Pakistan studies for class 9th Notes

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Pak.Studies for Class 9 Chapter.1 IDEOLOGICAL BASIS OF PAKISTAN

SHORT QUESTIONS

Q.1) Define ideology. Discuss the meaning of ideology of Pakistan?

OR

What is meant by ideology of Pakistan?

Answer. IDEOLOGY

Every body has a specific aim of life. To achieve the aim, a set of ideas provide guidance.
Similarly, in collective life of a group or nation, people struggle collectively in the light of
common thinking. That collective thinking is called ideology of the Nation.

OR

Ideology is a set of ideas on which a political, social, economic system of a nation is based.
Ideology expresses the collective thinking of the nation.

IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN:

Every movement has an ideology behind it. Ideology of Pakistan is ideology of Islam. On the
base of which Muslims of sub-continent struggled for a separate homeland.

OR

Ideology of Pakistan is to mould our individual and collective lives according to the teaching of
Islam and to safeguard ourselves against all those ideologies that are against Islam.

Q.2) Mention kinds of ideology?

Answer: KINDS OF IDEOLOGY

Ideology is of different types, e.g.

I. Religious ideology
II. Political ideology
III. Economic ideology

I. Religious ideology :

It deals to establish a social and living system in the light of basic principles of a religion e.g.
ideology of Islam is to establish Islamic society.

II. Political ideology:

Compiled by Maaz, Hayatabad Model School, Hayatabad, Peshawar Page 1

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It deals to establish a specific political system for the followers of that ideology, according to
their thinking e.g. democratic system of government etc.

III. Economic ideology:

It deals to solve the financial problems of the nation e.g. capitalist economic system and
communist economic system etc.

Q.3) What is meant by Two Nations Theory?

Answer: TWO NATIONS THEORY

Two Nations Theory means Muslims are separate nation. There were two major nations living
in India, Muslims and Hindus. They were much different from one another in socio-cultural,
political and economic system. The differences in religion, history, civilization and every aspect
of life were responsible for the partition of India into two independent states. Two nations
theory was presented by Sir Syed Ahamad Khan.

Q.4) What Islam says about behavior with minorities?

Answer: TEACHING OF ISLAM ABOUT BEHAVIOR WITH MINORITIES

According to teaching of Islam non Muslim citizens of an Islamic state have equal social status
with Muslim citizens. They have right of preserving their language, culture, religion and place of
worship etc. Briefly, Islam guarantees equal rights of Muslims and non Muslims minorities.

Q.5) Why Hindus opposed the Urdu language?

Answer: Hindus were against Urdu language because this language was developed during
Muslim rule and its writing script in Arabic and Persian, that’s why this language was not
acceptable to them.

Q.6) Why it was felt necessary to form Muslim league?

OR

Write a short not on causes and motives which played an important role in the formation of
Muslim league?

Answer: FORMATION OF MUSLIM LEAGUE:

There were various causes and motives which played vital role in the formation of Muslim
league, such as:


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I. Urdu- Hindi Controversy:

In 1867, Hindus in Banaras started movement against Urdu because it was considered the
language of the Muslims of India.

II. All India National congress:

In 1885 a British retired officer founded all India National Congress to represent all the nations
living in India, but later on it proved Hindu dominated party.

Others:
Partition of Bengal in 1905 also played partial role in formation of Muslim league.
In a successful meeting of Muslim leaders with Viceroy Lord Minto at Shimla in 1906, the
delegation convinced viceroy of Muslim demands.

Under these circumstances Muslims felt need of political Party of their own and all India
Muslim league was formed in 1906.

Q.7) How the Nehru Report affected the political thinking of Muslims?

Answer: In May, 1928 all parties’ conference was held in this conference a committee was
constituted (established) under chairmanship of Pundit Moti Lal Nehru (President of India
National Congress). The aim of this committee was to make a draft for further constitution of
India.

This committee presented a report known as Nehru Report. Recommendations of this report
were totally against the interest and wishes of Muslims. That is the historical point where
ideology of Pakistan born. On this occasion Quaid-e Azam stated that:

“It is nothing but parting of the ways. “

“From here our modes are different.”

The anti-Muslims mentality of Hindus compelled Muslims to demand partition of India.

Q.8) When Lahore Resolution was introduced and what it demanded?

Answer: LAHORE RESOLUTION

Lahore Resolution was passed on 23rd March, 1940 in an annual session of Muslim league at
Lahore. Later on this resolution was known as Pakistan Resolution.

DEMAND OF LAHORE RESOLUTION:

In Pakistan Resolution Muslim league demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India.


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LONG QUESTIONS

Q.1) what are the sources of ideology of Pakistan? Discuss the need and significance of
ideology?

