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Scaling-up Effective Land Administration in Urban DRC
1. 1
By Jonathan Shaw &
Hon. Carly Nzanzu K.
Organization(s):
1. Ministry in Charge of Land Affairs and Urban planning in North Kivu
2. UN-Habitat/Global Land Tool Network (GLTN)
3. Université Chrétienne Bilingue du Congo (UCBC)
2. 2
Introduction
North Kivu province:
Area: 7,484 km2
Pop: 1,313,645 inhabitants
The Project site, Masiani, is one of the thirty
neighborhoods in Beni, and divided into 7 cells
Area of 15 km2
16,264 inhabitants 2,711 households
Beni is located in the Province of North Kivu
Beni
Masiani
3. 3
Persistence of different and
competing legal systems;
Feeble land laws;
Proliferation of artisanal
mining;
Competition between
indigenous and migrant
communities;
Continued displacements
among vulnerable
populations due to violence;
Key Challenges
4. 4
Ineffective performance of
judicial systems;
Intense competition on land
ownership; presence of land
grabs
Competition for land use
between agriculturalists and
pastoralists in densely
populated areas;
Rapid informal urbanization;
Key Challenges
5. • Antiquated Cadaster plans
with missing records
• Archiving system not well
managed
Key Challenges (Land Administration)
• Maps without
georeferencing information
• Land records not connected
with maps
6. UCBC, UN-Habitat and GLTN partnered with a wide range of both state
and non-state to design and implement a Land Information System (LIS)
using a customized version of GLTN’s Social Tenure Domain Model:
6
Key Interventions of the Project
Cadaster digitization is part of the vision of the Governor of North
Kivu in the modernization of the Land Administration promoted by the
Head of State.
7. 7
Key Processes
Community Sensitization
Building partnership with all
actors
Transparency and participatory
processes
Consultations with the
Provincial Miniser of Land
Trainings of surveyors
Survey and land registration
Parcel enumeration with L.A.
Documentation
8. Cadaster and Urban Planning technicians are trained on the use of QGis basic for
geospatial data processing;
Socio-economic data are collected and integrated into the STDM;
User's Guide on STDM is designed for the Land Administration Officers;
GLTN and UCBC trained Land Officers on land services delivery with a participatory
perspective.
8
Key Achievements
The LA agents affected to STDM
operations have registered in
total over 2,368 plots;
98% of registered plots are
informal and not legally secured;
400 out of the 2,368 plots are
given a unique number; on-going
process
9. The Masiani Land Occupation Map is validated
and used by the Land Administration
9
Emerging Outcomes
The Land Resource Center is established, to train local L.A. for the
implementation of STDM
The Capacity of UCBC is built to continue with the work on STDM
With the above results, tenure security is improved and/or being improved in
Masiani
10. Emerging Outcomes
Land Registry office proceeds to files recording faster : 200 Files/Month
compared to 50 Files/Month before digitization of the cadaster;
Land Readjustment of undeveloped areas and identifications of conflict
cases are facilitated;
Digital plans and geo-spatial database are made available;
More than 40 land administration surveyors and urban planning
technicians are trained.
Before
After
Hon. Carly Nzanzu K.
Provincial Minister of Land Affairs
11. Emerging Outcomes
Through the availability of digitized data, Land Taxation services
are able to collect property taxes;
The registered land owners increased due to more transparency
and accessibility
Land property database is used to send text messages to
taxpayers, who in turn pay directly to the bank into the public
treasury account;
The mobilization of revenue in the Public Treasury is made
efficient and traceable ...
The dialogue on land rights and land use planning is promoted
The collaboration between different land actors is improved
Overlapping ownership claims are reduced
11
Hon. Carly Nzanzu K.
Provincial Minister of Land Affairs
12. With an improved cadaster system,
corruption is reduced and easier
access to land for the poor is made
possible
Peaceful co-habitation among and
between communities is possible
with mediation and transparent
land administration system
12
Lessons Learnt
With strengthened
partnership and trust, the
different land actors are more
willing to work in collaboration
and to ease the work of the
land administration
13. 13
Interventions and partnerships can be scaled-up
to implement interventions like the STDM
throughout eastern DRC
Extend the capacity building to the whole
technical teams from the Land Administration
offices
Continue to improve the Land Information
Systems
Increase acquisition of land information materials
and satellite images for the continuous
improvement of data quality
Improve the quality of Land Administration
infrastrutures and equipment
Inform wider land governance conversations and
reform processes
Conclusion/Way Forward
Hon. Carly Nzanzu K.
Provincial Minister of Land Affairs
Under the ruling of King Leopold of Belgium, any land that appeared to be unoccupied or was not permanently cultivated was designated as “vacant” and therefore claimed as state-owned land even though it was common for communities to reserve “un-used” land for future needs (Vlassenroot & Huggins, "Land, migration and conflict in eastern DRC", 2005).
Under the ruling of King Leopold of Belgium, any land that appeared to be unoccupied or was not permanently cultivated was designated as “vacant” and therefore claimed as state-owned land even though it was common for communities to reserve “un-used” land for future needs (Vlassenroot & Huggins, "Land, migration and conflict in eastern DRC", 2005).
79 cas de conflits documenté
2 cas de conflits résolu par la médiation d’un comité mixte mis en place
Sur le 370 parcelles énuméré , seulement 97 sont enregistré ont