This document discusses several film movements and their histories: German Expressionism emerged in response to World War 1 and used theatrical set designs adapted for film. The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari in 1920 was deemed the first "art film" and horror film. Italian Neo-Realism developed after World War 2 and used real locations and non-professional actors to focus on reality over visual style. The French New Wave movement used lighter cameras for "street cinema" films and directors were seen as auteurs, influencing later films like Bonnie and Clyde. Jules and Jim became iconic of this movement.