Answer: IDEOLOGY:

Similarly in collective life of group or nation, people struggle collectively in the light if common
thinking that collective thinking is called ideology of Pakistan.

Or

Ideology is a set of ideas on which a political, social, economic or cultural system of a nation is
based. Ideology expresses collective thinking of the nation.

SOURCES OF IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN:

Ideology is not formed in a day. It is a process of growth and evolution. The factors that
determine an ideology are called its sources. Many factors play their role in the formation of
ideology. These factors include religion, history, social condition, culture and civilization.

As the factors of every nation are different from other, there for their ideologies are also
different from each other.

NEED AND SIGNIFICANCE OF IDEALOGY:

Every nation has specific goals. To achieve national goals, there is need of ideology that leads
the people of that nation in right direction.

To achieve the settled goal(s) ideology proves helpful in following ways:

I) Purpose of Life:

Ideology persuades a nation towards purposeful live.

II) National Unity:

Ideology plays a vital role in keeping united the people of a society because when all the people
of a society or nation have the same thinking, then an exemplary union is found. Iqbal says
about national unity:


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III) National Encouragement:

Ideology creates ability in nation to face the hardships. Ideological nation never discourage and
search solution of the problems in the light of ideology.

IV) Preserve Social Values:

Ideology preserves the culture, civilization social and religious values of the nation. Ideological
nation remain protected form negative internal and external effects and wrong tendencies.

V) National Legislation:

Ideological nation face no problem in legislation because the basic guiding principles already
exist in form of ideology.

VI) National Constitution:

Ideology guides the nation in making national constitution and other laws.

VII) National Identity:

Ideology plays a vital role in character building of and national identify. It discriminate a nation
from others.

VIII) Key to Success and Development:

Ideology guides toward knowledge and action. It shows the path of spiritualism and
humanitarian along with material development.

Q.2 Write a note on the basis and elements of Pakistan ideology.

Answer: Islam is a philosophy as well as ideology. Islam is the axis of lives of Muslims. Ideology
of Islam became the base and mover of ideology of Pakistan. Following are the elements of
Pakistan ideology:

I. Faith on Islam and belief on Tauheed
II. Brotherhood
III. Islamic system of life
IV. Islamic concept of sovereignty
V. Islamic democracy
VI. Social justice and equality
VII. Equal right of minorities.


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I. FAITH ON ISLAM AND BELIEF ON TAUHEED:

Islam is the most important basic element of ideology of Pakistan. Tauheed means Allah is one
who alone is creator and lord of every thing. The base of Muslim nationality is Tauheed (one
Creed) not the race or country etc.

According to Quaid-e-Azam:

“Pakistan came into being the day, the first Hindu embraced Islam in India”

II. BROTHERHOOD OR FRATERNITY:

Holy Quran says “all the believers are brothers”. They are just like part of one body. If there is
pain in one part, the whole body feels discomfort. Most brilliant example of brotherhood was
setup by Ansar-e-Madina.

An Islamic society based on brotherhood promotes feelings of affection, sacrifice, mutual co-
operation and selfless service. In this way the society become a paradise in real sense.

To establish such a society the Muslims of India started struggle for separate homeland

III. ISLAMIC SYSTEM OF LIFE:

Islam is not a religion but it is a complete code of life which brings the solution of social,
political and economic needs of human beings. The aim of creation of Pakistan was the
permanent solution of the problems of Muslims.

IV. ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF SOVEREIGNTY :

According to Islam Allah is the creator and sovereign of Universe. The position of human being
in this world is of assistant (Naib or Caliph).

Fundamental aim of human life is the total subservience of Allah‘s Commands and the
obedience of Holy Prophet (S.A.W.W). Muslims of sub-continent wanted such an Islamic state
where they can exercise the powers granted by Allah as a sacred trust.

V. ISLAMIC DEMOCRACY:

According the principles of Islamic democracy, only the capable, truthful, careful and pious
persons have the right of public representatives. Holy Quran says “And consult with them upon
conduct of affairs” that’s why mutual consultation is very important in Muslim society. Holy
prophet also asked the opinion of his companions on important occasions during period of
khulafa-e-Rashideen (caliphs). Ashura was established for consultation of caliph on important
matters. Caliph was elected by public representatives, the trustworthy people. Khilafat was


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confirmed through “Bai,at”. Caliph was responsible to use ruling power within limitation of
divine law. He was responsible before public after Allah. Muslims of the sub-continent wanted
such a state where they can establish Islamic principles of democracy.

V. SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EQUALITY:

Social justice is very important feature of a society.

Holy Quran says,

“We have created all mankind from none male and female and have made your communities
and clans that you may know one another. The noblest of you in the sight of Allah is the best of
conduct.”

