - 8%)
• Left hand work (50%)

10. Keyboard
Configurations
• Alphabetically ordered keyboards

11. Space and
Layout Design
Military Aviation

12. Space and
Layout
Design
• For optimized performance comfort and safety
human factors must be considered in terms of
following aspects.
• Flight deck basic geometry
• Seat design
• Arrangement of flight instruments

13. Anthropometry
and
Biomechanics
• Human dimensions and forces are pertinent
to the design of aircraft equipment to ensure
optimum effectiveness.
Anthropometry Data Design Information
• Size of limbs
• Weight
• Stature (height)
• Seated eye height
• Seated reachability with
restraining shoulder harness
• Seated reachability without
restraining shoulder harness
etc.
• Body forces (grip strength
etc.)
• Etc.
• optimum height of a work
surface
• minimum knee room
between seat rows
• location of controls, width
of a seat
• length of an arm rest
• height of a headrest
• seat cushion design
• Etc.

14. Landing Gear
Handle
Design

15. Flight Deck Geometry
71 cm 30 deg
68 cm

16. Windshield
Design
Factors to be considered in the design
of windshield
• Forward visibility
• Downward visibility
• Location of design eye position

17. Seat Location
57 cmRudder Paddles

18. Flight Instrument Configuration
Main Instrument Panel
Starboard Side
Main Instrument Panel
Port Side
Main Instrument Panel
Wide View

19. Flight Instrument Configuration
Instrument Panel
Starboard Upper
Instrument Panel Port
Port Lower
Instrument Panel
Center Lower

20. Basic T Configuration Su-35 Flanker Cockpit

21. Thank You