UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
Open Access: The Book Challenge
1. “Every reader his book, every book its reader”:
print and e-books at Manchester
Simon Bains, Head of Research Services & Deputy Librarian
2. Monograph spend 2009-13
•
•
•
•
Spend on print monographs has fallen by 37%
Spend on individual eBooks has increased by 148%
Spend on eBook subscriptions has increased by 39%
'On demand' spend increasing year-on-year
4. Ratio Average Cost of eBook vs Print Book
3.50
Ratio of cost of average eBook vs Average Print Book
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
6. Purchase vs Subscription
• Subscription model
– Larger number of titles
– Lower cost
• But
– Includes titles that may not be required
– Moving towards the journal ‘big deal’ model
7. For perpetual access to titles published in 2013
Subject
Philosophy
Political
Science
Public
Health
Cost
No. of Titles Cost per title
For one year's access to all titles
published since 2003
Cost per title
Cost
No of Titles (1 year's
access)
£24,000.00
160
£150
£3,933.60
1426
£2.76
£16,800.00
112
£150
£3,867.60
801
£4.83
£1,500.00
10
£150
£2,133.60
156
£13.68
8. Print book loans
Sample: 720,000
Site: Main Library
Not borrowed in 10 years: 191,000
Not borrowed
27%
Borrowed
73%
10. Textbooks, ebooks, and the
student experience
•
•
•
•
Availability of textbooks and NSS
eTextbooks can cost up to 50x cost of print
And we have to maintain print purchases
eTextbook purchase and licensing models are
numerous, complicated and expensive
• Students requires easy access and high functionality
11. Are we in danger of repeating the past?
• It's ludicrous how much it costs to
publish research — let alone what we
pay.
• The scientific community carries out
peer review for free, yet subscriptionjournal publishers charge billions of
dollars per year for the final product
• It's a ridiculous transaction
Michael Eisen, cofounder of the
Public Library of
Science (PLOS),
interviewed in
Nature, March
2013
12. New models?
• Support OA monograph publishing
– Knowledge Unlatched etc.
• Reduce spend on research ebooks
• Invest in functional eTextbooks
• Reduce barriers and costs
– Digital Rights Management; licence limitations;
unnecessary purchases
13.
14. • Hosted Open Access ejournal publishing service
• University of Manchester Library & Manchester
University Press
• To encourage OA publishing and offer alternative routes
• To provide affordable (and free) publishing models
• To raise awareness and promote new models
• Can be applied to monograph publishing
15. Roles for the University Library
• Library as publisher, not Library as purchaser?
• Publishing your research
• Curating and preserving your research
– outputs and data
• Widening access
• Increasing impact
• Measuring use and impact
16. Where next?
•
•
•
•
Test emerging business models
Further Library/Press collaboration
Consider supporting OA pioneers
Develop strategies for research monographs and
textbooks
• Engage nationally and internationally (Hefce, LIBER,
RLUK, SCONUL)