Islam rejects discrimination on account of caste, race, color, language, culture or wealth etc.
The Holy profit (S.A.W.W) declared on the eve of his Hijatul Wida

“All human beings are the offspring of Hazrat Adam. No Arab has any precedence over a
Persian and vice versa. Similarly the white have no precedence over the black and vice versa.”

Islam teaches perfect equality and setup of such a society where there is no sense of superiority
or inferiority.

These were the factors that led ideology of Pakistan.

VII. EQUAL RIGHTS OF MINORITIES:

According to the teaching of Islam non Muslim citizens of an Islamic state have equal social
status with Muslim citizens. They have right of preserving their language, culture, religion and
places of worship etc.

On 11th of Aug, 1947 Quaid-e-Azam told in his speech:

“You are free; you are free to go your temples and other places of worship in this country of
Pakistan”.

He said, “We are taking start form the basic principles that we all are equal citizens of one
country”.


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Q.3) Mention the Evolution of Pakistan Ideology?

Answer: IDEOLOGY:

Similarly, in collective life of a group or nation, people struggle collectively in the light of
common thinking. That collective thinking is called ideology of the nation.

OR

Ideology is a set of ideas on which a political, social, economic system of a nation is based.
Ideology expresses the collective thinking of the nation.

IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN:

Every movement has an ideology behind it. Ideology of Pakistan is ideology of Islam. On the
base of which Muslims of subcontinent struggled for a separate homeland.

OR

Ideology of Pakistan is to mould our individual and collective lives according to the teaching of
Islam and to safeguard ourselves against all those ideologies that are against Islam.

EVALUTION OF PAKSITAN IDEOLOGY:

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah traced the historical background of ideology of Pakistan
as under:

“Pakistan cam into being the day, the first Hindu embraced Islam in India.”

Thus ideology of Pakistan originated with the arrival of Muslims in the sub-continent. The first
preachers were Arab traders.

Muslim Rule in Sub-Continent:

The first permanent Muslim rule in sub-continent was formed in 712AD by Muslim General
Muhammad Bin Qasim. Muslim rule was continued till 1858 when last Mughal king Bahadur
Shah Zafar was dethroned.

British East India Company:

Many of the last Mughal Kings were incapable. Taking advantage of weakness of these rulers,
East India Company (a trading company) gradually became master of the country.


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War of Independence:

Although this war was fought by Hindus and Muslims, but whole responsibility was laid on the
Muslims and they became victims of British. British adopted harsh policies toward the Muslims.

Hindu-Urdu Controversy:

In 1867 Hindus started movement against Urdu because this language was developed during
Muslim rule.

Anti-Muslim Attitude of Hindu Extremists:

Hindu extremist groups like Arya samaj, and shudi etc tried to eliminate Muslims, either by
making them leave or get them converted. It compelled the Muslims to think about separate
home land.

Two Nations Theory:

In start Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan beloved in Hindu Muslim unity. But attitude of Hindus and
Congress convened sir syed to reshape his idea. After Hindi-Urdu controversy he said: “I am
convinced now that Hindus and Muslims are two separate nations and could never become one
nation as their religion and way of living is quite distinct form each other.”

The Shimla Deputation:

On Oct 1906 a delegation met with viceroy lord Minto at Shimla. The delegation convinced
viceroy of Muslims demand. After this Muslim leaders felt the need of a political party of their
own.

Establishment of Muslim League:

To protect Muslims from Hindu dominancy and represent Muslims as separate nation, all India
Muslim League was formed on Dec, 1906.

Nehru Report and Its Recommendations:

In 1928 a committee was made under chairmanship of Moti Lal Nehru to make a draft for
future constitution of India. Recommendations made by this committee were totally against
Muslims. That is the historical point where ideology of Pakistan born.

Struggle of Muslim Leaders:

In 1922 Sardar Muahammad khan, the President of “ Anjumin Islamia “ D.I.khan Proposed
the solution of India into two parts.


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In 1930, in annual meeting of Muslim league Allama Iqbal in his presidential address
demand for partition of India.
In 1933 Choudry Rehmat Ali and his colleagues suggested the name “ Pakistan” for the new
state of the Muslims of India
On 23rd March, 1940 at Lahore Muslim League passed a resolution and demanded for a
separate Islamic state in India.

Q.4) How did Allama Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam explained Pakistan Ideology?

Answer: INTRODUCITON:

Poet of the east and dreamer of Pakistan Allama M.Iqbal and father of the nation Quaid-e –
Azam M.Ali Jinnnah Played vital role in establishment of Pakistan . They explained ideology of
Pakistan in a better way. Allama Iqbal gave the concept of separate state for Muslims of India
while Quaid-e-Azam gave it a practical shape and guided Muslims in their political struggle.

