Crossectional studies 2

DESCRIPTIVE AND CROSSECTIONAL STUDIES DR. F D E MTANGO

OBJECTIVES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EARLY STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MIDDLE STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LATER STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

USES of descriptive studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Types of descriptive studies ,[object Object],[object Object]

Type of descriptive studies..2 ,[object Object],[object Object]

Types of descriptive studies.3 ,[object Object]

Types of descriptive in relation to time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Descriptive studies- person (who is affected?) ,[object Object]

Descriptive studies- place (where are the patients ?) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Migrant studies of Cancer (ca rate per 100,000 popolation). ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Descriptive studies-time (when?) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Descriptive studies-space and time ,[object Object]

ADVANTAGES OF DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

DISADVANTAGES OF DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES ,[object Object],[object Object]

DISADVANTAGES OF DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES 2 ,[object Object]

Disadvantages of descriptive studies 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ANALYTICAL CROSSECTIONAL STUDIES ,[object Object],[object Object]

INDICATIONS OF ANALYTICAL CROSSECTIONAL STUDIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Advantages of analytical Crossectional Studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Disadvantages of analytical crossectional studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Steps in carrying out a crossectional study ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Steps in carrying out a crossectional study 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Steps in carrying out a crossectional study 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

BRAIN STORMING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What type of study is the following? ,[object Object],[object Object]

What type of study produced the following data? ,[object Object]

What type of study produced the following data? ,[object Object],[object Object]

What type of study is to be done following the following objectives? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What type of study is this? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Formulation of a hypothesis Method of difference; if the disease frequency is significantly different between two sets of circumstances the disease might have a causal association with a particular factor that differs between the two

Method of agreement; If single factor is common in a number of circumstances in which the disease occurs causal association can be suspected.

Method of concomitant variation If a factor varies in proportion to the frequency of disease causal association can also be suspected.

Crossectional studies 2

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Crossectional studies 2