ALLAMA IQBAL AND IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN:

In the beginning Allama iqbal was a great supporter of Hindu Muslims unity and united Indian
nationality. But in the light of later coming events he gave the concept of separate homeland
for Muslims of sub-continent

In his address at Allahabad in 1930 he said.

“I would like to see, the Punjab, the North West Frontier Province (KPK) Sind and Baluchistan
amalgamated into a single state. It appears to be the destiny of the Muslims of North Western
areas”.

In 1937 he writes to quaid-e-Azam:

“How it is possible to solve the problems of Muslim poverty? (The whole future of league
depends on this Question). Happily there is a solution in the enforcement of the laws of Islam
and its further development in the light of modern ideas (under Ijtehad). But the enforcement
and development of the Shariat of Islam is impossible in this country with out a free Muslim
State”.

QUAID-E-AZAM AND IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN:

The famous saying of Quaid-e-Azam:

“Pakistan came into being the day, the first Hindu embraced Islam in India”.

During the crucial phase of Pakistan Movement, he explained the meaning of Pakistan as,


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“Pakistan means not only freedom and independence, but the Muslim ideology, which has to
be preserved.”

The concept of Pakistan is really base on the supremacy of Quran and Sunnah. It was, however,
impossible to achieve this objective in the Hindu Dominated society. So in presidential address
on 23rd 1940, in a historical session of Muslim league in Lahore, Quaid said:

“Hinduism and Islam are not only two religion but two different social systems that is why this
idea should be understand as a dream that Muslims and Hindus could ever be adopted the
status of united nation. Hindus and Muslims belong to two different civilizations which are
based on such ideas and thinking that are against each other.”

After establishment of Paksitan Quaid-e-Azam explained ideology of Pakistan as:

“Our mission was the establishment of a state where we can live like free people in our own
culture setup necessary for the promotion of social justice and Islamic Ideology”.

CONCLUSION:

Both the leaders Quaid and Iqbal explained ideology of Pakistan. As religion and social values
differentiate Muslims from Hindus as a separate nation, therefore the Muslims have the right
to have their own separate homeland, where they can live according to their religious and
social values.


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Multiple Choice Questions

1) Pakistan is what type of state?

A) Political B) Conceptual C) ideological D) Economic

2) The factors form an ideology is called?

A) Elements B) Parts C) Means D) Sources

3) How does an ideological Nation live?

A) Meaningful B) Purposeful C) respectful D) Ethical

4) What was the aim of life of the Muslims of south Asia?

A) Pakistan ideology B) Economic prosperity

C) Pakistan Movement D) Islam

5) What was the Basis of separate Muslim Nationality?

A) Prayer B) Tauheed C) Social Justice D) Sovereignty

6) What are the principles of the establishment of Islamic state?

A) Political B) Economic C) Democratic D) Universal

7) When Quaid-e-Azam addressed the Shahi Darbar Sibbi (Baluchistan)?

A) 12th Feb, 1948 B) 14th Feb, 1948

C) 14th March, 1948 D) 14th July, 1948

8) Where Sir Syed Ahmad khan was born?

A) Agra B) Madras C) Bengal D) Delhi

9) Who was the last Mughal Emperor?

A) Zahee-ud-Din Babar B) Jalal-ud-Din Akbar

C) Aurangzeb Alamgir D) Bahadur Shah Zafar


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10) What was the name of Trade Company of English Merchants?

A) East India Company B) British India Company

C) Anglo India Company D) Royal India Company

11) When did Urdu Hindi controversy take place?

A) 1867 B) 1767 C) 1866 D) 1865

12) Which party was founded in 1985?

A) Muslim League B) Indian National Congress

C) Muslim Student Federation D) Anjuman Himayat-e-Islam

13) When did Nehru Report come?

A) 1926 B) 1927 C) 1928 D) 1929

14) Which branch of All India Muslim League introduced the resolution of Indian partition in
1938?

A) Punjab B) KPK (NWFP) C) Sindh D) Baluchistan

15) Who deliverd the Allah Abad Address in 1930

A) Liaqat Ali Khan B) Allama Iqbal

C) Quaid-e-Azam D) Moulvi Fazl-e-Haq

16) Which type of ideology aim to establish a social and living system in the light of a specific
religion?

A) Religious B) Political C) Economic D) None

Answers
1) Ideological 2) Sources 3) Purposeful 4) Pakistan Ideology
5) Tauheed 6) Democratic 7) 14th Feb, 1948 8) Delhi
9) Bahadar Shah 10) East India 11) 1867 12)Indian National
Zafar Company Congress
13) 1928 14) Sindh 15) Allama Iqbal 16) Religious


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